Incumbent capability enhancement in response to radical innovations

Schumpeterian market disequilibrium marked by entrepreneurial entry and incumbent exit has long held an important place in management literature. The extant literature has overwhelmingly championed the newcomer, despite incumbents' obvious advantages in resources, experience and market knowledge. The current research provides evidence for the effectiveness of the incumbent's strategy of capability enhancement (along an established technological trajectory) while responding to radical technological innovations. We develop a cognitive process model that integrates managerial cognition with capability development and deployment views, depicting the dynamics of the incumbent's capability enhancement process. We analyze the cognitive drivers of organizational actions in all stages (rigidity, triggering event, and capability renewal) and elucidate the role of top management cognition in the processes of detecting and correcting errors in a strategic course of action. We ground our model in the case of a cork-stopper industry veteran's decline as corks ceded ground to screw tops and other stoppers in the wine industry. How a major company fought back in response to the emergence of these, in the industry context, radical technological innovations, provides the basis for our narrative. The proposed theoretical model contributes to literature on technology management (with regard to incumbent strategies in response to radical innovation threats) as well as the role of cognition in strategy (providing an explanation of the cognitive underpinnings of capability development).     

“I feel and think,therefore I am”: An Affect-Cognitive Theory of management decisions

I propose an Affect-Cognitive Theory to comprehensively understand how decisions occur in organizations. To this aim, I first review the assumptions of sensemaking and decision-making streams of research, especially the influence of bounded rationality, affective states and their relationships with cognition; then, I integrate them on the common basis of socially situated cognition. This new theory emphasizes the role of affective states in determining/being determined by cognition and its errors, pointing out decision makers’ affect as the result of multi-level adaptations to the physical and social environment. Management decisions are path dependent but not immutable; they, indeed, bank on the predominant feeling resulting from the modifying interactions and regulations of decision makers with their physical and social environment. Here, decision makers are proposed as “emotional cognizers” overcoming the thinking-feeling dichotomy that has often featured in the study of management decisions. This theory is beneficial for behavioral strategy, offering the needed assumptions to intertwine human cognition, emotions, and social behavior.     

对建构主义教学观的几点认识

围绕建构主义教学观与传统教学观、建构主义教学策略、建构主义教学模式等几个方面 ,就数学教学谈了对建构主义教学观的几点认识     

论非理性因素在认识中的作用

非理性因素作为主体认识结构中的一个恒常性要素，对主体的认识活动具有非常重要的作用。情感、意志、需求等非理性因素对认识活动起着选择、调节控制和驱动的作用，直觉、灵感等非理性因素对认识的发展起突破和创造的作用。把握非理性因素在认识中的作用，有助于我们深入理解认识过程的内在机制。     

对欠发达地区农村信用社运行效率的分析

农村信用社改革及其运行效率是当前中国金融界的一个重要课题,农村信用社运行效率的高低依赖于改革的主导力量及其模式的具体选择。中国农村信用社已经历了多次在政府主导下进行的反反复复的体制性变迁,产权制度及治理结构问题未能得到有效解决,其运行效率较低。结合在江西若干县(区)的调查,对欠发达地区农村信用社运行效率进行了分析,并提出了提升农村信用社运行效率的对策建议。     

试论美术文化中的技术理性

无论从劳动产品的角度看,还是从社会的角度看,技术都是理性的表现;产品的生产过程,是一种技术展现的过程,即生产者的个性标记通过技术展现的过程,因此,技术本身也具有理性。理性的技术促进了人类社会的发展。     

试论国有企业经理控制权

本文旨在分析国有企业改革过程中形成的经理控制权问题。首先从现代契约经济学的角度对作为现代企业经理行为约束因素的经理控制权进行分析 ,在此基础上 ,考察了国有企业经理控制权的特征及其对国有企业发展带来的非效率影响 ,然后对如何规范国有企业经理控制权这一问题提出了几点建议     

浅议大学生道德认知与道德行为失衡现象

大学生在人与自然的关系、人与社会的关系、人与人的关系以及自身修养等方面普遍存在着道德认知与道德行为的失衡现象,这种失衡严重影响了大学生的全面发展,对此要给予足够的重视,认真地加以研究和解决。     

文化认知与汉英文化专有词目等值释义

汉英双语词典中文化专有词目的等值释义,应当从文化认知出发,分析词目民族文化信息特征,全面揭示文化专有词所隐含的文化信息,采用适当的词语结构和词义表达方式;并因词而异地采取借用和仿造手段,解决目的语中因文化缺项所造成的词语缺项问题,从而促进词语的创新和文化的交流,提高双语词典的释义质量。     

农户种植业风险及其认知比较研究

通过对浙江、上海、山东、湖北和安徽五个不同地区660户农户实地访问调查资料的分析发现:目前我国农户从事种植业生产经营的风险主要来源于气候等自然因素、农产品市场价格和农业生产资料价格;农户更关注农产品产量而非市场价格波动;在地区和作物层面上,具有不同生产特征和家庭特征的农户对种植业生产经营风险的认知具有一定的差异性;目前农户弱化种植业风险主要倾向于依靠自身的力量而较少依靠农业保险、农业组织及政府等外部力量。政府需要从完善信息发布体系、加强对农资市场管理、促进农村合作经济组织及农业保险的发展等方面入手,提高农户弱化生产经营风险的能力。