多供应商—单制造商—多经销商的供应链协同度研究

目前,针对供应链协同度的分析主要集中在单制造商与单供应商之间,为将协同度问题更为一般化,现将供应链协同问题扩展到多供应商、单制造商与多经销商情景中.基于供应链整体运营效率的角度,以制造商为主导,从多经销商、单制造商、多供应商与供应链稳定性四个维度构建供应链协同发展指标体系,将评价指标作为供应链子系统的序参量,运用协同学理论的有序度方法分析供应链子系统的协同性及供应链整体系统的协同度.实例分析说明评价指标体系和协同模型的有效性和可行性,针对协同测度结果提出了供应链系统的协同发展对策.     

Investment in Shared Suppliers: Effect of Learning,Spillover, and Competition

We investigate the optimal strategies for firms to invest in their suppliers when the benefits of such investments can spillover to other firms who also source from the same suppliers. We consider two Bayesian firms that can invest in improving the quality of their shared supplier; the firms do not have complete information on the true quality of the supplier, but they update their beliefs based on the supplier's performance. We formulate the problem as an investment game and obtain Markov perfect equilibria characterized by the investment thresholds of both firms. The equilibrium investment strategies of the two firms are characterized by a region of preemption and a region of war of attrition. We also examine how the interplay between spillover, competition, and returns from the investment at shared suppliers affect the investment threshold and the time to the leader's investment, and identify the conditions under which competition delays or hastens the first investment in a shared supplier.     

城市中低收入阶层住房财政补贴的合理方式与模型研究

经济适用房属优效型公共物品,现行补贴方式存在多种弊端,补贴到人的补贴方式才是对中低收入阶层进行住房补贴的合理选择。实施“人头式”补贴应组织专家建立合理的补贴模型,还应建立监督制衡机制和公示制度等。     

考虑进口配额的跨国供应商选择与订单分配模糊多目标优化决策

针对跨国供应商选择与订单分配问题,在考虑进口配额限制和需求不确定的情境下,构建了一个实现核心制造商利润最大化和供应商交货质量最大化的模糊多目标混合整数规划模型。该模型考虑汇率、关税等多个全球因素,采用一种交互式模糊多目标规划方法对模型进行求解,并应用一个算例进行验证。研究表明:1.存在进口配额限制时,制造商会优先考虑低成本高质量的海外供应商,达到配额限制后再选择本土供应商补充剩余订单;2.人民币汇率正向影响制造商海外采购。当人民币汇率上升时,制造商进口成本降低,其会将更多订单分配给海外供应商;3.关税负向影响制造商海外采购。当关税上升时,制造商会减少关税高的供应商的进口数量,选择替代供应商来满足其需求。由此获得如下管理启示:1,制造商企业在选择跨国供应商时,应重点关注本国的进口配额政策,使供应商多样化以减少针对单一供应商配额政策剧烈波动对制造商采购成本和企业利润的不利影响。2.汇率时刻都在变动,制造商企业应关注本国和供应商所在国的长期汇率政策以及短期突发事件对汇率的影响,及时调整订单分配决策。3.制造商企业在选择供应商时,需要对供应商所在国的短期和中长期关税政策进行综合评估。     

基于HTFWGBM算子的供应商选择模型研究

由于供应商选择中的的复杂性与不确定性以及人类认知的有限性，从而导致信息融合失真和决策结果不准确的情况。针对决策属性以犹豫三角模糊数（HTFN）给出的供应商的选择问题，本文提出一种基于HTFGWBM算子的决策算法。首先，针对犹豫三角模糊数和几何Bonferroni平均算子理论，分别定义了犹豫三角模糊几何Bonferroni平均（HTFGBM）算子和犹豫三角模糊几何加权Bonferroni平均（HTFGWBM）算子，同时分别研究了算子的幂等性，置换不变性，单调性和有界性等性质。其次，基于HTFGWBM算子构建新型犹豫多属性决策模型，结合HTFN排序方法进行备选供应商排序。最后通过算南水北调中线工程中的供应商选择实例证明了决策模型的可行性与有效性。结果表明，通过调整模型参数，模型具有一定的延展性和容错能力，能够很好的进行科学决策。     

体育公共产品供给主体变迁的新制度经济学分析

体育公共产品供给主体的变迁是在相关组织的有效性、交易费用的大小、技术的先进程度、人们体育偏好的变化、大型体育事件和其他制度安排变迁的影响下,体育公共产品供给主体之间第一层博弈和供给主体与需求者之间第二层博弈相互影响的结果。变迁的主要方式包括强制性变迁、非强制性变迁以及两者的结合。     

Inventory Systems with Unreliable Suppliers

The aim of this article is to establish the optimal control of a periodic-review inventory system with two suppliers. One of them delivers orders immediately, the other one is unreliable delivering the orders immediately only with probability p ∈ (0, 1). Two cases are considered. In the first case, it is possible to order any inventory amount from each of suppliers. In the second case, the system budget is restricted.     

Drivers and Enablers That Foster Environmental Management Capabilities in Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Suppliers in Supply Chains

The limited capabilities and resources available within many small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises frequently hamper an effective response to environmental pressures, which in turn hurts large buying firms (i.e., customers). Using a case study method with multiple suppliers of two large buying firms, we mapped factors that initiated and improved environmental capabilities in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises over time. Through several specific mechanisms, buyers' green supply chain management initiated and then enabled the improvement of suppliers' environmental capabilities. Independent of buyers, internal championing of environmental concerns also provided an impetus for small‐ and medium‐sized enterprise suppliers to acquire resources outside the supply chain. Thus, synergistic linkages emerged in supportive buyer‐supplier relationships, resource acquisition, and capability development. When these findings are combined with earlier research on larger suppliers, an integrative framework emerges that provides direction for suppliers, buyers, and public agencies seeking to improve environmental performance.     

An inventory model with random discount offerings

We consider an inventory model in which a supplier makes deal offers with random discount prices at random points in time. Assuming that discount offerings follow a Poisson process and discount price is a discrete random variable with a known distribution, we propose a continuous-review control policy for the model and derive optimality conditions for the policy parameters. The model is then extended to the case of multiple suppliers that offer discount deals with supplier-specific Poisson processes and discount prices. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate cost savings due to discount offers.     

连带责任治理在供应商集群中的有效性研究

在核心企业与供应商集群的渠道关系情境下探讨连带责任治理对机会主义行为的作用,将网络中心性和使用渠道权力纳入连带责任治理研究框架,考察二者对机会主义行为的影响以及对连带责任与机会主义行为之间关系的调节效应。以一家出口企业的供应商集群为研究对象,获得82个连带责任小组样本共246个被调查者的调查数据,应用SPSS 19．0软件和层级回归法对研究假设进行检验。研究结果表明,供应商之间的连带责任对其机会主义行为有显著的抑制作用;供应商领导者的网络中心性负向影响其他供应商成员的机会主义行为,并强化连带责任对机会主义行为的抑制作用;核心企业通过使用渠道权力负向影响供应商集群的机会主义行为,但会弱化连带责任对机会主义行为的抑制作用。