Beyond Piketty: A new perspective on poverty and inequality in India

The socio-economic literature has focused much on how overall inequality in income distribution (frequently measured by the Gini coefficient) undermines the “trickle down” effect. In other words, the higher the inequality in the income distribution, the lower is the growth elasticity of poverty. However, with the publication of Piketty’s magnum opus (2014), and a subsequent study by Chancel and Piketty (2017) of evolution of income inequality in India since 1922, the focus has shifted to the income disparity between the richest 1% (or 0.01%) and the bottom 50%. Their central argument is that the rapid growth of income at the top end of millionaires and billionaires is a by-product of growth. The present study extends this argument by linking it to poverty indices in India. Based on the India Human Development Survey 2005–12 – a nationwide panel survey-we examine the links between poverty and income inequality, especially in the upper tail relative to the bottom 50%, state affluence (measured in per capita income) and their interaction or their joint effect. Another feature of our research is that we analyse their effects on the FGT class of poverty indices. The results are similar in as much as direction of association is concerned but the elasticities vary with the poverty index. The growth elasticities are negative and significant for all poverty indices. In all three cases, the disparity between the income share of the top 1% and share of the bottom 50% is associated with greater poverty. These elasticities are much higher than the (absolute) income elasticities except in the case of the poverty gap. The largest increase occurs in the poverty gap squared – a 1% greater income disparity is associated with a 1.24% higher value of this index. Thus the consequences of even a small increase in the income disparity are alarming for the poorest.     

Collective and Elective Ethnicity: Caste Among Urban Muslims in India

This article explores how the significance of ethnic identity can vary within a stable population, using caste among Muslims in Hyderabad, India as a case study. While some Hyderabadi Muslims are still embedded in ethnic networks, most now experience ethnicity as elective and do not rely on a corporate caste group for their social connections. This reflects a decline in the value of caste identities, which no longer provide economic or political resources. Increasingly, Muslims seek status through education, profession, or income. Thus, most Muslims in Hyderabad experience caste membership, identity, and networks in a weakened or attenuated way.     

当代印度南部婆罗门状况的个案分析——以奈保尔《印度:百万叛变的今天》为例

当代印度社会正发生着极大的变动,社会各阶层都在极力维护固有地位和宗教传统的稳定,并极力在这种变动中争取着自身社会利益的最大化。其中,南印度婆罗门种姓在逐步丧失传统的各项特权和优势地位的同时,也在努力适应、应对当代社会的新变化和新挑战。英国作家V.S.奈保尔的《印度:百万叛变的今天》一书提供了较为翔实、客观的口述史资料。以书中生活在孟买、班加罗尔、马德拉斯、加尔各达等南印度城市中的当代婆罗门阶层作为个案,可探究出其面对传统社会生活中的各个层面发生变动时的态度与应对及个体内在的深层原因,并在一定程度上考察社会变动与文化传统之间的互动关系。     

中印英语教育之比较

中国印度都将英语作为第二语言进行教学。但是尽管教学目的相同 ,所采用的教学手段、教材和教学过程不尽相同。本文从分析中印教学手段的相似与差异入手 ,搜集本科英语专业教材 ,在分析教学大纲、教学和考试过程的基础上 ,同时考虑学生的基本条件、学制、课程等因素 ,试图获得进一步改革的新观念 ,为教学大纲的设计和课程的安排提供参考意见。     

中国古代文学教学与大学生创新能力的培养

中国古代文学是一份蕴涵丰富的创新教育素材,但在中国古代文学教学中实施创新教育却是一项复杂的系统工程。文章着重探讨在以知识经济为时代特征的21世纪,高等学校的中国古代文学教学在发挥学科优势、促进创新能力培养的过程中要应对的关键问题,其中包括中国古代文学课的创新教育素材的处理问题;如何对待原教科书的问题;如何对待本学科发展动态的问题等。     

深蕴着人情美的艺术珠玑——《古诗十九首》艺术特色谫论

《古诗十九首》不但把文学从经学中解放出来 ,而且在艺术上具有很高的成就。它善于借景抒情 ,又善于撷取抒情主人公瞬息的感情、生活片断来抒发主人公的内心情感 ,特别是在构思上具有很高的艺术性 ,真可谓钟嵘所说的“一字千金”     

论18世纪后期英国对中国西藏的渗透政策及其破产

在18世纪后期,英国受当时社会历史条件的限制,对我国西藏实行以建立直接交往关系为主的渗透政策。由于喜玛拉雅地区各国在历史上同我国西藏形成的密切关系及其在地缘政治上的屏障作用,英国在这一地区的扩张活动同它建立印藏直接交往的尝试一样,都是其对藏渗透政策的组成部分。英国在廓尔喀侵藏战争中的卑劣表演最终导致了其对藏渗透政策的彻底破产。     

试论米利都的文化中心地位及其成因

米利都是古希腊早期的文化中心 ,但由于相关资料的缺乏 ,它一直未引起史学界的广泛关注。文章通过论述米利都创始性的文化成就 ,从政治、经济、文化传统、对外交流 4个方面分析其成因 ,对米利都在古希腊文化史上的地位做出客观评价。     

中国古代时空秩序的修辞建构及其理据

根据日照长短和方向建构时空秩序,是中国古人对与自身生存息息相关的太阳长期细微观察的结果,这里存在着客观参照物的选择、主体思维方式以及学理层面的解释依据。     

试论印度穆斯林的分离主义——以赛义德、伊克巴尔、真纳为例

本文赛义德、伊克巴尔、真纳为例,论述印度穆斯林的分离主义。穆斯林分离主义源于赛义德;伊克巴尔第一次喊出了穆斯林单独建国的口号;真纳是穆斯林分离主义理论的集大成者和实行者。穆斯林的分离主义对印度次大陆的政治发展产生了巨大的影响,成为印度次大陆分裂的主要因素。