试论未来中国计划生育工作的转变

未来中国的计划生育应该发生如下转变 :(1)计划生育政策的理论依据将从适度人口论向可持续发展理论转变 ;(2 )人口控制的重点将从以人口数量控制为主向结构平衡、素质优先转变 ;(3)政策执行模式从行政经济强制模式向法律规范、经济利益导向模式转变 ;(4)政策执行机构将从计划生育委员会改革为人口政策委员会 ;(5 )计划生育政策与其它公共政策的协调将更加有效。     

国际格局变化中的中东局势

由于世界格局发生重大变化,奥巴马政府外交政策出现了调整。美国中东政策调整幅度最大,但只是策略和手法的变化,而非战略性改变。美国宣示的调整后的中东政策不可能如实执行。随着美国力衰减,美主导中东事务的能力减弱。大中东热点问题如巴以冲突、阿富汗战争、伊拉克战争和伊朗核问题都出现了一些新的变化,但这些问题矛盾复杂,涉及面广,仍难以解决。     

Judgmental Adjustments of Previously Adjusted Forecasts*

Forecasts are important components of information systems. They provide a means for knowledge sharing and thus have significant decision‐making impact. In many organizations, it is quite common for forecast users to receive predictions that have previously been adjusted by providers or other users of forecasts. Current work investigates some of the factors that may influence the size and propensity of further adjustments on already‐adjusted forecasts. Two studies are reported that focus on the potential effects of adjustment framing (Study 1) and the availability of explanations and/or original forecasts alongside the adjusted forecasts (Study 2). Study 1 provides evidence that the interval forecasts that are labeled as “adjusted” are modified less than the so‐called “original/unadjusted” predictions. Study 2 suggests that the provision of original forecasts and the presence of explanations accompanying the adjusted forecasts serve as significant factors shaping the size and propensity of further modifications. Findings of both studies highlight the importance of forecasting format and user perceptions with critical organizational repercussions.     

中国在巴以问题上的角色调整

自中东剧变以来，巴以问题有被边缘化的趋势，但巴以问题仍是关乎全局的中东核心问题。中国在此过程中扮演什么样的角色依然极为重要。本文认为中国在巴以问题上的一贯立场使其积累了较为丰富的历史经验、道义资源，同时当今国内国际形势的变化也有利于中国进一步介入中东和平进程以发挥建设性作用。因此，中国在巴以问题上需要进一步调整和深化角色，力争更好地彰显“负责任的大国”形象。