秦汉时西南地区外来移民的迁徙特点及在边疆开发中的作用

秦汉数百年间,西南地区步入自身发展史上的重要阶段,通过各种途径进入西南地区的外来移民具有鲜明的迁徙特点,他们在促使当地人口增长、支持郡县设置、引进先进技术、传播封建文化、推动边疆开发和疆域形成以及稳定当地局势等历史进程中发挥了重大作用。     

汉代属国兵的特点和历史作用

两汉时期,政府采用属国制度管理归附的少数民族部落,组建性质特殊的属国军队并形成建制,戍守边防。属国兵建制的发展有一个逐渐演变的过程,数量由少增多。它与中原军相比较具有领导制度不尽一致、兵役制度不同、兵种有别等特点。自汉武帝后,属国兵成为汉朝边防线上一支重要的武装力量,不仅巩固了汉代边疆,奠定了中国疆域的基础,有利于当时国家的统一和社会的安定,同时促进了少数民族地区经济、文化的发展和交融,也是汉王朝边防思想和政策在边地的实际运用与体现,给以后历代王朝处理民族问题提供了借鉴和启迪。     

《边城》：废弃的反现代化堡垒

渲泄内心深处被压抑的欲望，摆脱城市文明的压力，是《边城》创作的根本动机。这一动机说明《边城》的创作是一种抵抗，它意味着怀念湘西，更意味着抗拒现代化。在价值的固守与拒绝之间，充满诗情画意的《边城》成了一座没有硝烟的反现代化的战斗堡垒。《边城》凄惨的收尾真实地展示了现代化潮流冲击下的传统社会崩溃的命运，及人性的必然要求和它在现代化历史进程中不可能实现的悲剧，它是唱给残败的湘西的挽歌。在一段轻柔、平和、明快的牧歌般的思乡曲之后，作家背叛了情感，摧毁了“边城”，归依了现代化潮流，撤出了这座废弃的反现代化堡垒而在作品中唱出了抑郁、伤感、凝重的旋律为湘西传统农业社会送葬，实际上宣告了无法抗拒的历史理性对与生俱来的民族情感的一次胜利，也昭示了中华民族捐弃前嫌，为着湘西的重造和民族的新生而热切地呼唤现代化的宁馨儿。“边城”中所有的一切是现代化必然要颠覆甚至是已经颠覆了的。这座毫无科学价值的反现代化堡垒的审美价值在于：它的美学光辉照亮了偏远的湘西边城，照亮了黯然逝去的传统社会，它还将照耀着现代人寻找精神家园，追求人性的复归，直到它永远--因为“现代化”与“反现代化”思潮的冲突的二重性模式永远持续到将来。     

沿边开放与区域经济增长——基于制度变迁的研究

主要关注沿边开放地区的制度变迁对经济增长的影响效应,基于2003—2018年我国8个沿边省份的73个地级城市面板数据,运用双向固定模型、分位数回归、门槛效应模型和中介效应模型进行科学严谨的研究,主要结论有:(1)沿边开放的制度变迁有利于促进区域经济增长,并且在一系列稳健性检验后,该结论仍然成立;(2)分位数回归发现,随着经济增长率分位数点的增加,沿边开放地区的制度变迁对经济增长的促进作用呈现出先变小、再变大的U型特征;(3)门槛效应发现,随着制度质量水平提升,沿边开放地区制度变迁对区域经济增长的作用效果呈现出边际递减的特征;(4)异质性发现,城镇化方面,高城镇化的沿边地区制度变迁促进经济增长的作用大于低城镇化地区。创新水平方面,在高创新水平地区,沿边开放的制度变迁显著促进区域经济增长,而低创新水平地区不显著;(5)中介效应发现,沿边开放地区的制度变迁主要通过外商直接投资和固定资产投资增加,进而促进区域经济增长,其中固定资产投资起到完全中介作用。结论为进一步深化改革开放、加快沿边开放地区发展和构建开放型经济新体制提供一定经验依据和政策支持。     

When work keeps us apart: a thematic analysis of the experience of business travellers

Whilst business travel is deemed important for organisational success and economic outcomes, little is known about the actual process of business travelling from the perspective of individuals who undertake such travel on a regular basis. Thus the current qualitative study examined how business travellers (three women and eight men) attempt to find a balance between work and family, by focusing on how time together and time apart are experienced. The results can be interpreted and framed within work/family border theory in that business travellers' borders are less defined and less permeable, thus requiring them to border-cross more frequently. This necessitates a process of negotiation with key border-keepers (their spouse/partner). Business travellers also undertake compensatory behaviours to make up their time away from family. In order to find a work/family balance, they go through a process of adapting, negotiating and tailoring their lives around their work commitments to alleviate work–life conflict.     

