Incumbent capability enhancement in response to radical innovations

Schumpeterian market disequilibrium marked by entrepreneurial entry and incumbent exit has long held an important place in management literature. The extant literature has overwhelmingly championed the newcomer, despite incumbents' obvious advantages in resources, experience and market knowledge. The current research provides evidence for the effectiveness of the incumbent's strategy of capability enhancement (along an established technological trajectory) while responding to radical technological innovations. We develop a cognitive process model that integrates managerial cognition with capability development and deployment views, depicting the dynamics of the incumbent's capability enhancement process. We analyze the cognitive drivers of organizational actions in all stages (rigidity, triggering event, and capability renewal) and elucidate the role of top management cognition in the processes of detecting and correcting errors in a strategic course of action. We ground our model in the case of a cork-stopper industry veteran's decline as corks ceded ground to screw tops and other stoppers in the wine industry. How a major company fought back in response to the emergence of these, in the industry context, radical technological innovations, provides the basis for our narrative. The proposed theoretical model contributes to literature on technology management (with regard to incumbent strategies in response to radical innovation threats) as well as the role of cognition in strategy (providing an explanation of the cognitive underpinnings of capability development).     

浅探交际教学法和语法教学法在英语教学中的结合

通过分析交际教学法和语法教学法自身的特点和各自在英语教学中的优势与局限 ,指出将两者结合应用应是现阶段大学英语教学最理想的教学模式 ,并从教学目的、教学对象和教师自身角度说明了这种结合应用的必要性。在此基础上 ,总结了目前在结合应用实践中发现的问题 ,并提出了相应的解决办法。     

A Bayesian Analysis for Accelerated Lifetime Tests Under an Exponential Power Law Model with Threshold Stress

In this paper, we present a Bayesian methodology for modelling accelerated lifetime tests under a stress response relationship with a threshold stress. Both Laplace and MCMC methods are considered. The methodology is described in detail for the case when an exponential distribution is assumed to express the behaviour of lifetimes, and a power law model with a threshold stress is assumed as the stress response relationship. We assume vague but proper priors for the parameters of interest. The methodology is illustrated by a accelerated failure test on an electrical insulation film.     

材料力学课能力培养初探

本文论述了在材料力学的教学中,如何从实际出发,培养学生的各项能力,在实践中取得了一定的效果。     

微机在万能液压材料试验机测绘系统中的应用

简述了对600kN万能液压材料试验机测绘系统进行微机数字化测量系统的改造的基本原理，系统构成和技术要求，解决了主要的问题，并对关键技术的解决和实现，系统特点作了说明。     

企业家战略--培育创新能力的企业内部战略

近几年来,在超强竞争背景下国外兴起的企业家战略,是公司努力将组织各个层次的员工培育为普遍具有企业家精神、思维和行动的战略,是努力将整个公司转变为能够发挥员工企业家精神的战略.企业家公司以异质的企业家人力资本和企业家智力资产持续创新,破坏均衡,产生竞争优势和显著的业绩.企业家战略理论研究的是公司如何获得具有创新、变革、远见卓识和承担风险的能力,是对正在兴起的内部战略理论的丰富和发展.企业家战略与核心能力理论互相补充,并且改变了某些传统的战略管理观念.     

论中国当代语言规划的方法

文章提出了语言规划及中国当代语言规划的定义及类型,并在此基础上提出了中国当代语言规划的方法:地位规划的方法--行政方法,自上而下;本体规划的方法--学术方法,自下而上;传播规划的方法--多种方法,上下结合.     

基于产出导向法的民族地区商务英语类课程思政元素融入研究

坚持立德树人根本任务,立足民族地区商务英语应用型人才培养目标,在产出导向法视域下,针对民族地区商务英语类课程思政存在的两大问题,总结民族地区商务英语类课程思政元素融入原则,提出“五四三”民族地区商务英语类课程思政元素挖掘思路以及“三感三度”民族地区商务英语类课程思政课堂教学思路,以期为外语课程思政建设的创新发展提供参考。     

公共政策价值合法性危机探析

公共政策价值指向是政策科学的元范畴,是理解与研究公共政策的阿基米德点。公共政策作为政治系统的输出,其自身蕴藏着社会共同的善(common good)、正义(公正)和效率三重价值向度和价值指归。然而,日常的政策活动往往隐藏着一定的政策价值合法性危机,作为政策价值危机的降解途径,善治、多中心公众参与和竞争性政策体制不失为降解乃至消解公共政策价值合法性危机的一剂良方。     

Deliberative democracy in the real world,the contribution of the capability approach

ABSTRACT

Drawing on Amartya Sen’s writings, this article presents the capability approach to democracy and shows its relevance for the sociological reflection and research on democratic processes conceived as ways to convert individual preferences into collective norms or decisions. Two moments are key in this respect: the formation of individual preferences and their translation into collective norms in the course of public debates. The initial sections present Sen’s conception of democracy, particularly emphasizing its articulation with the notions of ‘positional objectivity’ and ‘conversion’. Then, this conception is compared with two other mechanisms that may be used to coordinate individual decisions or preferences, namely the market and idealistic views on deliberative democracy. The article emphasizes how the capability approach departs from these two conceptions with regard to the two key concepts of capacity to aspire and capability for voice. The final section shows how Sen’s notion of democracy may open up a new field for research, namely the sociological investigation of the informational (or knowledge) basis of democracy.