后殖民时代

从维柯、黑格尔等人对社会历史分期的论述,可深入认识"后殖民时代"的社会特点,从而把握后殖民理论的中心,即他们对西方文化的颠覆、批判,以超越自己的途径,而走向人性的充分发展.     

传统教育资源的现代转化——晚清书院嬗变的历史考察

传统教育资源为适应教育现代化的要求 ,不断变革并融入教育现代化的进程之中 ,从而促进了现代教育制度的建立。晚清书院的嬗变即充分展现了这一历史理性。在社会转型和自身日益衰败的双重作用下 ,晚清书院历经复归书院传统的努力、新质书院的建立和改书院为学堂三个相互交织的嬗变过程 ,走完了现代转化之路。这对我国现代教育制度的建立起到了一定的促进作用 ,并由此与现代教育建立了无法割断的联系。     

人类审美是怎样从无到有的--对新实践美学及实践美学的解析与提问

新实践美学和实践美学的审美发生理论都是以哲学方法取代科学实证方法,消解了哲学作为方法论的指导意义;都违反了辩证唯物主义立场,以意识性的哲学概念为物质性的审美发生的原点;都将现代人类的知觉混同于动物的知觉,不能解释为审美所必需的形式知觉力的发生和作用.认知科学美学认为:审美发生要以人类智能的高水平发展为物质基础;以现代人类特有的形式知觉力的形成为决定性的主体条件.审美情感、审美价值、审美属性都依据这一条件而发生.     

A multiple warm standby δ-shock system with a repairman having multiple vacations

In this article, a warm standby n-unit system is studied. The system is operational as long as there is one unit normal. The unit online, which has a lifetime distribution governed by a phase-type distribution, is also attacked by a shock from some external causes. Assume that shocks arrive according to a Poisson process. Whenever an interarrival time of shock is less than a threshold, the unit online fails. The lifetimes of the units in warm standby is exponentially distributed. A repairman who can take multiple vacations repairs the failed units based on the “first-in-first-out” rule. The repair times and the vacation times of repairman are governed by different phase-type distributions. For this system, the Markov process governing the system is constructed. The system is studied in a transient and stationary regime; the availability, the reliability, the rates of occurrence of the different types of failures, and the working probability of the repairman are calculated. A numerical application is performed to illustrate the calculations.     

从清初科试论侯方域的晚节问题

侯方域作为“复社四公子”之一,在明末清初的士林中颇具影响力和号召力。但因参加顺治八年（1651）乡试一事,侯方域在人格与道德上遭到世人质疑和批判。另外,又因为《桃花扇》中的戏剧形象深入人心,后人对他的认识亦多有争议,而这种对其为人的偏见甚至还延及了对其诗文的客观评价。本文本着“了解之同情”的学术态度,通过解析侯方域的诗文作品,对其从归隐到应试的心路历程进行全面观照,从而尽可能地还原易代士人的生存状况与心灵困境。     

Parametrizing the Kepler exoplanet period-radius distribution with the bivariate normal inverse Gaussian distribution

This paper presents a simple and robust method for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the joint period and radius distribution in Kepler exoplanets. The proposed method is based on particle swarm optimization and bivariate Normal Inverse Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, in the construction of the probability density function, this study selects planet-host stars with the GK-type. The injecting approach is also employed to solve the survey completeness of sample. The resulting occurrence rate of Earth analogs is 0.025 with a 95% bootstrap confidence interval between 0.023 and 0.032.     

All Shook Up: Sexuality of Mid- to Later Life Married Couples

The authors integrate theoretical work on the performance of gender with a life course perspective to frame an analysis of in-depth interviews with 17 long-term married couples. The findings indicated that couples' sexual experiences are characterized by change over time, yet that change is shaped by the intersection of gender and age. Midlife couples (ages 50 - 69) were distressed by changes in their sex lives likely because they impede couples from performing gendered sexuality. The source of this distress stems from age-related physical changes; however, it manifests in different ways for husbands and wives. In contrast, later life couples (ages 70 - 86) were more likely to emphasize the importance of emotional intimacy over sex as they age. Marital sex is a source of conflict for many midlife couples because of husbands' and wives' incongruent experiences, but later life husbands and wives tend to have more congruent experiences of marital sex.     

朱元璋后期诗作对明朝诗坛的影响

朱元璋的诗歌创作可以登基为界,分为前期和后期两个阶段。前期诗作,粗豪霸气,威风凛凛,直有干云之势;后期诗作,雍容雅致,功利实用,几无风格可言。在朱元璋看来,大明诗歌应该成为与大明开国气象相契合的粉饰太平的工具。为达到这一目的,朱元璋身体力行、垂范作则,大量雍雅、实用之作在朱元璋的后期诗作中接踵涌现。这些诗作,不仅直接左右和控制了明初及明朝前期诗坛,也影响乃至笼罩了整个明朝诗坛。     

恩格斯晚年书信中的历史唯物主义—以《致约·布洛赫》、《致康·施米特》、《致瓦·博尔吉乌斯》为例

唯物史观是马克思主义的两个伟大发现之一。唯物史观的创立实现了社会历史观的伟大变革,标志着马克思主义哲学的诞生。恩格斯在其晚年与布洛赫等人的书信来往中体现了其思想对马克思主义唯物史观的丰富和发展。廓清这段历史,对于我们全面认识唯物史观、遵循历史规律、坚持科学发展意义重大。     

解放战争后期美蒋"脱身"与反"脱身"的斗争

解放战争后期,美国为了应付国民党垮台后的局面,决定从中国内战中"脱身",逐渐远离国民党;而国民党蒋介石为挽救失败的命运,同美国进行了反"脱身"的斗争.