古代突厥语民族的民间竞技与游戏——以《突厥语大词典》和《福乐智慧》为例

文章主要收集了《突厥语大词典》和《福乐智慧》中的民间竞技与游戏的语言材料,通过古代突厥语民族的赛马、射箭、马球、达瓦孜、投掷等体育竞技与游戏,试图再现他们当时的社会生活概貌。     

喀喇汗王朝时期的社会文化

喀喇汗王朝 (840 年~1212 年) 在我国漠北建立鄂尔浑回纥汗国之后, 以回鹘为主体西迁的”九姓铁勒”或“九姓回纥”部落在西域建立了地域非常辽阔、文化高度发展、统治时间比较长的强大王朝。本文概述了喀喇汗王朝时期的维吾尔族语言文化、科学文化、音乐艺术等社会文化。     

北亚突厥百年研究(1900-2000年)

突厥是生活在我国北方的一个游牧民族。其在公元六世纪中叶,兴起于今新疆东北部,势力扩大到漠北、漠南及中亚一带,衰于八世纪中叶。本文综述阿尔泰以东的突厥即传统上所说的东突厥的范围近百余年的研究。包括族源、族属、社会性质、社会经济、语言、文字、习俗、宗教、碑文、官号、与周边各族各国间的关系和其他方面的内容。通过这些研究,可以发现我国学者在百年来对突厥巨大成就,使国际学术同行了解我国学者在这一领域取得的成果,促进此方面的进一步研究。该文可能对方家一些著述有遗漏,或者评述失当之处,请予指教。     

Austin Turk,stratification reinforcers and reversals,and traffic ticket decisions by Boston police during April and May of 2001

Austin Turk theorizes that places in stratification hierarchies affect police–citizen encounters by reinforcing or reversing the positional authority of police officers. To this point, however, there have been only three direct tests of the stratification portions of Turk's theory. Two examined overt conflict and all represented Turk's concepts using aggregated measures. The results are mixed. The present research adds a fourth test to the stratification and policing literatures by examining the effects of aggregated as well as disaggregated measures of stratification reinforcers and reversals on traffic ticket decisions by Boston police officers during April and May of 2001. Net of important control measures, there is no support for Turk's theory using the aggregated stratification measures employed in previous research. However, support for Turk's theory is clearly visible when viewed through the lens of some of the disaggregated stratification measures advanced for the first time in present research. We conclude that more research is needed to determine whether stratification reinforcers and reversals are among the factors affecting people in police blue and the people they police, with a sustained focus on both aggregated and disaggregated measures.     

车鼻施的崛兴

本文就其名不显的车鼻施部名展开讨论，探求其渊源由来与发展线索，通过史料认定其在历史上应有的地位，以恢复历史的本来面目。     

契丹与突厥的关系及影响

契丹的兴起与突厥的关系较为密切,突厥强大并称霸东亚时,契丹族则依附之.中原王朝强大而突厥衰落之时,契丹族就叛离突厥依附于中原王朝.契丹对突厥时而依附时而叛离,这种关系对于契丹的发展既有利也有弊,虽然契丹依附于突厥被迫接受其统治,但在客观上增强了契丹民族凝聚力,同时契丹主动与中原王朝接触,有利于经济的发展,文化的繁荣.     

突厥政权和亲史述略

和亲,是古代政权对外交往的一种主要形式,突厥政权也一贯重视和亲策略的运用以服务于其政权扩张和发展战略。突厥汗国、东突厥汗国、西突厥汗国、后突厥汗国政权的和亲策略演变与政权的重大战略是一致的。而相应政权与突厥的和亲互动对双方的发展进程影响都较突出。梳理突厥政权的和亲策略演变进程,有助于理解突厥政权的演变。     

儒学在吐蕃的传播及其影响

吐蕃文化是集多种文化于一身的文化体系,儒家文化是其中重要的一部分。通过吐蕃统治者派子弟入国学受教育、和亲、使者往来等途径,儒学传入吐蕃,并对其政治、文化及社会生活等方面产生了深刻影响。     

Statistical considerations for crowdsourced perceptual ratings of human speech productions

Crowdsourcing has become a major tool for scholarly research since its introduction to the academic sphere in 2008. However, unlike in traditional laboratory settings, it is nearly impossible to control the conditions under which workers on crowdsourcing platforms complete tasks. In the study of communication disorders, crowdsourcing has provided a novel solution to the collection of perceptual ratings of human speech production. Such ratings allow researchers to gauge whether a treatment yields meaningful change in how human listeners' perceive disordered speech. This paper will explore some statistical considerations of crowdsourced data with specific focus on collecting perceptual ratings of human speech productions. Random effects models are applied to crowdsourced perceptual ratings collected in both a continuous and binary fashion. A simulation study is conducted to test the reliability of the proposed models under differing numbers of workers and tasks. Finally, this methodology is applied to a data set from the study of communication disorders.     

自然灾害与唐初东突厥之衰亡

唐贞观初年漠南地区发生了严重的自然灾害 ,东突厥的各种社会矛盾都在这场空前的灾害中被暴露和激化。灾害使东突厥社会陷入全面危机 ,并最终导致东突厥的衰亡。从东突厥的衰亡 ,我们也可以看出在古代社会中灾害对游牧民族历史发展的重要影响和维护民族团结对于游牧民族抗御自然灾害的重要意义