西方服务营销研究的世纪回眸

自从营销学作为一门独立的学科以来 ,实体产品的营销一直作为主流学派主宰着理论界和实务界。但在 2 0世纪 80年代 ,服务营销走出了产品营销的窠臼 ,为营销学的发展开拓了新视野。本文借助UMI、EBSCD、ELSEVIER公司的电子文献库 ,对近 5 0年的服务营销研究进行了回顾 ,依各时期研究内容的不同 ,将这五十年的历程划分为四个阶段 ,并对各阶段研究的主要内容和特点作了简要评述     

唐代文学中灾异观念的表现

灾异观念是天人感应学说的重要内容,唐人因为推崇汉朝,对来自汉朝的思想观念接受较多,灾异观念在唐代甚为流行,其表现形式与汉朝略有不同。对文学创作的影响主要表现在政论、对策和诗歌中,该观念对唐代文学的作用小于瑞应和封禅。     

Catalogue of Group Structures for Three-level Fractional Factorial Designs

Taguchi (1959) introduced the concept of split-unit design to sort the factors into different groups depending upon the difficulties involved in changing the levels of factors. Li et al. (1991) renamed it as split-plot design. Chen et al. (1993) have given a catalogue of small designs for two- and three-level fractional factorial designs pertaining to a single type of factors. Aggarwal et al. (1997) have given a catalogue of group structure for two-level fractional factorial designs developed under the concept of split-plot design. In this paper, an algorithm has been developed for generating group structure and possible allocations for various 3^n-k fractional factorial designs.     

Issues in Second Language Acquisition

Input plays an important part in the acquisition of second language.This report will just focus on Krashen＇s Input Hypothesis and Long＇s Interaction Hypothesis concerning input.First a summary will be made about the two theories,and then the writer will make a comparison between the two.This report will conclude with the writer＇s observations of how her thinking about ＇input＇ has been clarified in the process of preparing and writing this report.     

蒙·元时期的波斯与中国

蒙·元时期蒙古人的西征和扩张以及由此形成的政治格局,致使亚欧陆地境域获得全面开放,加之东西方驿站通道的设置及伊利汗国与元廷始终保持着陆、海两道的密切联系,乃使这一时期中国与波斯的交往,较之以往大为拓展。而这时特殊的政治环境,又为大量波斯地区的回回人自觉或不自觉地东向迁移提供了便捷的条件。可以说,蒙·元时期中国与波斯间的人口往来,始终未曾间断。而随着他们的东来,波斯地区的学术、技艺等亦随之传播到元朝,因而大大丰富了中国文化的内容,并对元代中国文化产生了重大影响。     

场域转换与文化反哺:青年群体与变迁社会的信息互动

以布迪厄场域理论来考察不同社会形态下青年与社会的信息互动实践,发现青年与社会的信息互动在具有“位置-权力”关系的场域中展开,“位置-权力”关系通过信息资本的占有而建构。社会形态随技术变革更迭,青年与社会信息互动的场域逻辑与运行机制发生相应转变。从农耕社会到工业社会再到信息社会,青年与社会的互动场域变得多样,并且发生着从家庭向学校再向网络空间的偏向性转换,场域运行的推动力量也从时间权威向结构权威再向认同权威转换。可以说,青年与社会信息互动场域的转换,正是人类在不同社会形态下对“用时间消灭空间”的信息传播时空观的生产实践与社会表征。     

Effective elements of care-physical activity initiatives for adults with a low socioeconomic status: A concept mapping study with health promotion experts

In care-physical activity (care-PA) initiatives, primary care and sports are combined to stimulate PA among adults at risk of lifestyle related diseases. Preliminary results from Dutch care-PA initiatives for adults with a low socioeconomic status (SES) indicate a decrease in participants’ body weight and an improved quality of life, however, the elements that make these initiatives successful are yet to be identified. In total, 19 Dutch health promotion experts participated in our concept mapping (CM) of the effective elements of care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES. The experts identified 111 effective elements of these initiatives, which were grouped into 11 clusters, focusing on: 1) approaching participants within the care-PA initiative, 2) barriers experienced throughout the initiative, 3) long-term implementation, 4) customizing the care-PA initiative to the target population, 5) social support, 6) structure and guidance, 7) the professionals within the care-PA initiative, 8) the accessibility of the care-PA initiative, 9) targeted behaviour and progression, 10) recruitment and administration, and 11) intersectoral collaboration. CM was useful for creating a valuable overview of these effective elements. Our results could be used to improve the development and implementation of future care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES.     

区域性高校为地方经济社会发展服务探析

区域高校与地方经济社会关系密切。为地方经济和社会发展服务,是区域高校基本职能之一。高等教育与地方区域通过互动,求得双赢和发展,已成为一种必然趋势。区域性高校为地方经济社会发展服务的实现途径为：以区域经济社会发展为导向,培养各类应用型人才;发挥高校科研资源优势,提高区域创新能力;依托高校的“文化中心”功能,引领区域软实力的提升。     

教师教育政策公平的现实困境与有效路径

长期以来,我国东部发达地区、城市以及重点学校、公办学校优先发展的教师教育政策与战略从客观上造成了教师教育的区域、城乡、校际失衡,以至于教师教育政策陷入公平困境。而统筹教师教育的区域、城乡与校际均衡发展则成为教师教育政策公平的可能进路。     

新疆民考民大学生英语自主学习情况调查分析

文章通过摸底实验、问卷调查和访谈形式,对少数民族大学生的英语自主学习情况和思想动态做了一次全面调查。发现民考民大学生的英语自主学习情况不尽人意。民考民大学生在进行英语自主学习时,对老师能给予合适的帮助的期望值较高。认为民考民大学生的英语自主学习效果与教师的有效教学和指导紧密相关,自主学习应是教师与学生共同操作和完成的过程,是一个合作体,离开教师的有效教学和指导的自主学习只会使教与学步入困境,导致无效学习。