传承拓展与深化--张爱玲与王安忆都市小说创作比较一隅

张爱玲与王安忆是中国现当代文学史上两位重要的女作家,其都市小说创作有一定的相似性。从她们对都市女性生存境遇的刻画、对市民日常生活的描写及共有的怀旧意识三方面比较她们的异同,指出王安忆的都市小说创作在一定程度上传承了张爱玲的笔法,并拓展深化了都市小说的内涵,具有深远的意义。     

Resurrected pigs,dyed foxes and beloved cows: Religious diversity and nostalgia for socialism in rural Poland

The aim of my paper is to discuss the phenomenon of nostalgia for socialism in rural Poland. More precisely, I discuss how experiences of rurality and diverse religious beliefs intertwine with nostalgia. Depicting the memories of socialism, shared with me by the inhabitants of a multi-religious rural commune in Southern Poland, I aim to demonstrate the ways in which day-to-day experiences of rural life as well as religious diversity contribute to shaping people's remembrances. In order to do so, I describe both the present situation and the historical experiences of the inhabitants of the commune. I introduce representatives of different Christian communities – Roman Catholics, Greek Catholics, Orthodox and Pentecostals – and, by presenting their life stories, I address the issue of how villagers' religious creeds interrelate with the memories and (re)evaluation of the socialist past. My aim here is twofold. Firstly I aim to deconstruct the nostalgia for socialism, showing its complexity and proving that this nostalgia means in fact longing for very concrete experiences of rural life. Secondly, I argue that the study of various religious beliefs and practices is very important for a fuller interpretation of nostalgic discourses and responses to postsocialist transformations.     

“草根”情节和“乡愁”意识折射出的断层社会

从贾樟柯导演的第一部长片电影《小武》开始,其作品多次在各大国际电影节上斩获大奖,这与他坚持以现实主义风格创作是分不开的。他始终用冷静的思维和镜头语言,关注边缘人物的命运,描绘着这个真实世界所发生的故事。文章深入分析其电影《世界》抽象的叙事空间所要揭示的内涵,指出在“草根”情节和“乡愁”意识下,人在寻找自我和社会归属的同时迷失方向,从而对社会产生一定的反作用力而导致了社会的“断层”。     

乡愁的两种表达式——余光中《乡愁》与洛夫《边界望乡》比较

余光中《乡愁》和洛夫《边界望乡》为台湾乡愁诗歌的“双壁”。两位诗人都有着颠沛流离的人生经历,又不约而同走过由“西化”向传统回归的诗歌创作之路,时空阻隔所产生的乡愁为《乡愁》和《边界望乡》共同表现的内容。余光中《乡愁》在一静态的情境中创造完成,所表现出的乡愁情感具有普适性、共通性;诗作结构整齐,节奏静缓,意象朴素明朗,语言体现了一种纯净之美。坚持创造性为诗歌生命,洛夫近乡情怯而作《边界望乡》,抒发的是极具诗人个体性的乡愁体验;诗行参差,结构跌宕,节奏激越,意象新奇,诗歌语言散发出魔性的色彩。     

BECOMING HONG KONG,RAZING BAOAN,PRESERVING XIN'AN: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ACCOUNT OF URBANIZATION IN THE SHENZHEN SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE

Located just north of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, the largest and oldest of China's Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has been both a project and symbol of post-Mao modernization. In this paper, I trace how the Shenzhen built environment mediates images and experiences of ‘Hong Kong’, arguing that transnationality in the SEZ is an everyday practice where tradition, colonialism, and the Cold War provide raw materials for the local reworking of the changing relationship between the Chinese state apparatus and finance capital. My story has a double focus: the ideology of urbanization as modernization and historic preservation. On the one hand, the ideology of urbanization-as-modernization legitimates a spatial order in which the rural is always posed to be superseded by the urban. Both the rural and the urban are empty signifiers that are created through comparison and deployed to guide action. In this important sense,‘Hong Kong’ has been urban with respect to rural ‘Shenzhen’ (formerly Baoan County), even as ‘Shenzhen’ has been urban with respect to the Chinese hinterland (neidi). On the other hand, historic preservation domesticates ‘Hong Kong’ as Shenzhen's past through the figure of Xin'an County, the geographic predecessor of both Shenzhen and Hong Kong. These complimentary displacements produce a nostalgia peculiar to the SEZ: a desire for a past that entitles contemporary Shenzhen residents to Hong Kong's prosperity. This nostalgia is structured with reference to a shared origin - Xin'an County - where Hong Kong's postwar history (1950–1979) becomes the past that Shenzhen (rural Baoan) would have had, if not for a cruel twist of socialist fate.     

