亚里士多德《修辞学》中“dialectic”一词的翻译

正确理解术语“dialectic”是理解亚里士多德修辞学的关键之一。这一术语在亚里士多德《修辞学》的两个中译本中有着“论辩术”和“辩证法”两个不同的译名。文章试从词源、词义的演变、词的译介以及亚里士多德本人的观点四个方面探讨“dialectic”的意义和翻译，指出“辩证法”译名的不科学性，并提出了翻译处理的建议。     

从教育思想和实践看孔子的哲学观

通过对孔子的教育思想和实践等方面的分析,指出由于孔子生活的时代对其哲学思想的影响,孔子的思想具有唯心主义和形而上学的阴影,孔子世界观中蕴含着宝贵的朴素唯物论和辩证法思想。     

Estimation of Nonparametric Models With Simultaneity

We introduce methods for estimating nonparametric, nonadditive models with simultaneity. The methods are developed by directly connecting the elements of the structural system to be estimated with features of the density of the observable variables, such as ratios of derivatives or averages of products of derivatives of this density. The estimators are therefore easily computed functionals of a nonparametric estimator of the density of the observable variables. We consider in detail a model where to each structural equation there corresponds an exclusive regressor and a model with one equation of interest and one instrument that is included in a second equation. For both models, we provide new characterizations of observational equivalence on a set, in terms of the density of the observable variables and derivatives of the structural functions. Based on those characterizations, we develop two estimation methods. In the first method, the estimators of the structural derivatives are calculated by a simple matrix inversion and matrix multiplication, analogous to a standard least squares estimator, but with the elements of the matrices being averages of products of derivatives of nonparametric density estimators. In the second method, the estimators of the structural derivatives are calculated in two steps. In a first step, values of the instrument are found at which the density of the observable variables satisfies some properties. In the second step, the estimators are calculated directly from the values of derivatives of the density of the observable variables evaluated at the found values of the instrument. We show that both pointwise estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal.     

邓小平和谐社会思想的辩证特色

邓小平关于和谐社会的论述蕴涵着辩证法思想,集中体现在和谐社会是民主与法治的辩证统一、公平与效率的辩证统一、改革与稳定的辩证统一、人与自然的辩证统一等方面,这四个方面的论述形成了具有辩证特色的邓小平和谐社会思想.     

歧路上的辩证逻辑

中国的辩证逻辑研究在苏联哲学问题编辑部《逻辑问题讨论总结》误导下,抛弃了形式逻辑,只研究认识过程中的辩证思维阶段,走上了歧途。恩格斯的“辩证逻辑”,是“辩证的逻辑”的误译。辩证逻辑不仅名不正,言也不顺:研究对象和研究方法都偏离了黑格尔奠基的大方向。     

‘What Was I Thinking?!’ Rhetorical Questions as a Technique to Identify and Explore Impasses in Therapy

Rhetorical questions emerging spontaneously in consultations can be used as a tool for developing self‐reflexivity and exploring the therapeutic alliance in the process of therapy with couples and families. This paper presents a technique based on the enunciation of rhetorical questions, which can point to an impasse in the process of therapy and contain a key to its resolution. The technique focuses on the distinctive feature of rhetorical questions as convening a paradoxical injunction: a question not intended as a question, while uttered as such. The technique in four steps is illustrated by examples from therapy, supervision, consultation, and self‐supervision. Its focus is the interlink between the therapeutic relationship and the process of therapy and it is informed by a second‐order cybernetics approach, dialogical practice, and the systemic literature on emotion. The technique can help develop curiosity in working with families, lead to unforeseen developments, and touch on prejudices not made explicit in previous therapeutic encounters. Whether we are acting as supervisors, therapists, or clients, the creation of a ‘secure enough’ context for rhetorical questions becomes critical to allow freeform exploration.     

论我国城市房屋拆迁立法的应然思路——一个物权法的思考视角

我国城市土地物权制度的特殊结构决定了我国城市房屋拆迁模式必然异于发达的市场经济国家。在我国立法可以采取的三种城市房屋拆迁模式中,包含有四层复杂法律关系的政府主导型拆迁模式最适合我国国情。因此,我国未来城市房屋拆迁立法应以政府主导型拆迁模式为基础,并以协商型拆迁与折衷型拆迁模式为补充。     

重在和谐发展——关于建设社会主义新农村的辩证思考

社会主义新农村建设是一项非常复杂的系统工程,涉及许多问题需要我们进行理性分析和辨证思考。而这些问题的核心,归根到底就是和谐问题,例如硬件与软件的改善、政府与农民的和谐、长远与现实的统一等问题。     

论建设型财政时期陈云对遏制投资饥渴的贡献

新中国60年的经济发展历程,从财政史的角度看,经历了一个由建设型财政向公共型财政转变的过程.在1949～1984年建设型财政时期,陈云为遏制政府投资饥渴症,力求实现财政平衡和改善积累与消费的关系做出了重要贡献,其思想和实践具有重要的现实指导意义.     

德沃金的建构性解释与反思平衡

“反思平衡”是一种道德原则或道德理论的证立方法,其具体过程可以分为四个阶段.反思平衡包括狭窄的反思平衡和宽泛的反思平衡,二者追求的目标分别是局部融贯和整体融贯.德沃金的“建构性解释”方法是反思平衡在法理学中的应用.建构性解释中的“符合”和“最佳”维度分别体现了狭窄的反思平衡和宽泛的反思平衡的要求.