Institutional evolution and abrupt change: Reforming the administration of social assistance in Finland

Historical institutionalist studies have explained institutional change as resulting from critical junctures that interrupt long periods of stability or from endogenous, incremental evolution. Building on these theories, discursive institutionalists have focused on the roles of agency, ideas and discourse as explainers of change. Combining these approaches, this article analyses Finland’s decision in 2014 to transfer the administration of basic social assistance from municipalities to the central government. This study demonstrates that institutional change can be both abrupt and evolutionary. Due to sudden, exceptional political circumstances, the decision in question was made quickly and under pressure, circumventing possible veto players. However, it was possible only because of the incremental, endogenous change that had occurred in the way in which social assistance was administered at the municipal level. It enabled a change in political discourse, which eroded the credibility of the ideational frames that policy actors had previously utilised to reject the centralised model.     

一种嵌入式GUI软件结构实现方案

综合比较了嵌入式GUI的几种实现方式,结合嵌入式系统的特点,研究了嵌入式GUI中的关键技术,分析了嵌入式GUI与普通GUI系统的不同之处,提出一种通用的嵌入式图形用户界面系统的设计思想和体系结构,这种嵌入式GUI实现方案具有轻型、占用资源少、可剪裁等特点。     

手机短信诈骗及治理对策

随着手机短信业务的发展，利用手机短信进行诈骗的现象也频繁发生。短信诈骗行为的泛滥，不仅严重侵犯了人们的财产权益，而且破坏了正常的社会经济秩序。为有效预防和遏制手机短信诈骗，应强化监管和打击，建立和完善手机号码实名制和储蓄实名制，加强宣传教育，多管齐下，进行综合治理。     

解码理论在日语听力理解中的运用

在日语学习中,因受语言环境和学习方法的限制,听力被认为是提高日语水平和成绩的一大难关。作者遵循听觉系统中听力的解码理论,以一年一度的国际日本语能力测试题为例,提出并具体分析了提高日语听力的三种模式———预测法、捕捉法和贯穿法,并指出运用这些技巧时应注意的几个问题。期望学习者能克服心理障碍,讲究科学的方法,把这些模式积极运用到平时的训练和测试中去,以此来提高日语听力水平和成绩。     

短信文学的文化意义“怎么估计也不过分”吗——与马相武教授商榷

马相武教授的《短信文学的文化意义》夸大了短信文学的社会文化意义,离学理和事实甚远。假如我们看不到文学降低高度所潜藏的弊端,以为“文学能够降低自己的门槛”就任其降低门槛,甚至还鼓吹“文学需要降低自己的门槛”,那就很有可能得不偿失了。一方面,我们必须注意到潜藏于新技术背后的商业力量；另一方面,我们必须竭力避免走入“技术万能论”的心理误区。倘若把“文学本身”进入“一个新的发展时代”寄托在“新技术和新载体”上,那么,虽然不能说完全是梦想,但仍不免让人感到有些悲哀。     

Windows编程中的面向对象技术

Windows编程是事件驱动的交互程序设计方法虽然以动态链接库的方式提供了大量的API函数但是用户界面难以实现并且重用性维护性和扩充性较差面向对象的思想和技术为Windows提供了许多基本用户界面对象如窗口各种控件等针对面向对象技术的特点结合Windows编程的优势给出了Windows应用程序的用户界面的实现方法结果表明程序交互性好而且便于重用维护和扩充     

基于客户/服务器模式的非正常RPC的研究

分析了客户／服务器模式下远程过程调用(RPC)原理及其实现方法，重点讨论了五种非正常情况下RPC的处理方法。     

习近平外交话语英译的叙事建构 ——以《论坚持推动建构人类命运共同体》为例

作为习近平外交专著,《论坚持推动建构人类命运共同体》集中体现了新时代中国特色社会主义外交思想,全面体现了习近平外交叙事风格。以莫娜·贝克的叙事学概念为基础对习近平外交话语及英译进行分析,既能凸显译者作为翻译主体的作用和功效,又有助于中国外交叙事的建构。通过叙事策略的运作,包括建构时空、选择性采用文本素材、建构标示以及再定位人物事件,译文重构了习近平外交话语的本体叙事、公共叙事、概念叙事以及元叙事。同时,叙事学与外交翻译的结合不仅拓宽叙事学学科领域,为外交话语研究提供新视角,而且为完成既定的翻译使命提供了新的路径参考。保持政治上的高度、揣摩文化上的深度、把握思维上的向度以及巧用技能上的广度都成为译者顺利完成叙事建构的重要因素。     

Never easy to say “sorry”: Exploring the interplay of crisis involvement,brand image,and message appeal in developing effective corporate apologies

This study examines how the interplay among crisis involvement, brand image, and message appeal impacts the effectiveness of an apology in the context of a corporate crisis. To determine apology effectiveness, a 2 (crisis involvement: high vs. low) × 2 (brand image: symbolic vs. functional) × 2 (message appeal type: emotional vs. informational) experimental design was employed. The results demonstrate that the three-way interaction is significant, especially in the low-crisis involvement condition. The study concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research.     

Searching for the “Sleeping Giant”: Racialized News Coverage of Latinos Pre-2020 Elections

Latinos are often thought as potential game changers in the political world in the United States. As the media discusses and analyzes the 2016 election and the path to the 2020 elections, narratives on the role of Latinos leading up to the 2020 election have started to emerge. In this article, I seek to examine how U.S. daily newspapers frame the role of Latinos in the 2016 election and leading up to the 2020 elections. Previous literature has focused on the racialized media coverage of African American politicians and the effects of racial priming; however, extant literature has not explored how Latinos are framed in U.S. media when it comes to electoral politics. Using a sample of newspaper articles from the New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Washington Post, and Wall Street Journal, I found that newspapers largely focus on the demographic changes while operating under various assumptions about those changes. First, newspapers frame Latinos as more likely to vote for a politician if they are Latino. Second, they construct Latinos as a monolithic ethnoracial group that has simplistic interests in immigration. Third, Latino voters and African American voters are often lumped into the same category when discussing mobilization. These narratives continue a tradition of framing Latinos in monolithic ways, while also showing slight departures from previous narratives.