Estimating chance reproducibility in Guttman Scaling

A definition of reproducibility in Guttman Scaling and two chance measures of reproducibility are suggested. The first measure assumes that the items are independent. The second method assumes nonindependent items and fits respondent and item margins by an iterative method used in fitting log-linear models. Chance reproducibility is conceptualized in terms of assumptions about respondent variability.     

Courage in the Telling: The Critical Rise and Fall of David Leavitt

Openly gay American fiction writer David Leavitt, who had received positive reviews for his previous novels and short story collections, was sued in 1993 over his novel While England Sleeps by English poet Stephen Spender, who claimed that Leavitt plagiarized an episode from his own 1951 memoir World Within World, and grafted pornographic fantasies onto his biography. The accusations created a homophobic backlash against Leavitt, whose career has yet to recover fully. The result is that Leavitt, who had once been viewed as the one gay writer to find a footing in the mainstream literary community, is now firmly positioned in the gay literary subgenre and his work categorized as such. This essay examines book reviews in order to illustrate the difficulties that a writer who deals with gay life frankly and unapologetically finds in being accepted by the mainstream literary establishment, no matter how normal or assimilationist he or others might perceive his work to be.     

A model of the Canadian global exchange rate: A test of the 1970s

This comment points out some methodological weaknesses in the Canadian global exchange rate model and the associated efficiency tests of Marwah and Bodkin. The model is found to be inadequate for policy analysis.     

论《大卫·科波菲尔》中的人物素描艺术

马车夫巴基思是狄更斯自传体小说《大卫.科波菲尔》中的一个微不足道的小人物,但却给人们留下了深刻的印象。狄更斯通过对其言语特征的临摹和复制,用简洁、明快的手法,深刻揭示了其丰富的内心世界,将这个人物栩栩如生地展现在读者面前,有力地渲染、烘托了小说的主人公,凸显这位小说大师的人物素描艺术。     

道德的堕落与堕落的道德 ——论《麦田里的守望者》

美国犹太裔作家塞林格的代表作《麦田里的守望者》叙述了堕落少年霍尔顿的经历.霍尔顿的堕落是一种表面上的堕落,是对于商业社会的反叛,批判了这种社会中道德的堕落.霍尔顿的颓废是对于当时社会的批判性戏仿,他的虚伪表征着对更深层次上的真诚的诉求,而他对于自然的眷恋则表现出反异化的主题.霍尔顿的堕落具有深刻的道德性,蕴含着多重的伦理学和社会学维度,并在其间表达着一种道德救赎的理想.     

忧患于天地之间的“思想织物”——评王大卫的长篇纪实游记《天地无极》

长篇纪实游记《天地无极》的作者王大卫以缅怀洛克半个世纪以前的献身考察的事迹为初衷,并沿着洛克当年的路线一一探寻和思考,再加上千万年不变的自然山川与“百年不变”的“人文生态”,使得两条以时间为界的单线归并成了一条以空间为缘并纵贯全书的深沉复线,叙写如行云流水,在过去、现在和未来的情境撞击中生发出多少随缘、随观、随感、随思、随想的心灵火花,有如不同色彩的横线来回穿梭于这块“思想织物”之上,让读者思考着多少世纪以来一直在缓慢地改变着思想颜色的伟大运动在不远的将来仍将继续么?是否会出现倒退、阻碍进步、甚至毁弃已经取得的成就呢?在全球化语境下的忧患意识充分地显示了一位知识分子作家所拥有的时下愈益难能可贵的正直品格。     

麦克利兰需要理论对高校引进高层次人才的启示

戴维·麦克利兰(David Mc --Clelland)需要理论是人力资本研究中的经典理论。高等院校引进具有高成就需要的高层次人才是办学的关键。在具体的人才引进工作中,要善于发现具有高成就需要的高层次人才;着力营造人才实现高成就的环境;高度重视高成就需要者的归属需要和权力需要。     

The ideological context of child welfare

This paper examines consequences for child development and well-being of the prevailing institutional order and ideology of the United States and concludes that child development in our country is severely obstructed because of socially structured violence which permeates our way of life. The paper ends with comments on prospects for social transformation which seems necessary to assure the development and well-being of every child.     

Response from a policymakers' perspective

The case in point (Tellado, 1984) needs to be defined in terms of a client for the research. The research may also have implications for early intervention to mitigate the problems uncovered in the case study. An important element in the development of problem-solving skills may be linguistic skills. Further research about this variable seems warranted.