美国的中国形象与华裔美国文学

为了纠正白人主流社会霸权话语对美国华裔的种族定型,汤婷婷、赵健秀和徐忠雄等华裔作家试图在作品中颠覆美国的东方主义叙述,建立华美英雄传统。他们运用米歇尔．福柯的“对抗记忆”理论,解构美国社会霸权话语对中国形象的套话,重构曾被静音、扭曲和误现的美国华裔和华美历史,使得华裔在美国争得发言权,以此填补美国历史的“断层”。这就是美国华裔学应该肩负起来的使命。     

Twitter activism and youth in South Africa: the case of #RhodesMustFall

This article uses the South African student-led campaign known as Rhodes Must Fall, commonly referred to simply as #RMF, to explore youth activism and counter-memory via social networking site Twitter. The RMF campaign took place at the University of Cape Town and comprised student-led protests, which campaigned to remove the statue of British colonialist Cecil John Rhodes, as activists argued that it promoted institutionalized racism and promoted a culture of exclusion particularly for black students. Through a qualitative content analysis of tweets and a network analysis using NodeXL, this article argues that despite the digital divide in South Africa, and limited access to the internet by the majority of citizens, Twitter was central to youth participation during the RMF campaign, reflecting the politics and practices of counter-memory but also setting mainstream news agendas and shaping the public debate. The article further argues that the #RMF campaign can be seen a collective project of resistance to normative memory production. The analysis demonstrates how social media discussions should not be viewed as detached from more traditional media platforms, particularly, as in this case, they can set mainstream news agendas. Moreover, the article argues that youth are increasingly using social networking sites to develop a new biography of citizenship which is characterized by more individualized forms of activism. In the present case, Twitter affords youth an opportunity to participate in political discussions, as well as discussions of broader socio-political issues of relevance in contemporary South African society, reflecting a form of subactivism.