高校坚持先进文化前进方向应抓住"四个必须"

高校在贯彻落实党的十六大精神,全面建设小康社会的实践中,要做先进文化前进方向的忠实代表,必须加强对师生的理想信念教育、必须提高师生的科学文化素质、必须加强校园思想文化阵地建设、必须加强教师队伍建设.     

The complexity of diversity and importance for equitable philanthropy

The current U.S. climate of racial and social injustice has prompted a renewed call for diverse and equitable ways to rethink community philanthropy. Community foundations are vehicles for community philanthropy which offer vast benefits for social improvement and community development. The board of directors ensures these organizations fulfill their mission, making decisions on funding priorities and holding the organization functionally and fiscally responsible. Drawing on constructs of diversity and representative bureaucracy and a case study of Florida community foundations, we suggest that diversity is understood in different ways and the presence of diverse board members may be linked to advancing the interests of diverse communities and in achieving outcomes that assist in the needs of certain social groups. Increased understanding of diversity can improve foundation and philanthropic effectiveness and bring broader social change by promoting equity and social justice among community‐based philanthropic organizations.     

我国股东代表诉讼实用性的经济学分析

设置股东代表诉讼的目的是为了完善公司治理,强化股东的经营监督和抑制违法的作用。但由于股东提起代表诉讼是为了公司和全体股东的利益,如何降低原告股东的诉讼成本对实现股东代表诉讼的立法目的具有重要的意义。     

论检察机关在环境公益诉讼中的法律地位

环境的公共性和检察权的公益性决定了检察机关有义务介入环境公益诉讼。关于检察机关在环境公益诉讼中的法律地位问题,学者们提出了不同的主张。在环境公益诉讼中检察机关只以一种身份出现的观点是片面的,环境公益诉讼的多样性决定了检察机关介入环境公益诉讼法律地位的多样性。在环境公益诉讼中检察机关的恰当角色是,根据案件的类型不同,分别以支持起诉人身份、准原告人身份、公益代表人身份出现,角色混乱将会造成事与愿违的效果。     

Risk factors for child maltreatment in South Korea: An investigation of a nationally representative sample

This study investigated the risk factors associated with the occurrence of child physical and psychological abuse in South Korea based on the ecological theory of child maltreatment. A subsample of 3‐ to 18‐year‐old children from “A Study on the Current State of Child Abuse and Neglect,” a nationally representative study on child abuse and neglect, was utilized for secondary data analysis. The sample was divided into two age groups (third graders in elementary school and below and fourth graders and above). We utilized hierarchical logistic regression for each age group separately to analyze the data. The variables at each level of the system (i.e., ontogenic development, microsystem, and exosystem) were entered into the model in sequential order. The results showed the common risk factors for both age groups are the caregiver's experience of abuse in childhood, the child's problem behavior, exposure to domestic violence, community size, and informal social control. The child's age was also significant in both groups but in the opposite direction. Social support was a significant predictor for the younger age group only, while the caregiver's level of education was significant for the older age group only. Implications for future research and practice are discussed based on the study results.     

我国证券集团诉讼制度的构建

证券侵权行为的损害后果具有“小额多数”的特征,我国现行的单独诉讼、共同诉讼由于其自身的局限性而无法适应此类群体纠纷中保护分散性利益、制裁群体性侵害、为公众提供有效救济途径的需要,因此有必要建立专门的证券集团诉讼制度。借鉴美国证券集团诉讼制度的经验,改变人数不确定的代表人诉讼机制,是现阶段的可行之选。     

论全国人大代表比之重构

我国全国人民代表大会的代表数额分配的比例没有法定约束,地区与职业代表之间代表比的差别悬殊大。为了克服上述弊端,全国人大代表制度改革的方向是以废除职业代表制,落实公民实质平等选举权,照顾少数民族和人口较少区域为原则,废除预留代表惯例,完善华侨与港澳台代表之选举。     

对集体化时期农村妇女组织工作的思考——以山西省忻县东楼公社为例

妇女组织是提倡解放妇女话语背景下的产物。在集体化这一特殊时期,为发动妇女参与社会主义革命与建设,农村妇女组织积极履行自己的工作职能。它们在共产党的领导下,以实现男女平等、妇女解放为目标,致力于动员妇女参加生产劳动、政治事务以及维护妇女利益。这些工作对当时农村妇女生活方式产生了重要影响。在当时的政治背景下,妇女组织的工作职能不仅切实维护了妇女群众的利益,同时也赋予了时代特征,表现出的政治色彩较为浓厚。     

论环境侵权民事诉讼的适格当事人

按照民事诉讼法"原告必须与本案有直接利害关系"的规定,环境侵权民事诉讼的适格原告包括行政机关、企业法人、农村集体组织及公民等类型,其中普通民众作为原告容易形成群体性共同诉讼,并对我国的代表人诉讼制度提出迫切需求,而一般民众的惧诉现实也急需环保机关及环保民间组织等单位予以支持起诉,现实更需要立法赋予更多的民事主体能成为环境侵权诉讼的适格原告。对环境侵权诉讼适格被告应根据不同的共同环境侵权类型及相应的责任承担方式予以认定,并对原告的选择被告处分权作出适当干预。     

政府管理与群众自治的衔接机制研究——从强化基层人大代表的功能着力

随着农村社会的变迁和现代国家的建构,中国基层治理模式将由上下隔离的板块式治理向上下衔接的网格化治理转变。网格化治理除了需要从国家行政权力的角度打通政府管理与群众自治联结的途径以外,还必须从政治的层面打通政府管理与群众自治联结的渠道。通过强化基层人大代表的功能,来保障不断下沉的基层行政权力的合法性,这种做法更符合法意和民意;同时还保证了基层群众的自治性,从而使村庄的自治权力从悬空状态落到实处。通过人大代表功能的发挥使村民制度化地参与到基层政府管理当中,从而建立有效的政府管理与群众自治的衔接机制。