美国城市化经验对江苏城市化战略的启示

美国城市化经历了发生、发展、成熟的完整过程 ,具体表现为集中和分散两个显著特征 ;我国江苏城市化进程中的独特现象与美国城市化形成鲜明对比 ,通过比较、借鉴 ,江苏必须走出一条符合省情的城市化道路。     

世纪辉煌的地域文化背景呈示——"浙江潮"文学现象研究之一

"浙江潮"文学现象对中国20世纪文学的发展极具观照意义,而就其"生成"原因看,则显然是这个地域积淀深厚的历史文化传统所致,对此作深入探讨,必将有助于文学历史经验的总结。     

区域科技基础与科技环境综合评价体系研究

通过对科技基础和科技环境的评价 ,提出了指标体系的设计原则以及设计思路 ,建立了区域科技基础与科技环境综合评价指标体系 ,并对陕西省和北京市的有关资料进行了对比研究     

发展县域经济的新思路--铜梁县域经济调查引发的思考

县域经济作为宏观与微观结合的中观层面 ,随着市场经济的发展已越来越引起大家的重视。本文通过对重庆铜梁县域经济调查 ,认为它在适应市场的改革、文化和城市建设、政府职能的转变等方面有许多可取的经验值得推广 ,也存在一些内地县市所共有的问题需要解决。本文试图介绍铜梁县域经济发展的主要成就 ,归纳内地县域经济普遍存在的一些问题 ,并提出一些具体的解决思路     

区域贸易协定发展趋势对多边贸易体制的挑战

随着WTO的多边贸易体制受到重大挫折,经济全球化的步伐有所放慢,而区域贸易协议已成为当今国际经济关系的主流形式之一。现分析区域贸易协定的迅猛的发展趋势以及对WTO为代表的多边贸易体制提出挑战。面对挑战,当务之急,各区域贸易协定必须接受WTO的一定程序上的规制,最主要的要确保区域贸易协定对WTO多边贸易体制的健康发展。     

基于DEPA探究亚太地区数字贸易治理前景

随着全球数字贸易的迅猛发展,当前WTO多边框架下数字贸易规则存在缺失,使得数字贸易治理呈现出区域化趋势。为探究亚太地区数字贸易治理前景,预判亚太经济体参与数字贸易治理的可能路径,基于《数字经济伙伴关系协定》(DEPA),采用文献分析、规则文本对比、逻辑推演等研究方法,对亚太地区数字贸易治理的议题广度和深度、谈判模式、模块特征、关注焦点及竞争格局进行全面系统的分析研判。研究认为,未来亚太数字贸易治理主要呈现以下趋向:数字贸易治理将涵盖更多新兴技术领域,传统议题也会趋于更高标准; 专门协定的高效率将驱使数字贸易议题逐渐与传统议题相剥离,协定的框架形式也将采取开放、灵活、包容的“主题模块”形式。数字包容性发展、数字便利化等议题将是亚太数字贸易治理的焦点议题; 亚太数字贸易治理的大国博弈将以中美两国为中心,中小经济体也会以“联合抱团”来争取某些议题的话语权。     

RCEP背景下中国对外直接投资在印尼的潜力和挑战

为推动中国与印尼经贸合作,加强“一带一路”倡议同印尼发展战略对接,发挥双方经济互补优势,通过文献阅读法和统计分析法梳理了印尼的投资环境、外来投资区位结构,中国对印尼直接投资的区位结构和海外园区分布; 通过回归模型,分析投资环境对中国在印尼直接投资的影响,探索RCEP背景下中国在印尼直接投资面临的潜力和挑战。研究认为,中国在印尼的直接投资面临经济发展水平、投资便利度、政府影响和人力资源等因素共同影响着中国在印尼的对外直接投资规模; 经济发展水平、投资便利度、政府影响、人力资源等投资环境是制约印尼吸引外国投资和发展经济的外在阻碍,行政管理体制是制约印尼经济发展的内在因素; 如何处理好外来产业和本土产业的关系是印尼未来发展所面临的重大挑战。研究表明,中国和印尼要充分利用RCEP签署带来的巨大政策红利,利用好两国已有的合作机制和平台,鼓励中国企业积极对接相关产业合作园区,深度参与印尼海洋经济、食品制造、能源经济等重点产业的投资开发,形成较多互补性和较少竞争性的中印尼经贸关系,实现国家间政治、经济关系的飞跃发展,外贸与投资领域的新突破。     

Interfamily economic exchange: A function of culture or economics?

