论公路客运承运人对旅客伤亡的损害赔偿责任

通过把《合同法》有关承运人对旅客伤亡的损害赔偿责任之规定与公路客运实践相结合的办法 ,论述公路客运承运人的义务和相应法律责任 ,达到对公路运输企业以启迪的目的     

客运专线运营对区域经济的影响

铁路客运专线的运营将提高干线的客货运输能力,降低社会运输总成本,带动高新产业发展,节约旅行时间,带动第三产业的发展等.本文建立了数学模型,以秦沈客运专线为例进行了定量分析,为客运专线的规划提供参考依据.     

冲突视角下运输订单商业竞争战略研究

运用图模型理论研究冲突视角下中欧班列运营过程中运输订单商业竞争战略,构建“渝新欧”班列运营商、“苏满欧”班列运营商和昆山IT企业之间的商业竞争冲突模型。利用TOPSIS法评估班列的运输效率,确定决策者偏好,通过计算均衡解获得符合各决策者利益的理性对策。借助灵敏度分析研究决策者偏好改变对模型冲突结果的影响。研究表明:在竞争中,运输效率较低的一方可以通过降低价格弥补自身劣势而获得订单;运输效率较高的一方只有通过降价才能获得订单。该研究为班列运营商提供利益冲突中的商业竞争战略,能为顾客企业选择高效合理的运输线路提供有效的战略决策,同时亦能为宏观调控者规范市场、提高市场运输效率提供有效的政策启示。     

Identifying Changing Aviation Threat Environments Within an Adaptive Homeland Security Advisory System

A critical component of aviation security consists of screening passengers and baggage to protect airports and aircraft from terrorist threats. Advancements in screening device technology have increased the ability to detect these threats; however, specifying the operational configurations of these devices in response to changes in the threat environment can become difficult. This article proposes to use Fisher information as a statistical measure for detecting changes in the threat environment. The perceived risk of passengers, according to prescreening information and behavior analysis, is analyzed as the passengers sequentially enter the security checkpoint. The alarm responses from the devices used to detect threats are also analyzed to monitor significant changes in the frequency of threat items uncovered. The key results are that this information‐based measure can be used within the Homeland Security Advisory System to indicate changes in threat conditions in real time, and provide the flexibility of security screening detection devices to responsively and automatically adapt operational configurations to these changing threat conditions.     

利益分析视角下的公路班线客运集约化发展研究

公路班线客运集约化改革的难点在于利益关系的协调。在广泛调研和深入访谈的基础上，结合班线客运发展历程及现状，从利益分析的视角剖析了政府、企业、个体之间的利益诉求、利益冲突及利益博弈的内在机理，指出挂靠关系下企业与个体之间的利益争夺是集约化发展难以推进的根源。研究提出以当前利益分配格局为均衡点的“实收配股”集约化发展改革方案，同时强调政府应转变职能定位、完善相关政策，防止形成市场封锁或垄断。     

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Entrance Assessment Model Through Air Passenger Violations

This article aims to construct a risk model for the prediction of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) entrance caused by passengers who illegally carry meat products of cloven-hoofed animals through international airports into a country. The risk that meat contaminated with the FMD virus is formulated as the probabilities of FMD factor events (the prevalence of FMD), the commodity factor event (the transportation, storage, and distribution (TSD) factor event), and the passenger event. Data used for analysis were records of illegal meat product carriers from areas A and B intercepted at an international airport in Taiwan. A risk model was proposed to simulate the probability distributions in disease prevalence, probability of FMD virus existing in the meat products after meat processing, and estimation of survival of virus and time period for TSD. The probability of the passenger event was hypothesized with the odds of intercepted passengers and estimated via logistic regression. The results showed that the odds of passengers being intercepted by beagles were higher than those intercepted by Customs. By conducting Monte Carlo simulations, the probability of FMD virus risk caused by FMD factors from area A was 149 times lower than that from area B. The probability of FMD virus risk caused by the passenger event from area A was four times lower than the corresponding probability from area B. The model provides a contribution to FMD prevention and can be a reference for developing models of other diseases.     

中国最早出现的外国邮戳

鸦片战争前,澳门和广州是中国重要的通商口岸和中西文化交流中心。葡萄牙和英国为满足邮政通信的需求,在两地非法建立了最早的外国邮局,并使用了最早的外国邮戳。外国邮戳在中国经历了多次变化,它既反映了外国侵略中国邮权政策的转变,又为深入研究清代中外关系提供了宝贵资料。     

不确定性分析与风险分析在铁路投资项目中的应用

不确定性分析与风险分析是铁路投资项目可行性研究的重要组成部分,了解项目所承受的各种风险,有助于提高投资决策的可靠性,提高投资项目的风险防范能力。基于概率分析的定量风险分析为铁路项目的可行性研究提供了一个非常有效的风险分析工具。本文在深入分析铁路投资项目风险因素的基础上,重点阐述了蒙特卡洛模拟的方法、步骤和在铁路项目中的应用。结果表明该方法在铁路项目投资决策中具有较高的实用价值。     

昆明市公路客运枢纽换乘网络分析与评价

为了合理评估昆明市公路客运枢纽换乘网络的运营效率,在考虑城市综合客运枢纽功能及乘客换乘行为特征的基础上,系统分析了昆明公路客运枢纽换乘网络的要素与形态。通过乘客问卷调查采集实际数据,综合利用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法,建立城市综合客运枢纽换乘网络的评价指标体系与评价模型,并对昆明市五大客运站运营效率进行评估,结果表明五大客运枢纽换乘效率均处于＂一般＂水平,在此基础上提出相应的换乘网络优化对策。     

湘西州公路客运行业发展的问题及对策

公路客运业属社会公共服务行业。湘西州公路客运行业历经改革开放20余年的发展,有了长足的进步,较好解决了人民群众乘车难的问题,基本建立了较为完善的客运市场监管体系,反映了湘西州社会经济发展水平。由于历史的原因,湘西州公路客运行业发展还面临着诸多问题,还不能充分满足社会和人民群众对公路客运行业新的更高需求。