溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2及其光催化降解甲醛的研究

用溶胶-凝胶合成纳米TiO2光催化剂．并在其悬浮体系中对甲醛进行光催化降解实验，考察了溶胶一凝胶法中酸量、乙醇量和热处理温度等对甲醛降解活性的影响．结果表明．溶胶一凝胶法制备的TiO2具有很好的光催化降解甲醛活性．最佳的制备条件是钛酸丁醋；乙醇：盐酸：水=20ml：80ml；3．5ml：l0ml，煅烧温度550℃。     

脲醛树脂合成的改进与改性

本文通过研究酸性条件下尿素与甲醛的反应,提出了一种脲醛树脂胶的合成新方法,同时加入ＰＶＡ对树脂进行改性。这样,可缩短反应时间,节约能源,降低脲醛树脂中游离甲醛含量,提高了树脂的耐水性     

新型硫脲-甲醛螯合树脂的合成及吸附性能

以硫脲和甲醛为原料 ,合成了一种新型的螯合树脂 .测定了树脂对 1 1种金属离子的吸附容量和对某些金属离子的吸附率 .实验发现 ,树脂对某些贵金属离子有较高的吸附容量和吸附率     

纺织品的甲醛问题及其控制

本文主要通过纺织品甲醛含量测定实验——水萃取法分析说明了其释放机理为自由释放、阻隔性释放和化学性释放三方面,以及影响纺织品甲醛释放的因素:甲醛与纤维的吸附与解吸、湿度、织物组织结构等;并对影响纺织品甲醛含量测试结果的因素进行了分析,提出了国内外关于纺织品甲醛控制的措施.     

一种简捷快速测定棉织物释放甲醛含量的方法

在棉织物释放甲醛含量的测定中，应用微波加热进行试样萃取，取得了良好效果。     

Use of Biological Markers in Risk Assessment1

Measurements of intermediate end points in the carcinogenic process may reduce uncertainty in human risk assessment from bioassay data, by identifying sources of interspecies variation and dose nonlinearity. This paper describes desirable properties of such markers: persistence, predictive power, temporal relevance, and consistency across dose rate and species. We illustrate these properties by evaluating markers for squamous cell nasal carcinoma in rodents exposed to formaldehyde. We also discuss design issues for bioassays that evaluate markers and tumors simultaneously at necropsy.     

Uncertainties in Biologically-Based Modeling of Formaldehyde-Induced Respiratory Cancer Risk: Identification of Key Issues

In a series of articles and a health-risk assessment report, scientists at the CIIT Hamner Institutes developed a model (CIIT model) for estimating respiratory cancer risk due to inhaled formaldehyde within a conceptual framework incorporating extensive mechanistic information and advanced computational methods at the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic levels. Several regulatory bodies have utilized predictions from this model; on the other hand, upon detailed evaluation the California EPA has decided against doing so. In this article, we study the CIIT model to identify key biological and statistical uncertainties that need careful evaluation if such two-stage clonal expansion models are to be used for extrapolation of cancer risk from animal bioassays to human exposure. Broadly, these issues pertain to the use and interpretation of experimental labeling index and tumor data, the evaluation and biological interpretation of estimated parameters, and uncertainties in model specification, in particular that of initiated cells. We also identify key uncertainties in the scale-up of the CIIT model to humans, focusing on assumptions underlying model parameters for cell replication rates and formaldehyde-induced mutation. We discuss uncertainties in identifying parameter values in the model used to estimate and extrapolate DNA protein cross-link levels. The authors of the CIIT modeling endeavor characterized their human risk estimates as "conservative in the face of modeling uncertainties." The uncertainties discussed in this article indicate that such a claim is premature.     

甲基紫-溴酸钾褪色光度法测定微量甲醛

在稀硫酸溶液中,甲醛对溴酸钾氧化甲基紫褪色反应有催化作用,研究了其动力学条件,建立了新的测定痕量甲醛的褪色光度分析方法,线性范围为0.2～5.0μg/mL.该法用于啤酒、饮料及漆料中微量甲醛的测定,标准加入回收率为95.6～104.8%,RSD为1.8～4.4%.     

Potential Exposure and Cancer Risk from Formaldehyde Emissions from Installed Chinese Manufactured Laminate Flooring

Lumber Liquidators (LL) Chinese‐manufactured laminate flooring (CLF) has been installed in >400,000 U.S. homes over the last decade. To characterize potential associated formaldehyde exposures and cancer risks, chamber emissions data were collected from 399 new LL CLF, and from LL CLF installed in 899 homes in which measured aggregate indoor formaldehyde concentrations exceeded 100 μg/m³ from a total of 17,867 homes screened. Data from both sources were combined to characterize LL CLF flooring‐associated formaldehyde emissions from new boards and installed boards. New flooring had an average (±SD ) emission rate of 61.3 ± 52.1 μg/m²‐hour; >one‐year installed boards had ∼threefold lower emission rates. Estimated emission rates for the 899 homes and corresponding data from questionnaires were used as inputs to a single‐compartment, steady‐state mass‐balance model to estimate corresponding residence‐specific TWA formaldehyde concentrations and potential resident exposures. Only ∼0.7% of those homes had estimated acute formaldehyde concentrations >100 μg/m³ immediately after LL CLF installation. The TWA daily formaldehyde inhalation exposure within the 899 homes was estimated to be 17 μg/day using California Proposition 65 default methods to extrapolate cancer risk (below the regulation “no significant risk level” of 40 μg/day). Using a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency linear cancer risk model, 50th and 95th percentile values of expected lifetime cancer risk for residents of these homes were estimated to be 0.33 and 1.2 per 100,000 exposed, respectively. Based on more recent data and verified nonlinear cancer risk assessment models, LL CLF formaldehyde emissions pose virtually no cancer risk to affected consumers.     

改性三醛胶的研究进展

综述木材胶粘剂的国内现状,介绍了脲醛胶、三聚氰胺-甲醛胶、酚醛胶传统胶种的性质及其低醛改性研究进展,指出了我国木材加工领域用三醛胶存在的问题和发展趋势.