This study explores differences in inter-household exchange of goods and services in Anglo- and Mexican-American families controlling for income level and for ethnicity. The extent of such exchange, its perceived importance to the family's quality of life, satisfaction with the exchange, and the relation of persons in the exchange process are examined. Significant differences are found more often between higher income Anglo- and Mexican-Americans than between low-income families, both in the family providing goods and services for others and in the receipt of them. Higher income Mexican-American families are more likely than their Anglo- counterparts to exchange with relatives. Ethnic effects are more prevalent in higher income households than in low-income households. Economic effects are more predominant than ethnic effects.This study contributes to interregional Agricultural Experiment Station Research Project NC-128, Quality of Life as Influenced by Area of Residence. Cooperating states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Texas.Flora L. Williams' current research interests include income adequacy, financial problems, and indicators of change in economic well-being. She is an Associate Professor, Consumer Sciences and Retailing, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.     

To be or not to be valid in testing the significance of the slope in simple quantitative linear models with autocorrelated errors

In this article, the validity of procedures for testing the significance of the slope in quantitative linear models with one explanatory variable and first-order autoregressive [AR(1)] errors is analyzed in a Monte Carlo study conducted in the time domain. Two cases are considered for the regressor: fixed and trended versus random and AR(1). In addition to the classical t -test using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator of the slope and its standard error, we consider seven t -tests with n-2\,\hbox{df} built on the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) estimator or an estimated GLS estimator, three variants of the classical t -test with different variances of the OLS estimator, two asymptotic tests built on the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator, the F -test for fixed effects based on the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) estimator in the mixed-model approach, two t -tests with n - 2 df based on first differences (FD) and first-difference ratios (FDR), and four modified t -tests using various corrections of the number of degrees of freedom. The FDR t -test, the REML F -test and the modified t -test using Dutilleul's effective sample size are the most valid among the testing procedures that do not assume the complete knowledge of the covariance matrix of the errors. However, modified t -tests are not applicable and the FDR t -test suffers from a lack of power when the regressor is fixed and trended ( i.e. , FDR is the same as FD in this case when observations are equally spaced), whereas the REML algorithm fails to converge at small sample sizes. The classical t -test is valid when the regressor is fixed and trended and autocorrelation among errors is predominantly negative, and when the regressor is random and AR(1), like the errors, and autocorrelation is moderately negative or positive. We discuss the results graphically, in terms of the circularity condition defined in repeated measures ANOVA and of the effective sample size used in correlation analysis with autocorrelated sample data. An example with environmental data is presented.     

空气污染治理与公众健康———来自“大气十条”政策的证据

为探究《大气污染防治行动计划》 (以下简称“大气十条”)的健康效应,本文基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据及省级面板数据,利用基于多项Logit模型的双重差分法(Logit-DID),从微观与宏观两个维度考察“大气十条”政策的健康改善效应及其传导机制,并进一步通过异质性分析探讨环境健康不平等的内在原因 研究发现:“大气十条”实施带来显著的健康效应,该政策不仅能有效控制与空气污染高度相关疾病的发病率和死亡占比,还能够间接降低受空气污染影响较小的疾病病情。其作用机理主要通过控制PM2.5浓度改善公众健康,同时该政策对二氧化硫(SO2)、氮氧化物、烟(粉)尘等其 他污染物浓度的下降起到了协同作用。进一步分析显示环境福利不公平的现象依然存在,“大气十条”政 策显著降低了疾病高发人群的发病率,且对女性、城镇居民和低、高年龄段等疾病高发人群的健康影响更显著。本文为政府构建环境健康公平发展路径,推进“健康中国”战略提供了经验证据和政策借鉴。