乡愁如流水--《看麦娘》与市民情调

池莉小说<看麦娘>在语言上具有流水叙述特色."看麦娘"象征平凡而又优美的双重人格,而父亲正是这种人格的代表."我"所全心依恋的是与父亲和上官瑞芳共同拥有的幼年生活环境,那里生长着"永远的看麦娘".小说意在创造一种都市乡愁,显示市民生活意念都市生活危险而真正理想的完美生活在过去.作家不应仅仅满足于市民情调的生产而是应适当探索市民生活价值的新取向.     

断肠声里忆先朝——从何满子传说看中晚唐社会心态及其对诗歌走向的影响

由于开元天宝宫廷盛行的乐曲能从多方面满足中晚唐人对大唐盛世的追念,遂成为那个时代最受青睐的怀旧介质,乐人的命运也得到了前所未有的关注.何满子临刑献曲的诸般传说,便是在这种社会氛围中产生的.强烈持久的怀旧心理必然影响文学创作,开元天宝史事轶闻成为中晚唐诗歌的重要题材之一.怀旧心理的自然走向,决定了这类诗歌除了始终萦回着的感伤情调之外,写作重心随着时间的流逝,从中唐的侧重猎奇,逐渐转为晚唐的侧重反思,后者在一定程度上推动了晚唐咏史诗的发展.     

跨越时空的人生叩问——弗罗斯特《未选择的路》与苏轼《和子由渑池怀旧》比较赏析

作为世界文坛的巨擘,罗伯特．弗罗斯特和苏轼各以其鲜明的风格,为世人留下了脍炙人口的诗篇。《未选择的路》和《和子由渑池怀旧》虽创作于不同的时空,却都表达了作者对人生之路和人生意义的探索和叩问。拟用辜正坤先生从美学角度提出的“五象美”理论,对两首诗进行比较赏析。     

DEFINING MOMENTS: THE TENSION BETWEEN RICHNESS AND REACH

The defining moments of traditional spatially based higher education are made up of fixed and fluid experiences. These 'moments' are now creaking as funding per student falls and the romanticized ideal of an education detached from 'real' life falters under the weight of highly variable student experiences. Distance learning in all its guises has always been regarded as inferior by those embedded in the traditional system. However more and more students demand something different from costly campus-based education. It is time for a more open discussion about the tensions between richness and reach and the role that new facilities like the Internet could play in reaching more students without wallowing in the nostalgia that often accompanies such debates.     

“怀旧风潮”影响下的大学生恋爱观

怀旧风潮是反映特定时期内社会中一定数量的人对于逝去的青春岁月的怀念的一种思想潮流,多伴随着对当前境况的不满与对年少时光的虚幻美化,具有社会历史性、群体趋同性、症候象征性和功利机动性的特征。怀旧风潮给大学生恋爱观带来了下述挑战:恋爱危机感持续得到强化、真实发生的青春历史在虚拟历史幻象中受到消解和遮蔽、理性的反思与判断被扭曲的事件陈述所取代和对大学生道德责任意识的弱化。基于上述问题,应发挥高校各类资源对恋爱观引导的合力作用,发挥兼具真实性与反思性的文艺作品的引导作用,发挥特色婚恋教育课程的助力作用和发挥社会、学校和家庭环境的熏陶作用。