近现代中国人观念现代化的历史进程与启示

近现代中国,观念现代化经历了鸦片战争以后的三次思想解放和启蒙阶段,五四运动以后马克思主义广泛传播和新民主主义革命时期的深化阶段。它给我们留下了深刻的启示。     

Consumer trust repair: A critical literature review

Consumers are fundamental to organisational functioning and survival. Their loyalty, commitment, product acceptance and good long-term relationships with firms and brands are underpinned by their trust. Unfortunately, over the last decade or so, we have witnessed some of the more spectacular violations of consumer trust in the history of business. This has led to negative consequences, such as loss of competitive advantage, rage, lack of commitment and decrease in turnover. Consequently, study of trust repair has become an important theoretical concern for a growing number of trust scholars. This article reviews and synthesises existing theory and research on the topic. It first sketches general characteristics of the consumer trust repair literature, including its meta-theoretical underpinning. It then identifies specific strategies associated with consumer trust repair and synthesises them into five categories of trust repair strategies. In addition, this paper highlights theoretical processes that explain why/how trust repair strategies work. Third, the paper proposes six fruitful avenues for future research. This study contributes to the field of consumer trust repair research by critically reviewing and synthesising emerging theory and research on strategies associated with consumer trust repair, by showing why and how these strategies work and by identifying most fruitful research areas.     

基于概念隐喻理论的二语词汇自主学习研究?

隐喻作为一种思维方式被广泛接受,这种思维方式正逐渐被应用在语言教学领域。本文从概念隐喻理论出发,探索在二语中如何充分利用隐喻,将词义从“具体”到“抽象”、从“中心义”向“相关义”投射来自主习得词汇,倡导在概念隐喻理论的框架下结合显性和隐性的教学实践手段,通过培养隐喻能力和文化意识全面帮助学习者提高自主学习二语词汇的能力。     

概念整合视角下的英汉死亡委婉语对比研究

作为一种新兴的认知语言学理论,心理空间和概念整合理论为人类了解自身的认知机能提供了一种全新的思路。英汉两种语言均含有丰富的委婉语,这体现出人类对某些事物认知上的相似性,但在这一相似性的掩盖下,两者又有明显的差异。以Fauconn ier&Turner提出的概念整合理论为视角,力图探索出英汉死亡委婉语中存在的不同概念整合机制。     

多空间概念整合模型和古诗词中声音意象的英译

Fauconnier提出的四空间概念整合模型只是相对的,其中间空间可能成为下一个环节上的输入空间,产生新的合成空间和新的类属空间,从而完成整个语篇的意义合成。译者在理解汉语古诗词声音意象的过程中,可以通过创建四空间概念整合模型,在此基础上拓展的七空间概念整合模型、十一空间概念整合模型,分别建构出声音意象的字面意义、联想意义和多重意义;在表达的过程中,译者可以创建四空间概念整合模型,通过分析原文空间的元素与译者空间的元素是否存在对应关系以及原文空间和译者空间的元素在译文空间的投射情况,采取对译法、直译法、意译法、直译+意译法在译文空间合成译文,使得译文在译入语读者脑海中激活与原文读者脑海中类似的联想,从而产生相同的感受。     

幽默言语认知心理机制的关联及整合

集中于幽默言语本质研究的诸多理论在阐释幽默产生和消解的底层认知运作机制时都表现出了一定的局限性,而两大认知理论——关联理论和概念整合理论给言语幽默解读的心理过程提供了较好的认知模型。关联理论认为对幽默言语理解的心理认知机制来自于寻求幽默的认知语境的最佳关联及最大关联性与最佳关联性之间的反差。概念整合理论从心理空间映射的角度解释了幽默言语的解读过程还牵涉到概念合成和层创结构。研究表明,两大理论具有互补性,二者的理论整合可以更好地揭示幽默效应的认知心理机制。     

概念整合理论下的英语言语幽默研究

幽默是一种常见普遍的语言现象,充分体现了人类语言的表现力。幽默效果产生的前提是接受者理解了话语的深层意义。美国认知心理学家和语言学家Fauconnier＆Turner提出的概念整合理论,从认知层面解释语言意义的理解过程。阐释该理论的运作机制的同时,结合英语言语幽默的特点,概括出四种网络模型分析英语幽默话语。     

Jia’s The Chinese Version

Abstract

The Chinese Character Simplification Programme of 1955–1957 that remains a national standard by force of law in the People’s Republic of China, not only degraded the aesthetic properties of the Chinese written character, but also hindered literacy by means of a haphazard formal reduction of the number of strokes, and by eliminating two-thirds of characters from the lexicon of those allowed for publication. In The Chinese Version painting series by Jia (b.1979), the artist arranges Chinese characters according to formal rather than semantic criteria, in order to generate by means of their juxtaposition, abstract or figurative patterns. Each character may retain its individual meaning, but not its function as a sequential syntagm. This strategy invests the characters with a formal aspect to ‘return’ that which was mutilated by the Simplification Programme. As the Simplification Programme’s formal changes ended characters’ role as image-signs, the artist’s choice to present each work as a painting alludes to their lost image capacity while appearing to imitate the outward aspect of printed characters, thereby implicitly turning against itself the pretext of character simplification for the sake of efficiency.     

词尾标记-e的消失与英语结构对称性破缺

英语词尾-e的逐渐消亡是语言自身通过放大系统中不对称差异,迫使其低维子系统对称破缺,实际上是依靠概念隐喻以牺牲其结构上的对称美来换取话语的经济效率,用经济的话语表达最充分的信息。而语法化是造成语言内部语法标记和结构渐变的重要原因之一。     

汉语语篇中间接回指的认知研究

本文主要从认知语用的角度来研究汉语短篇小说中间接回指的释义问题。通过结合认知语法的概念参照点模型和关联理论,提出了一套可以综合处理各种间接回指的释义原则。