洛克论宗教宽容

洛克的《论宗教宽容》,是现代西方处理宗教冲突的基本理论依据。但新近发现的文献表明,洛克早年是反对宗教宽容的。本文将洛克对宗教宽容的几次讨论放在十六十七世纪英国宗教冲突的政治背景之下,指出洛克前后期虽然主张不同,但都遵循同样的理论基础,即《第二篇政府短论》中提出的"神法—人法—兄弟法—私人法"的法律结构,只是针对英国现实问题,在这一框架当中适当调整。无论他主张宗教宽容还是不宽容,目的都是为了清除天主教在英国政治中的势力,围绕圣公会建立一个独立的民族国家。他晚年与普洛斯特有过多次争论,但所涉及的并不是原则性的分歧。我们今天思考宗教冲突与宽容问题,应该看到洛克宗教宽容思想的理论基础。     

大学生的心态状况调查及其积极心态培养对策研究

文章利用一般自我效能感量表和简易应对方式量表,对某校大学生作抽样调查,结果显示:不同性别和专业的大学生在自我效能感和应对方式上无显著差异;大学生自我效能感的来源存在偏差,主导性的应对方式也有错位。这表明当代大学生的心态并非都是积极的。因此,高校思想政治工作者要高度关注和研究大学生的心态问题,要培养大学生基于能力的自我效能感,要形成以行动为主导的应对方式,要建立起积极心态培训机制。     

乐教与儒者的宗教情怀

乐教是理解儒家精神不可忽视的重要方面。乐教扎根于“亲亲”之情,具体体现为与“忧患意识”有别,而与“安”“乐”相协调一致的“怛”和“哀”“悲”之情。此情实质上是超越的天道内化为人的心性而落实下来的生命意义与价值得以呈现的方式。儒者虽深知人生之哀、悲,但以乐入手,解悟和转化现实的人生与宇宙,是一大特色。如此,宗教情怀转化为现实的人生关怀,成为特有的礼乐文明的核心内涵。     

The influence of risk and protective factors on burnout experienced by those who work with maltreated children

The aim of the study was to explore the degree (and type) of burnout and trauma symptoms, personal histories and coping strategies retrospectively reported by those who work with maltreated children and their families. A self‐selected sample of workers (N = 44) completed a self‐report questionnaire assessing childhood maltreatment, family background characteristics, current adjustment, coping strategies and burnout. Workers reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a low to moderate sense of personal accomplishment. Family background characteristics predicted the occurrence of maltreatment and current adjustment, and a personal history of maltreatment predicted current trauma symptoms, but not burnout. Workers most frequently used problem‐focused coping strategies and sought social support; however, coping strategies were not associated with the level of either trauma symptoms or burnout. Despite employing positive coping strategies, their efficacy may be affected by other interpersonal, intra‐individual and job resource issues. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基督教与佛教伦理思想比较研究

基督教和佛教都是高度伦理化的宗教 ,伦理思想是其宗教教义的重要内容。从伦理之来源、道德依据、行为规范、人性论、社会意义等方面对基督教和佛教的伦理观进行了比较 ,分析二者伦理观之同异 ,从而阐扬了两教的伦理价值。     

从《诗经》情歌看先民的宗教情结

情歌在<诗经>中占有非常重要的地位,其情节形象地再现了古代社会隆重的祭高禖仪式,这一仪式与先民的生殖崇拜密切相关,不仅反映了人们自由、奔放的性爱意识,揭示了人们对生命的热爱和重视,而且寄托着远古民族浓重的宗教情结,从而使<诗经>具有了深厚的人类学价值和深远的文化意蕴.     

艺术与宗教的缠绕和融合--论许地山与宗教文化的关系

作为一个对宗教经典十分熟悉的学者型作家,许地山在他的小说里常常自觉或不自觉地运用宗教意象,他的作品中艺术与宗教可说是互相缠绕、互相融合、密不可分.他既不用爱与美的理想来解释人生,也不用苦闷和悲哀来总结人生,而是以宗教思想为核心来探讨人生,并借作品抒发自己独特的人生感悟.无论是他的人生态度还是他的作品,都体现了佛教、道教以及基督教三者融合的影响.     

The availability of personal and external coping resources: Thier impact on job stress and employee attitudes during organizational restructuring

This study examines the relationships among personal coping resources, social support, external coping resources, job stressors and job strains in a sample of 110 American Telephone and Telegraph employees undergoing a major organizational restructuring. The study expanded on a model suggested by Ashford (1988) by defining another category of coping resources that employees may draw upon to deal with the stressors and strains which occur during major organizational changes. External coping resources were defined as those which provided employees with a sense of 'vicarious control' in stressful situations. Results indicated that personal coping resources, social support and external coping resources had a direct effect upon job stressor and strain levels. No 'buffering' effect of these coplng resources was found. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that external coping resources added to the prediction of job stressors and strains even when pertonal coping resources and social support were entered first into the prediction questions.     

中西宗教文化管见

本文从语言和社会生活的角度出发，对汉民族和北美的大众宗教信仰进行了初步探索，指出了人类心理中宗教观念存在的普遍性并探讨了宗教文化的发展趋势。