抗战时期陕甘宁边区学前教育建设的经验与启示

抗战时期，陕甘宁边区在中国共产党的领导下进行了独具特色的学前教育建设活动，形成了独特的建设经验，主要包括提供保障措施、建立精简高效的组织架构、注重保教队伍的建设、关爱幼儿的身体健康、开展科学的教育教学工作。重现边区学前教育活动，探寻其成功经验，继承与发扬红色教育精神，对新时期幼儿的培养与培育有积极的现实指导意义。     

论边疆自治州行政管理体制改革目标确立的思路——以文山壮族苗族自治州为个案

边疆自治州行政管理体制改革目标是确定改革内容、明确改革思路、完善行政管理体制的前提,是改革的出发点和归宿。改革目标的确立受多重因素制约,是一个综合考虑各方面因素的过程。以文山壮族苗族自治州为个案,认为边疆自治州行政管理体制改革目标,应该在准确分析改革目标确立存在问题的基础上,以科学的理论为指导,结合特殊的行政生态环境才能进行确立。     

Icons,Itinerary, and Identity: Associations of Boundary and Mobility within the Contemporary US Passport

Regulatory shifts in US border policy set in motion through implementation of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative are concurrent with recent formal and functional changes to the US passport. This article examines these modifications interweaving themes of boundary, mobility, and identity. The study focuses on the tripartite means by which the state employs the passport: as the primary affixer of national identity; as a mediator of contact and mobility across national boundaries; and as a mode for the projection of a certain territorial discourse to its citizenry and ‘others.’ These concepts are developed through an analysis of the narrative and iconic representations contained within the new book itself; material sources from government archives; as well as discussions and interviews with US State Department functionaries closely associated with the design and distribution of the new e-passport. Through the latter examination, a view is afforded into the process by which key state documents are crafted and an inherent tension revealed within an agency charged with establishing a particular unifying ‘brand’ for the preeminent instrument of national identification, whilst dutifully acknowledging the diverse constituency of a nation that historically fashions itself as one constructed from the many. In conclusion, the study suggests that the new passport is the handiwork of a plethora of state actors and a servant of many masters, for it is not only a facilitator of mobility and a vouchsafe for the identity of the bearer, but also, a tiny but significant piece of US property, itself an agent of border maintenance and boundary construction that enables the state to lay claim to its citizenry.     

晋冀鲁豫边区1942年～1943年抗旱减灾述论

1942年～1943年,晋冀鲁豫边区遭受了百年罕见的大旱灾.旱灾造成边区农业生产下降,人民生活极端困难,社会秩序紊乱.在中国共产党领导下,除了动员各种社会力量互助互济来救灾民之急以外,边区军民主要通过组织群众兴修水利,抢种、补种和大种,植树造林等方式来进行抗旱减灾与生产重建.这些抗旱减灾措施的实施为当时晋冀鲁豫边区最终战胜旱灾和坚持华北敌后抗战发挥了重要作用,也为以后的抗旱救灾提供了可以借鉴的经验.     

In the shadow of fortress Europe? Impacts of European migration governance on Slovenia,Croatia and Macedonia

ABSTRACT

This article analyses European integration's effects on migration and border security governance in Slovenia, Croatia and Macedonia in the context of ‘governed interdependence’. We show how transgovernmental networks comprising national and EU actors, plus a range of other participants, blur the distinction between the domestic and international to enable interactions between domestic and international policy elites that transmit EU priorities into national policy. Governments are shown to be ‘willing pupils’ and ‘policy takers’, adapting to EU policy as a pre-condition for membership. This strengthened rather than weakened central state actors, particularly interior ministries. Thus, in a quintessentially ‘national’ policy area, there has been a re-scaling and re-constitution of migration and border security policy. To support this analysis, social network analysis is used to outline the composition of governance networks and analyse interactions and power relations therein.