从“现代化”到“现代性” :二十世纪中国 文学研究思路的转型

文章认为,中国现代文学研究的话语范型在二十世纪八、九十年代发生了重大转型,即由八十年代的以启蒙主义作为价值准则的"现代化"到九十年代对"现代性"进行全面反思的"文学现代性"。这一转型意味着我们对现代文学的认识和价值评判更趋多元化,有助于我们从更为广阔的视野中去揭示现代文学中一度"被压抑的现代性",但同时我们也要警惕"现代性"话语的遮蔽性,讨论中国现代文学的"现代性"一定要考虑到它发生的特殊语境、历史进程的具体性和文学文本所呈现的复杂、多样甚至悖论性的"现代性"内涵。     

现代性的反叛与理论社会学的前景

现代性又一次显示了自己的永新特征:它不断脱出既有的形貌,日益变得轻盈、灵巧、液化、流变,它的经验结果也更为不确定和难以预料。这造成了现代叙事和想像的“衰败”,也使社会学的批判和反思走向亢奋。然而,在西方社会学“新三圣”的现代性理论中,激进具象下隐匿的深沉困惑和焦虑表明,这无以挽回旧式现代性的总体颓落之势。与此同时,现代性在中国正面对着一种新生。“社会互构”理论指出了新型现代性的大趋势,即以人为本而不是以资本为本的实践选择,正在促使资本从目的性意义向手段性位置回归。这一理论还阐释了,通过多元社会主体的“互构谐变”,推进社会沟通、对话、协商以及论坛和听证的制度化,实现我们对于和谐社会的共同期待。正是这一来自实践的理路,使理论社会学拥有了一个赢得未来的起点。     

Joint tests of non-nested models and general error specifications

This paper is concerned with joint tests of non-nested models and simultaneous departures from homoskedasticity, serial independence and normality of the disturbance terms. Locally equivalent alternative models are used to construct joint tests since they provide a convenient way to incorporate more than one type of departure from the classical conditions. The joint tests represent a simple asymptotic solution to the “pre-testing” problem in the context of non-nested linear regression models. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed tests have good finite sample properties.     

Pre—Invex函数的择一性定理

本文提出了一种予一仿射函数的概念,並进而讨论了关于予——不变凸函数与予——仿射函数的择一性定理,这些结论拓广和改进了关于凸函数不等式系统的几个Fan.ky定理。     

全球替代性食物体系综述

在世界各地,农业食品领域的工业化造成了日益严重的环境、经济和社会问题,如环境污染、 大量碳排放、食品安全危机、小农边缘化和小农生计的难以维系。 为了应对这些问题,多个国家的不同 群体建立了多种多样的替代性食物体系,如社区支持农业、农夫市集、共同购买、社区菜园等。 替代性食 物体系自 2009 年进入中国至今已有十年,获得了较大发展。 然而,国内研究较少关注国际替代性食物 体系产生的背景及理念。 文章从替代食物体系的产生和发展、主要特征、国内外差异以及学术界的批判 等几个方面进行概述,全面介绍相关的关键问题和概念,为推动国内替代性食物体系研究的发展助力。     

城市新移民文化研究

作为一个文化群体的存在,"新移民"在文化上具有"山寨性"、"快餐性"、"开放性"等特征。这些特征既是他们"扎根城市生活"的生活写照,也显示了他们"永不言弃奋斗精神"之下潜伏着的集体张力。"新移民文化"在很大程度上再次点燃了城市的文化活力。"新移民文化"所拥有的现象特征与内生动力,显现出其所蕴含的城市革新力量与未来发展潜能。他们是推动中国城市化进程至关重要的一环,乃至成为整个中国未来现代化事业中值得信赖的有生力量。     

吉登斯和他的现代性思想

现代性是社会学研究的核心问题。在当今西方社会思想领域 ,英国社会学家吉登斯的现代性思想以其深刻的分析、完整的体系和独到的观点而倍受人们瞩目。在本文中 ,笔者总结了现代性的含义 ,并着重分析、介绍了他的“非连续性的现代史观”和他关于现代性的四个维度的理论。在此基础上 ,笔者把吉登斯的现代性思想放在现代社会学理论的背景之中 ,将这种思想与利奥塔的“后现代”思想、法兰克福学派的社会批判理论、丹尼尔·贝尔的“后工业社会”理论等当代研究现代社会的主要理论流派进行了比较和评价 ,还结合哈贝马斯与利奥塔关于“现代性”的论争总结了吉登斯现代性思想的特点 ,明确了这些理论研究现代社会的不同侧重点和分析框架     

On some aspects of a generalized alternative zero-inflated logarithmic series distribution

Here, we consider a generalized form of the alternative zero-inflated logarithmic series distribution of Kumar and Riyaz (J. Statist. Comp. Simul., 2015) and study some of its important aspects. The parameters of the distribution are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood and some test procedures are developed for testing the significance of the additional parameter of the model. All these estimation and testing procedures are illustrated with the help of certain real life datasets. A simulation study is also carried out for assessing the performance of the estimators.     

Kind discipline: Developing a conceptual model of a promising school discipline approach

This formative evaluation develops a novel conceptual model for a discipline approach fostering intrinsic motivation and positive relationships in schools. We used concept mapping to elicit and integrate perspectives on kind discipline from teachers, administrators, and other school staff. Three core themes describing kind discipline emerged from 11 identified clusters: (1) proactively developing a positive school climate, (2) responding to conflict with empathy, accountability, and skill, and (3) supporting staff skills in understanding and sharing expectations. We mapped the identified components of kind discipline onto a social ecological model and found that kind discipline encompasses all levels of that model including the individual, relational, environmental/structural, and even community levels. This contrasts with the dominant individual-behavioral discipline approaches that focus on fewer levels and may not lead to sustained student and staff motivation. The findings illustrate the importance of setting and communicating clear expectations and the need for them to be collaboratively developed. Products of the analysis and synthesis reported here are operationalized materials for teachers grounded in a “be kind” culture code for classrooms.