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1.
Terrorist actions are aimed at maximizing harm (health, psychological, economical, and political) through the combined physical impacts of the act and fear. Immediate and effective response to a terrorist act is critical to limit human and environmental harm, effectively restore facility function, and maintain public confidence. Though there have been terrorist attacks in public facilities that we have learned from, overall our experiences in restoration of public facilities following a terrorist attack are limited. Restoration of public facilities following a release of a hazardous material is inherently far more complex than in industrial settings and has many unique technical, economic, social, and political challenges. For example, there may be a great need to quickly restore the facility to full operation and allow public access even though it was not designed for easy or rapid restoration, and critical information is needed for quantitative risk assessment and effective restoration must be anticipated to be incomplete and uncertain. Whereas present planning documents have substantial linearity in their organization, the “adaptive management” paradigm provides a constructive parallel paradigm for restoration of public facilities that anticipates and plans for uncertainty, inefficiencies, and stakeholder participation. Adaptive management grew out of the need to manage and restore natural resources in highly complex and changing environments with limited knowledge about causal relationships and responses to restoration actions. Similarities between natural resource management and restoration of a public facility after a terrorist attack suggest that integration of adaptive management principles explicitly into restoration processes will result in substantially enhanced and flexible responses necessary to meet the uncertainties of potential terrorist attacks. 相似文献
2.
Michael R. Greenberg 《Risk analysis》2009,29(9):1242-1254
Public and political opposition have made finding locations for new nuclear power plants, waste management, and nuclear research and development facilities a challenge for the U.S. government and the nuclear industry. U.S. government-owned properties that already have nuclear-related activities and commercial nuclear power generating stations are logical locations. Several studies and utility applications to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission suggest that concentrating locations at major plants (CLAMP) has become an implicit siting policy. We surveyed 2,101 people who lived within 50 miles of 11 existing major nuclear sites and 600 who lived elsewhere in the United States. Thirty-four percent favored CLAMP for new nuclear power plants, 52% for waste management facilities, and 50% for new nuclear laboratories. College educated, relatively affluent male whites were the strongest CLAMP supporters. They disproportionately trusted those responsible for the facilities and were not worried about existing nuclear facilities or other local environmental issues. Notably, they were concerned about continuing coal use. Not surprisingly, CLAMP proponents tended to be familiar with their existing local nuclear site. In short, likely CLAMP sites have a large and politically powerful core group to support a CLAMP policy. The challenge to proponents of nuclear technologies will be to sustain this support and expand the base among those who clearly are less connected and receptive to new nearby sites. 相似文献
3.
The attempted Quality of Life Enhancement program appeared to be a novel method for creating a symbiotic and sustainable relationship between a large Southeastern university and local nursing home and assisted living facilities (ALF), through which ALF residents would attend university arts and sporting events. During implementation, it was discovered that this project was unsustainable, undesired, unneeded by many care centers, difficult to implement, and required a dedicated and specialized staff. After attempting to enroll 14 local care facilities, only 2 were interested in becoming involved and produced 5 eligible participants. During the program itself, coordination with facilities and residents was difficult to maintain and unique transportation and accommodation needs were challenging to overcome. Finally, data collection was time consuming and generally unfruitful. Ultimately the project was discontinued after a year of attempted recruitment and implementation of inclusive changes to protocol. While creating an ongoing relationship with local care facilities and local universities may enhance opportunities for residents and research into important areas, such relationships take time, effort, and specialized staff to maintain. 相似文献
4.
大绍兴(也称绍北地区)交通方便、城镇密集、人口众多,是绍兴市的政治、经济、文化和科技中心所在地,也是宁绍平原西部的一个重要经济增长极。2013年国务院批准了绍兴市部分行政区划调整方案,使绍北地区迈入了大绍兴建设的新阶段。鉴于行政区划调整的必要性,行政区划调整对大绍兴建设意义重大,大绍兴规划建设可从优化产业结构,构划综合交通设施,提升城市管理水平等方面着手,以促进大绍兴地区持续协调发展。 相似文献
5.
