福柯的自我建构理论及其教育意义

在当前对福柯理论所进行的探讨中,我们对福柯的诸如权力/知识、话语等理论给予了很多的关注,却很少关注福柯的自我建构理论及其所具有的意义.因此,本文立足于福柯的自我建构理论,通过对自我建构所运用的技术,来指出自我建构理论的实质内涵,以及其深层次下权力/知识、话语的作用,以此来认识自我建构的理论所具有的教育内涵,它对教育所产生的影响,最后对这种理论进行简要的评价.     

“倾斜”“反哺”“预警”——解决中部地区“三农”问题的对策

面对我国板块构造式区域经济发展格局中"中部塌陷"的现实,作为我国粮食主产区的中部地区应采取"倾斜""反哺""预警"三大对策来解决"三农"问题.倾斜对策是针对农村发展的,主要措施是权力向县级组织倾斜,资源向县城及农产品加工园区倾斜,政策向农村基础设施建设和农业产业化发展倾斜;反哺是针对农业发展的,措施是沿海工业发达地区反哺中部粮食主产区;预警是保护农民利益的,措施是实施农民利益预警调控.     

霍兰的涌现性思想评析

霍兰在复杂性系统科学方面提出复杂自适应系统(CAS)理论.他提出的涌现性理论对创新研究具有重要意义.对霍兰的科学思想渊源关系、遗传算法、CAS理论、涌现性方面的奠基性工作加以详细研究和评述,进而确立了霍兰在遗传算法、复杂性系统科学上的奠基性地位.     

Attracting Micro‐Enterprises To Learning

Micro‐enterprises, i.e. firms with less than 10 employees, are traditionally the hardest to engage in learning; they are also least likely to participate in such measures as business advice and guidance provision and initiatives to support information communication technology (ICT) adoption. Through a community‐based initiative initially targeting parents (unemployed or employed) to participate in ICT, 30 micro‐enterprises were attracted to learning for the first time. These companies had carefully avoided similar initiatives taking place locally, which emphasized business success and growth; they had only participated in this ICT skills training because of their children. The paper takes a case study approach to evaluate the reasons for participation, explores barriers and implications for those organizing similar activities, and calls for a more holistic view of owners and managers of small firms as fathers, mothers, etc. rather than just as ‘entrepreneurs’.     

零售企业数字化转型对经营效率的影响研究——基于上市企业年报的文本挖掘分析

在构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局下,零售企业数字化转型具有重要的现实意义。基于2010—2019年中国实体上市零售企业的年报信息,采用文本挖掘法测算了零售企业的数字化转型水平,并实证检验了零售企业数字化转型对经营效率的影响机制与效应。实证结果表明,数字化转型显著促进了零售企业经营效率的提升。从影响机制来看,数字化转型通过扩大市场规模和改善管理效率对经营效率产生正向影响;从数字化转型的分维度来看,数字化技术的应用对经营效率的提升有显著促进作用,而数字化商业模式和数字化渠道的作用不显著。从异质性分析来看,数字化转型对零售企业经营效率的提升效应主要体现在国有企业当中;规模过大会抑制零售企业数字化转型对经营效率的提升作用;东中部地区零售企业数字化转型对提升经营效率的影响显著,但是这一影响在西部地区并不显著。因此,加快推进数字化转型升级,加大数字化技术应用力度,发挥国有企业示范作用,以及克服“大企业病”,均是促进零售企业经营效率提升的关键。     

Information and communications technologies, strategic asymmetry and national security

In the history of warfare, there are a number of examples of strategic uses of asymmetric technologies. Consistent with history and theory, individuals, organizations and nations have spotted opportunities to employ information and communications technologies to gain and exploit asymmetric advantages and to counter asymmetric weaknesses. This article discusses various asymmetries associated with institutions, nations and organizations that influence the ICT-national security nexus. Regulative, normative and cognitive institutions in a country provide various mechanisms that affect the nature of positive and negative asymmetries. Nations and organizations also differ in terms of their capability to assimilate ICT tools to gain positive asymmetries and deal with vulnerabilities of negative asymmetries. Integrative approaches that combine policy and technological measures at various levels are likely to make the world more secure.     

战略性新兴产业集群协同发展的综述与评析

集群化是战略性新兴产业发展的重要模式和主要路径.针对我国战略性新兴产业集群发展中面临的产业技术储备不足与市场培育相对滞后并存的问题,从产业集群、战略性新兴产业集群、产业集群协同发展等理论以及与生态学融合发展视角,综述了战略性新兴产业集群协同发展的相关理论基础,探寻现有理论研究的一般规律以及存在的“缺口”,并分析了下一步研究可以拓展的方向,即结合我国战略性新兴产业集群协同发展的特点,将生态位理论嫁接、融合到产业集群理论中,重点剖析战略性新兴产业集群发展中的“技术生态位—市场生态位”协同跃迁的作用机理,由此提出相关的机制、政策等.     

基于梁模型的管路振动主动控制器设计

以计划行为理论为基础,利用调研获取的农户数据,分析了农户当前对于低碳属性农业技术的采用现状,并采用多层Logistic回归模型估计了农业项目和农户两个层面因素对农户低碳农业技术后续采用意愿所产生的影响。结果表明：农户对于低碳农业技术采用后的效果评价较好,技术需求度和后续采用意愿均处于较高的水平上,并且不同类型农户对当前低碳农业技术的采用程度、偏好程度存在一定差异;农业生产项目和农户经营主体两个层面的因素均对农户低碳农业技术后续采用意愿产生重要影响,且对于不同类型农户后续采用意愿的作用效果存在一定差异,其中农业项目的地理特征、经济效益、资金技术要素投入强度和农户的行为意向产生的影响作用较强;农户技术采用强度受到农户个体特征和行为意向的显著影响,且作用效果在不同类型农户之间存在明显差异。     

Analysis of Regional Scale Risk of Whirling Disease in Populations of Colorado and Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Using a Bayesian Belief Network Model

Introduction and spread of the parasite Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease, has contributed to the collapse of wild trout populations throughout the intermountain west. Of concern is the risk the disease may have on conservation and recovery of native cutthroat trout. We employed a Bayesian belief network to assess probability of whirling disease in Colorado River and Rio Grande cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus and Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis, respectively) within their current ranges in the southwest United States. Available habitat (as defined by gradient and elevation) for intermediate oligochaete worm host, Tubifex tubifex, exerted the greatest influence on the likelihood of infection, yet prevalence of stream barriers also affected the risk outcome. Management areas that had the highest likelihood of infected Colorado River cutthroat trout were in the eastern portion of their range, although the probability of infection was highest for populations in the southern, San Juan subbasin. Rio Grande cutthroat trout had a relatively low likelihood of infection, with populations in the southernmost Pecos management area predicted to be at greatest risk. The Bayesian risk assessment model predicted the likelihood of whirling disease infection from its principal transmission vector, fish movement, and suggested that barriers may be effective in reducing risk of exposure to native trout populations. Data gaps, especially with regard to location of spawning, highlighted the importance in developing monitoring plans that support future risk assessments and adaptive management for subspecies of cutthroat trout.     

漯河市新兴产业发展政策研究

近年来漯河大量承接产业转移,一些能源企业、电子信息技术企业、生物制药企业落户漯河。以这些企业为代表的新兴产业在漯河逐步兴起,因此,应从政策引导、规划设计、财政扶持和人才培养等政策层面鼓励和刺激新兴产业的崛起。