Transformer in navigation: Diverse government roles for open innovation in China's high-speed rail

Based on a longitudinal case study of China's high-speed rail embedded in the emerging economy context, we focus on what role the government plays and how that matters to open innovation (OI) for competitive advantage. By linking the OI literature with the national political institutions literature to motivate our research question, we propose a statist-based OI view to differentiate diverse government roles, investigating how government adopts roles in a combined way to push OI in stages. Our findings suggest that government is an important strategic decision-maker for OI. Specifically, the government plays various roles as commander, protector, cultivator, and intermediator, reflecting state activism derived from national political institutions, to construct institutional-level OI for domestic OI activities, and inbound and outbound OI across national borders. We find government can deliberately and strategically use its diverse roles in a combined way to push OI for competitive advantage through the industrial evolutionary process over time. Our study contributes to the OI literature and integrates the strategic management literature with the study of OI to provide new insights to explain the origins of competitive advantage from the state perspective.     

城市道路交通问题与对策探讨

从中国大城市交通堵塞现象着手,研究了机动车辆的增加与道路通行能力的关系,以及机动车迅速增长所带来的环境污染问题,分析了问题产生的原固及其危害程度,探讨改善城市交通的途径和解决的方案,提出适当限制个人轿车,积极发展轨道交通,规划建设中心网络城市的现点。     

高铁网络下的中国十大城市群旅游交通格局及其经济联系的比较研究

旅游交通是旅游经济发展中重要的内容之一,通过对中国十大城市群城市旅游交通可达性、铁路交通流分布情况与旅游经济联系、总量和隶属度进行计算,借助Arcgis10.2对中国十大城市群交通空间流分布情况和旅游经济联系进行空间可视化处理,并对计算结果进行综合比较分析。研究发现:高铁使得中国十大城市群城市旅游交通可达性水平得到大幅提升,且交通流分布均衡。中国十大城市群城市可达性的提升给城市旅游经济带来了一定的积极影响。高铁网络下中国十大城市群旅游经济联系分布不均衡。     

Evaluating the causal economic impacts of transport investments: evidence from the Madrid–Barcelona high speed rail corridor

This paper evaluates economic impacts arising from the introduction of high-speed rail (HSR) between Madrid and Barcelona. Using difference-in-differences estimation we estimate an average treatment effect for provinces with stops on the HSR line of 2.4% for economic output, 3.3% for numbers of firms, and 1.1% for labour productivity. We complement our DID results with a synthetic control analysis for Lleida and Tarragona, two provinces that we argue were assigned HSR stations largely due to their incidental location. We find that both the number of firms and labour productivity are substantially higher in these provinces than in their synthetic counterparts.     

长吉区域一体化的城际轨道交通出行表征

区域一体化进程中,城际轨道交通客流成为城市区域功能联系的重要表征,本研究选取长吉城际动车出行为研究对象,通过对乘客群体问卷访谈式的实证调查,从微观个体的角度分析城际轨道交通所表征的空间一体化。研究发现：（1）在总体的客流属性方面,乘坐动车的人群以高学历白领群体为主,表征了一体化进程中城际轨道交通作为流动空间物质基础的社会极化效应;（2）在到发客流空间分布方面,长春与吉林的中心城区都属于城际出行强度集中区,郊区县市属于客流稀疏区,空间分布的极化效应非常明显,同时相对于前往吉林市的客流来说,更多比例的客流以长春市为目的地：（3）在功能性活动空间交互方面,若固定户籍地考察居住、工作和消费等功能性活动的偏移,更多的乘客属于户籍地在吉林、其余基本活动在长春的情形,说明一体化进程中城际轨道交通客流表征了区域发展的空间不均衡。     

Moving Forward or Taking a Stand? Discourses Surrounding the Politics of Wisconsin High-speed Rail

The 2010 launch of a national high-speed rail (HSR) initiative became heavily politicized in some parts of the U.S. Research on HSR, however, has predominantly focused on quantitative variables at the national scale, while the fraught sub-national politics of HSR have been mostly overlooked. Using discourse theory, I explore the politics of Wisconsin HSR, arguing that HSR figured heavily in a larger state-based political struggle over conflicting spatial visions of how Wisconsin ‘ought’ to be. This research highlights the significance of spatiotemporally contingent meanings and the scale of analysis in politics of mobility research.     

新形势下铁路货运服务质量存在的问题及对策

针对铁路运输在各种运输方式竞争日趋激烈的环境下面临的压力问题,系统分析了铁路运输的特点,提出开展多式联运是提高铁路货运服务质量和管理水平的关键。建议建立以铁路为骨干的物流网络,在大流通的理念下,积极应对物流发展和货运竞争的新形势,以满足客户的需求。研究结论对提高铁路货运质量有指导意义。     

高速铁路钢轨波浪型磨耗研究及其防治建议

基于中国高速铁路钢轨出现波磨的现象，对高速铁路波磨的特点做了详细介绍。指出目前波磨理论的局限性，并分析了高速状态下波磨的动力学成因，以及钢轨材质对波磨的影响，并给出了可行的预防与减缓波磨的建议。     

西安市城市轨道交通建设产生的环境效益分析

为了实现轨道交通建设与城市环境协调发展,以西安市城市快速轨道交通建设为例,采用类比调查和数据分析的方法,定量研究了轨道交通建设产生的生态环境效益和社会环境效益。结果表明,城市轨道交通是高效率、低能耗、低污染以及舒适、安全、快捷的公交系统;城市轨道交通系统的发展将明显促进西安市城市经济的快速发展和生态环境的改善,实现城市经济效益、社会效益和环境效益三者的统一。     

重庆轻轨二号线运营不安全因素分析及对策

城市轨道交通近年来在我国得到了快速发展,其运营安全对城市的经济活动和市民的日常生活有举足轻重的影响。介绍重庆轻轨二号线的基本情况,从安全运营的角度分析运营中存在的问题,并据此提出相应的解决对策。