随着补贴退坡和双积分等重要政策接连出台,中国新能源汽车发展进入新时代。2017年,私人购买量大幅上升到41%,汽车动力电池行业集中度上升,三元电池装机占比显著增加到44%,车桩比有所下降。双积分政策在2017年正式出台,加上国家和地方补贴的进一步退坡,新能源汽车产业加速从政策驱动过渡为市场驱动阶段。但私人消费需求还有待进一步激发,电池等关键零部件的核心技术仍需突破,充电设施的建设与运营面临挑战。双积分和补贴退坡等重要政策实施后,中国汽车行业格局将发生深刻变化。从政策支持与行业发展来看,燃料电池汽车及电动汽车智能化融合发展将是今后重要的发展方向。 相似文献
6.
智能建筑物业管理存在的问题及其对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对智能建筑物业管理在实践中存在的问题进行分析,提出发展我国智能建筑物业管理的对策. 相似文献
7.
以往的救灾实践对建立国家血液战略储备体系提出了迫切要求。国家血液战略储备库的建设问题亟待解决。由于血液产品特性以及应急血液保障特性的存在,使得国家血液战略储备库的选址决策具有一定的复杂性。本文将问题定位为选址-库存问题。首先,以应急条件下血液保障及时度最高为目标,构建了一个不确定环境下考虑多情景、多血型、多阶段、带提前期、有容量限制、日常随机需求、有预算约束及协同定位的国家血液战略储备库选址-库存模型。同时,为了规避应急条件下的不确定风险,进一步构建了国家血液战略储备库选址-库存问题的随机p-鲁棒优化模型。该模型为离散非线性混合整数规划模型,难以快速精确求解。故基于模型性质,设计了相应的遗传算法。最后,设计了两组算例验证模型与算法的有效性。其中,第1组算例基于我国大陆地区31个省级血液中心与省级行政区的数据,并根据不同预算值给出6个算例,得到了国家血液战略储备库的选址-库存决策方案。第2组算例为6个不同规模的模拟算例,用来测试不同规模下的算法性能。算例结果表明:遗传算法的性能更好;鲁棒解与确定性模型最优值相差不大(最大差距≤1.08%),可降低不确定性导致的风险。实践中,可对本文所建模型稍作改进,应用于具有类似特征的易腐品(药品、粮食等)应急物资储备库选址-库存决策。 相似文献
8.
周金平 《广东工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2004,4(Z1):90-91
文章介绍了在"设施规划与物流分析"课程教学中采用的比喻方法搬运与设施规划、布置方法与学生座位排序以及在制品库存与队伍行军的三个比喻,并形象地解释了本课程的难点. 相似文献
9.
基于合作博弈的易腐性产品运输设施选择的费用分配 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
易腐性产品的价值会随着时间而损失,运输易腐性产品时,客户除了支付运输费用外还需要承担产品的价值损失。本文把易腐性产品的价值损失和运输费用之和作为总费用,应用合作博弈理论,把易腐性产品的运输设施选择的费用分配问题构造成费用分配博弈,证明了在易腐性产品线性价值损失的情况下,运输设施选择博弈的核心非空,且为子模博弈,并讨论核仁、夏普利值、τ-值等解。论文最后讨论了有约束运输的设施选择的费用分配博弈的解的情况,说明其核心也许为空,并提出了进一步研究的方向。 相似文献
10.
一种基于闭排队网络的集装箱码头设备配置优化模型 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
将集装箱码头龙门吊装卸工艺抽象为闭排队网络模型,采用估算均值法计算了顾客到达和服务时间分布为一般情况的闭排队网络系统性能指标.仿真结果表明,闭排队网络模型计算结果可以为集装箱码头设备配置提供一定的决策支持. 相似文献