中国货币供给的内生性与货币政策分析

从我国经济的短缺、过剩或转轨形态来看 ,我国的货币供给呈现很强的内生性 ,因此 ,货币政策应采取需求性的货币调控模式。相应地 ,货币政策的中介指标应选择利率而不是单纯的货币供应量。同时 ,利率改革的方向也不能单纯地瞄准完全的市场化利率体系 ,而应该是建立一种对利率进行间接调控的利率体系     

西方生育文化发展研究

西方生育文化源于原始的生殖崇拜,经历了由文艺复兴前生育文化、文艺复兴后生育文化和20世纪中期以来生育文化等几个阶段的发展,每一阶段上的生育观念、生育习俗、生育制度、生育理论都呈现出不同变化及特点。     

Demographic Shifts in the Czech Republic after 1989: A Second Demographic Transition View

A dramatic change in fertility,family formation and living arrangements tookplace in the Czech Republic over the 1990s. Theestablishment of democracy, profound socialtransformation and transition to the marketeconomy affected the values and demographicbehaviour of the young Czech generation. Thispaper examines whether these demographic shiftscan be interpreted within the framework of thesecond demographic transition. The theoreticalpart discusses the idea of the transition,outlining three distinctive conceptualisations.Two of them – the view of the transition as aprogression of characteristic interrelateddemographic changes and a broader viewstressing the importance of underlyingideational factors – fit the Czech situationvery well. A comparison with the Netherlandsreveals that the onset of the transition in theCzech Republic may be clearly located in thefirst half of the 1990s, lagging two decadesbehind the Netherlands.     

Family Cap and Nonmarital Fertility: The Racial Conditioning of Policy Effects

Using an experimental design, this research examines the effect of the nation's first family cap on the births, abortions, and contraception use of over 8,000 women receiving public assistance in New Jersey. The family cap denies additional cash benefits to children conceived while the mother is receiving public assistance. Our research shows that a targeted welfare benefit manipulation does influence fertility behavior; however, the effect is conditioned by race. We find that Black women in the experimental group have a 21% lower birth rate and a 32% higher abortion rate than Black women in the control group. We do not find a birth effect for Hispanic or White women. We discuss the policy implications of the effects of a segmented family cap.     

Population Policy in Early Victorian England

This paper argues that the generally-held belief that there was no population policy in Great Britain during its fertility transition is incorrect. There were, in fact, clear and implicit and explicit policies in place by the early 19th Century which aimed at reducing population growth. These were negative, involving elimination of family allowances (the famous Poor Laws), and also positive, through subsidised emigration and ``transportation' of felons to the colonies. Moreover, a changed ``ideation' on the part of the nation's political, intellectual and spiritual leaders, changed norms about marriage and child-bearing, raising sharply the perceived economic and psychic cost of children. Lacking acceptable means to control pregnancies, many working class women resorted to abortion, infanticide and child abandonment to reduce their family size. The policy's actual impact on overall fertility is uncertain but it did constitute a deliberate attempt by society to affect demographic behaviour and outcomes.     

Couple Attitudes and Agreement Regarding Pregnancy Wantedness in the Philippines

We compare husbands' and wives' views of the wantedness of their most recent pregnancy in the Philippines, a country where relatively high levels of unintended fertility persist. This research is an extension of earlier work that looked separately at individual men's and women's responses. We analyze survey data for 369 couples and find that those most at risk of experiencing a pregnancy that neither spouse wanted tended to be higher parity couples, those who were more fatalistic, those who were practicing Catholics who attended religious services frequently, and those among whom the husband was the sole breadwinner. Higher parity women and older women were also more apt to experience a pregnancy that was wanted by only 1 spouse. Women who had difficulty discussing sexual matters with their husbands were more likely than other women to have a pregnancy that their husbands wanted but they did not.     

文化产业数字化内生生长与外生协同创新的进化机理研究

数字经济与国家文化新基建的发展驱动了以数字文化体验为代表的文化消费新范式,因而产生了革新文化消费渠道和场景、创新智能文化装备制造、打通异构文化数据资源库、完善数字化公共文化服务等亟待解决的产业发展新需求。文化产业数字化内生生长要求立足产业内部视角,打造文化产业供给侧改革、文化智能装备制造、文化创作开发、文化数字化治理、文化创客协同等五大引擎。文化产业的外生协同需在文化消费营销创新、文化大数据平台建设和产业融合发展等多点发力,要开展跨界、跨学科、跨组织的循环互动,构建文化产业数字化内外双循环驱动的创新机制,灵活应对数字化时代的新挑战。     

Origins and destinies: Immigration to the United States since World War II

Contemporary immigration to the United States and the formation of new ethnic groups are the complex and unintended social consequences of the expansion of the nation to its post-World War II position of global hegemony. Immigrant communities in the United States today are related to a history of American military, political, economic, and cultural involvement and intervention in the sending countries, especially in Asia and the Caribbean Basin, and to the linkages that are formed in the process that open a variety of legal and illegal migration pathways. The 19.8 million foreign-born persons counted in the 1990 U.S. census formed the largest immigrant population in the world, though in relative terms, only 7.9% of the U.S. population was foreign-born, a lower proportion than earlier in this century. Today's immigrants are extraordinarily diverse, a reflection of polar-opposite types of migrations embedded in very different historical and structural contexts. Also, unlike the expanding economy that absorbed earlier flows from Europe, since the 1970s new immigrants have entered an hourglass economy with reduced opportunities for social mobility, particularly among the less educated, and new waves of refugees have entered a welfare state with expanded opportunities for public assistance. This paper seeks to make sense of the new diversity. A typology of contemporary immigrants is presented, and their patterns of settlement, their distinctive social and economic characteristics compared to major native-born racial-ethnic groups, and their different modes of incorporation in—and consequences for—American society are considered.     

企业战略联盟风险防范体系的架构研究

在对企业战略联盟存在的风险及规避措施进行理论透析的基础上,给出了企业战略联盟伙伴选择机制的权值排序模型。提出了企业战略联盟的3种风险防范整合架构,并论述了三者之间的相关关系。最后通过实例对企业战略联盟伙伴选择机制的权值排序模型和风险防范整合体系进行了验证。     

优先级债务与次级债务的激励效应

把通货膨胀率和红利支付率融入优先级债务和次级债务的激励效应模型. 利用期权的 对策论分析方法,给出了优先级债务、次级债务、股票和公司价值的解析评价公式,并分析了通 货膨胀率和红利支付对公司的破产决策、次债务的发行决策,以及对股东和债权人之间财富转 移的重要影响. 说明了通胀率和红利支付率在实际借债合同中是不能被忽略的因素.