A content analysis of BP's press releases dealing with crisis

This study aims to analyze what kinds of frames have been used in British Petroleum's (BP's) press releases, which dealt with the Gulf oil spill crisis that occurred in April 2010. A content analysis was conducted to explore the different frames used by BP in its press releases to deal with the crisis. The main and sub themes are also analyzed through a content analysis of press releases. This study attempts to examine BP's crisis communication strategy through press release usage by closely analyzing the frames and themes that were used. This study found that BP attempted to update the public on what the company was doing to resolve the oil spill crisis, and that they made every effort to manage the crisis by using the company's official update frame. In addition, by using the social responsibility frame, BP aimed to show the public that they had intentions of taking responsibility for the oil spill. Finally, BP used a minimal number of defensive frames as a way of showing the public that they did not want to flee from the responsibility of the oil spill crisis.     

中美石油安全水平对经济增长影响的对比研究——基于灰色关联分析

为科学地评价比较中美石油安全水平对经济增长的影响程度,文章采用主成分分析方法,选取采储比水平、储量接替率、消费弹性系数、原油价格波动系数、对外依存度和石油占一次能源消费比重等6个要素指标,构成一个新的石油安全指标评价体系,并利用灰色关联方法比较分析了不同时间段内中美两国的石油安全水平与经济增长之间的关联度,得出自21世纪以来,美国经济发展对石油安全水平的依赖程度要远大于中国的结论。     

1870—1937年外国石油公司开拓中国市场活动探析

1870—1937年的中国石油市场是由几家大跨国石油公司开拓的。这些跨国石油公司受惠于不平等条约的保护,利用其雄厚的资本实力,构建了规模巨大的营销系统,并注意销售方式的改进,逐渐打开并占领了中国石油市场。在此过程中,形成了跨国石油公司在中国石油市场三足鼎立的局面。占领中国石油市场的大石油公司的强势地位对后来的中国石油事业的发展造成了一定影响。     

我国石油石化装备制造业发展的路径选择

我国石油石化装备制造业已具有一定基础,但与先进国家相比,还面临来自各方面的挑战。振兴我国石油石化装备制造业,要求我们做好以下几方面工作：一是强化规划科学引导,完善功能布局;二是发力高端装备制造,实现由大到强的战略转型;三是立足科学发展,着力增强自主创新能力;四是致力于国产化,提升石油石化装备国际话语权;五是努力拓展海外市场,寻求产业发展的更大空间;六是坚持走“绿色制造”之路,铸造新的辉煌。     

石油高校自动化专业学生创新能力培养

创新能力是现代大学生应该具备的优秀素质之一。石油院校要加强自动化专业学生创新能力培养,实现宽口径就业,推进创新型国家建设。本文从三方面阐述了培养学生创新能力的方法,首先要提高学生的质疑问难能力,以培养其自主的创新意识;其次要重视通过实践环节培养学生的动手能力、综合分析能力以及科学研究能力;最后,还要建设一只创新型的师资队伍,通过教师带动学生,从而培养创新能力。     

中东油气与中国石油发展的战略思考

在当前国际环境下,中国的石油安全战略应是开放和外向型的,其核心思想是“保内争外”,即中国政府应进一步加强对中国石油企业参与国际能源合作的宏观指导和支持;中国石油企业应加强国内油气资源的可持续开发和利用,坚持开展国际能源合作,直面国际博弈。中东国家油气资源丰富,且与中国关系友好,应是中国石油企业对外开展能源合作的首选地区。     

On the Risk Management and Risk Governance of Petroleum Operations in the Barents Sea Area

In this article, we discuss issues of risk management and risk governance with respect to petroleum operations in the Barents Sea area. We will focus on the decision problems related to whether or not to open the Barents Sea for petroleum activities in special vulnerable areas. We will explore to what extent the International Risk Governance Council risk governance framework provides valuable insights for and assistance to the decisionmaker and other stakeholders (including the industry and NGOs). The study covers issues related to risk assessment and appraisal, risk acceptance and tolerability, the use of the precautionary principle, risk perception, stakeholder involvement, risk communication, and risk management. The overall aim of the article is to point to areas where the risk governance could have been and can be improved for these and similar decision problems.     

新世纪中国对中东产油国的石油外交

石油需求在中国能源发展中以不以人们意志为转移的方式增长。中国的石油外交也成为新世纪中国外交的主旋律。中东石油在中国海外油源中占有特殊地位，中国非常重视发展与中东产油国的能源合作关系。国家利益是国际关系中驱动国家互动的最基本要素，中国石油外交最重要的考量亦是国家利益，中国对中东产油国的石油外交具有政治与经济利益相辅相成、互动互利的特点。石油对中国经济持续高速增长极为重要，“石油经济”成为中国经济持续增长的关键，由此凸现了石油外交对中国经济发展的重要性。     

BP initial image repair strategies after the Deepwater Horizon spill

The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig exploded on April 20, 2010 off the coast of Louisiana, and the ensuing oil spill caused substantial economic and environmental damage to states on the U.S. Gulf Coast. British Petroleum received strong public criticism for its role in the disaster and quickly attempted image repair strategies. These strategies centered on describing what they were doing to correct the problem and compensate the victims, but did not include strategies such as shifting the blame to the other companies involved nor admitting their own blame. This study applies Benoit's work in Image Repair to a content analysis of the press releases from British Petroleum in the initial aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon spill. We also note the difficulty of using this theory to capture the nuances of responses.     

日苏"北库页岛利权"之争

“北库页岛利权”问题 ,是第二次世界大战前及战中 ,日苏两国调整关系过程中的矛盾焦点。苏联在国力暂时软弱情况下 ,为换取日本撤军被迫签定“利权”合同。随着国力的增强 ,特别是二战爆发后日本急于“北守南进”,苏联要求解除“利权”合同 ,最后在日本处于战场极为不利的形势下 ,“利权”合同被解除。日苏“北库页岛利权”之争 ,实质上是该岛石油控制权之争。