A Review of Kyoto Protocol Adoption in Russia: Joint Implementation in Focus

Russia’s role in ‘animation’ of the Kyoto Protocol was crucial. Its initial vacillation on ratification was predominantly due to political bargaining with the EU. Domestic economic rationales [i.e. impacts of emission trading and Joint Implementation (JI) projects] were important to a much lesser extent and environmental motives did not seem to play any role in the decision. Since the Protocol entered into force, there have been significant delays in complete establishment of policy implementation frameworks, which are necessary for Russia to start benefiting from JI and emission trading. Only recently, in 2007, have GHG inventories and a national registry been established and the responsibilities for implementation of the Protocol and JI among the government departments have been distributed only to a certain extent. Some constraints hindering JI projects, such as vague legislation, an unfavourable economic climate, lack of commitment to JI projects, corruption, xenophobia, state and agency ‘capture’ still remain.      

A population sample registry for public health survey investigations: methods,lessons, and successes

Public health relies on sample surveys to monitor the health of populations and investigate factors that contribute to population health and illness. Such investigations require surveying individuals who are selected in ways that support statistical inference to the population. Faced with rising costs and declining participation, survey researchers are exploring economical ways to recruit samples that validly represent larger populations. The current report describes an innovative resource, the Colorado Adult Population Sample–Survey Research Registry, which maintains survey access to respondents from a probability-based state health survey. We describe recruitment and retention strategies, explore representativeness, report several studies that used the registry, and discuss future directions.     

论外层空间物体的登记国

外层空间物体的登记国是指依《登记公约》进行登记的一个发射国。当存在多个发射国时,应当共同决定登记国。在无法达成一致时,应按照一定的规则确定登记国。如果外层空间物体所有权转移给其他发射国,可以进行变更登记;如果转移给非发射国,则不能由非发射国进行登记,但非发射国可以对外层空间物体行使管辖权或控制权。外层空间物体的登记对登记国具有一定的法律效果。     

注册表与系统安全

通过对Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ ９８中的注册表的各键值的分析与研究，解决系统安全的一些关键问题。     

论物权的公示与公信原则

物权的公示是物权权利的公示 ,而不是通说所谓的物权变动行为的公示。同时 ,动产物权的公示方法是占有而不是交付 ,不动产物权的公示方法是登记簿而不是登记。物权一经公示 ,应产生公信力 ,以保护交易安全和善意第三人的利益。因此 ,在立法上 ,应当确立动产善意取得制度 (占有的公信力 )和不动产登记簿的公信力制度     

对付恶意网站修改主页的思想方法

在浏览网络信息的过程中，不时会见到形形色色的广告，一不小心就会被广告误导，主页被修改．Internet Explorer工具选项栏默认主页按钮颜色暗淡，无法恢复，利用最新版本的修改软件去修也无能为力．通过将修改注册表和扫描Windows系统中的件内容相结合的办法可以用手工办法来对付恶意网站的攻击，清除其恶意网站对自己浏览器主页的强行占领．     

海峡两岸海上直航的现状及对策

台湾海峡两岸隔岸相望,近在咫尺,却人为地阻隔了50年.随着两岸贸易量的增长,民众的频繁往来,“三通”的呼声日益高涨.近年来,经两岸航运及各界人士的共同努力,海上通航已迈出了可喜的一步.随着中国加入WTO,“直航”更显迫切.海峡两岸应求同存异,以务实的方法尽快解决“三通”问题.     

流动人口的职业结构与分层机制

文章运用职业分层指数这一社会成员共同的分层标准来分析流动人口的职业阶层结构。通过对农业流动人口与非农业流动人口职业分层结构的比较,发现：流动人口从整体来看多处于中下层职业,非农业流动人口处于中上层职业的比农业流动人口多;从职业类别来看,流动人口集中于技术类职业和简单劳动类职业。由此推论,户籍和职业之间的关系正在由农业与非农业户籍和农业与非农劳动的高度一致性转向本地与非本地户籍和权力与非权力职业之间的重合,这样的结果必然导致流动人口在流入地的融入只能是功能需求性的融合,而不是同质性的融合。     

户籍改革背景下农村耕地流转：问题与应对——以安徽省为例

户籍改革背景下,促进农村耕地合理流转对于引导农村剩余劳动力向中小城市合理转移、提高农村耕地生产效率具有重要意义。来自安徽省的调查结果显示,尽管耕地流转规模不断增大,但现行农村社会保障体系影响了农民流转耕地的主观意愿;土地承包经营权社会保障性与物权性的冲突及土地流转中介组织的缺位成为耕地流转的客观阻碍。因此,应当积极推进户籍改革,健全农村社会保障体系,协调土地承包经营权社会保障性与物权性的冲突,培育和规范农村土地流转中介组织,促进农村耕地合理流转。     

Evaluation of incomplete multiple diagnostic tests,with an application in the colon cancer family registry study

Accurate diagnosis of a molecularly defined subtype of cancer is often an important step toward its effective control and treatment. For the diagnosis of some subtypes of a cancer, a gold standard with perfect sensitivity and specificity may be unavailable. In those scenarios, tumor subtype status is commonly measured by multiple imperfect diagnostic markers. Additionally, in many such studies, some subjects are only measured by a subset of diagnostic tests and the missing probabilities may depend on the unknown disease status. In this paper, we present statistical methods based on the EM algorithm to evaluate incomplete multiple imperfect diagnostic tests under a missing at random assumption and one missing not at random scenario. We apply the proposed methods to a real data set from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) colon cancer family registry on diagnosing microsatellite instability for hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer to estimate diagnostic accuracy parameters (i.e. sensitivities and specificities), prevalence, and potential differential missing probabilities for 11 biomarker tests. Simulations are also conducted to evaluate the small-sample performance of our methods.