Vaginal births after caesarean: What does Google think about it?

AimVaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) is a relatively safe alternative to repeat caesarean birth in the proper context. This important decision to undergo an elective caesarean versus VBAC is ultimately a decision of the mother. The purpose of our study was to assess the quality of online information in relation to VBAC collected using the most common search engine: Google.MethodsThe 10 most common hit sites for the keywords “VBAC” and “Vaginal birth after caesarean” were evaluated using the search engine Google. The quality of websites was rated based on the Silberg scale for accountability, the modified Abbott's criteria for presentation and the SMOG index for readability. The content of each website was compared to the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) guidelines for VBAC.Findings13 out of 20 identified websites met the adequate criteria for accountability, with 85% of the websites indicating authorship. 11 websites were deemed aesthetically agreeable. The target audience, assessed by the readability score, was notably above the non-medical population with an average SMOG index score of 14.75. Only half of the websites contained recommendations, as detailed by the SOGC guidelines.ConclusionAlmost all sites target a higher academic level, making it beyond the comprehension of the general population. Woman friendly web-assessment tools should be provided to enable pregnant women to take an active role in their decision making.     

私营企业女工权益保护论

在私营企业中 ，普遍存在着职工合法权益难以保障的问题，尤其是女工权益受侵害的问题更为普遍，也更 为突出。女工权益受侵害的原因，既有社会大环境方面的，也有企业主方面的，还有女工个 人方面的。制定专门的《私营企业法》，明确劳动契约原则，加强工商行政管理部门的管理 职能，加大新闻机构宣传与监督力度等，是有效保护女工合法权益的主要途径。     

关于农民工类型的思考

改革开放以来,在农民社会分化的基础上,出现了不同类型的农民工。按其居住地和从事职业的不同,可以划分为在乡在土型、在乡离土型、离乡离土型、离乡在土型四种类型。在乡在土型农民工既在家乡附近的企业打工,又经营土地,二者所得为其经济来源;在乡离土型农民工在家乡附近的企业里打工,不再经营土地,完全把打工收入作为经济来源;离乡离土型农民工离开家乡到外地打工,完全和先前的承包地脱离关系,打工收入为其经济来源;离乡在土型农民工虽然离开家乡到外地打工,但家庭承包地仍然经营着,二者所得为其经济来源。文章的目的在于更深入地研究农民工,认识不同类型农民工的特征、存在的主要问题、需求,为有关部门的科学决策提供依据,有效地解决农民工问题。     

农民工市民化政策博弈分析

农民工市民化不仅能加快城镇化进程,而且能有效地解决我国“三农”问题。当前,这一政策的实施遇到了一定困难。首先以政府和农民工为对策主体,建立了完全理性和有限理性的静态与动态几种博弈模型;分析了在一定政策环境下,政策和农民工之间的对策,并提出了农民工转化为市民的若干政策建议。在此基础上,将其收益矩阵进行了一般处理,使其结论更具普遍性。博弈分析结果表明现阶段政府不宜采用大规模转化农民工为市民的政策。     

浅析劳务派遣中劳动者权益的保障

作为一种就业新路,劳务派遣涉及复杂的法律关系,从而以规范传统劳动关系为基础的劳动法规无法对劳务派遣所产生的诸多法律问题予以完整的规范,致使劳动者在劳务派遣过程中权益屡受侵害。基于当前劳动合同法的起草,提出一些完善劳务派遣制度的建议,希望能促使社会各界的重视。     

农民工流动的成本收益分析

在对农民工在农村和城市的生产生活成本和收益进行分析的基础上,构建了农民工流动的成本收益模型。分析了工资收入水平、流出地区农民收益差异、非经济成本、社会收益等影响农民工流动迁移决策的因素,及各因素之间的关系,探讨了农民工流动的机理。     

The influence of risk and protective factors on burnout experienced by those who work with maltreated children

The aim of the study was to explore the degree (and type) of burnout and trauma symptoms, personal histories and coping strategies retrospectively reported by those who work with maltreated children and their families. A self‐selected sample of workers (N = 44) completed a self‐report questionnaire assessing childhood maltreatment, family background characteristics, current adjustment, coping strategies and burnout. Workers reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a low to moderate sense of personal accomplishment. Family background characteristics predicted the occurrence of maltreatment and current adjustment, and a personal history of maltreatment predicted current trauma symptoms, but not burnout. Workers most frequently used problem‐focused coping strategies and sought social support; however, coping strategies were not associated with the level of either trauma symptoms or burnout. Despite employing positive coping strategies, their efficacy may be affected by other interpersonal, intra‐individual and job resource issues. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Factors Associated with Having Flextime: A Focus on Married Workers

To examine flexible work scheduling of married workers a conceptual framework was developed and tested using the 1997 Current Population Survey Work Schedules Supplement. Odds of flextime use were higher for married males, non-Hispanic whites, those with relatively higher levels of education and income, those with a preschool aged child, residents of the Midwest or West (as compared with the South), managers or professionals, and employees of the federal government.     

知情同意原则和医务人员的素质

从知情同意的兴起、发展和现状可以看出:知情同意作为规范医患关系的一项伦理道德原则,对医务人员提出越来越高的素质要求。试图探讨医务人员应具备的基本素质,以便更好地贯彻实施知情同意,减少医患纠纷。     

我国十二生肖文化探源

十二生肖是一种颇具内涵的文化现象，在我国已有悠久的历史。其特点是以十二种动物配十二地支，以人之生年定所属动物。我国远古的图腾崇拜是十二生肖的滥觞，而干支的创制与中华民族的多元一体则是十二生肖形成的基础.