公民社会产生与发展的内在逻辑

公民社会理论在当代已发展成为一种重要的政治思想范式和学术研讨领域,它为人们构建理想社会的努力提供指南。然而,从目前研究的总体情况看,与公民社会理论兴起相伴随的,却是普遍存在着的规范主义和目的论,从而削弱了其实践指导功能。为此,运用新制度主义方法,通过探讨公民社会形成与发展的内在动因,廓清公民社会产生与发展的内在逻辑,将使对公民社会的经验分析成为可能。     

Youth Jury Policy Deliberation: Towards a Fair and Responsible Internet

Young people aged between 12 and 17 across three major British cities — London, Leeds and Nottingham — were invited to play the role of ‘jurors’ on a case where ‘the Internet was put on trial’. The recommendations reported in this paper are intended to improve digital experience and online safety as contributions to policy. These recommendations derive from the ‘youth jurors’ policy deliberations designed to encourage young people to reflect on their digital experience and collectively develop their own problem definitions and solutions.     

乡愁如流水--《看麦娘》与市民情调

池莉小说<看麦娘>在语言上具有流水叙述特色."看麦娘"象征平凡而又优美的双重人格,而父亲正是这种人格的代表."我"所全心依恋的是与父亲和上官瑞芳共同拥有的幼年生活环境,那里生长着"永远的看麦娘".小说意在创造一种都市乡愁,显示市民生活意念都市生活危险而真正理想的完美生活在过去.作家不应仅仅满足于市民情调的生产而是应适当探索市民生活价值的新取向.     

Choosing Welfare or Losing Social Citizenship? Citizens' Free Choice in Recent Italian Welfare State Reforms

In the past fifteen years, the Italian welfare state has gone through various important reforms. Almost all social policy fields have been significantly challenged by the presence of both national and European constraints, and in different policy fields some fundamental principles of the welfare state have been questioned and changed. The purpose of this article is to present an analysis of the most recent arguments used for welfare state reforms in Italy, focusing in particular on one key question: have the reforms been formulated and implemented in order to increase the freedom of choice of Italian citizens with respect to social protection? After a brief introduction and conceptual clarification, each section of the article will focus on one social policy field (employment, pensions, health care) and discuss the origins and consequences of the reforms with respect to the freedom of choice of citizens. The main argument is that very limited attention has been paid in the national political discourse and reform design to the freedom of choice for citizens in welfare state policies, since other goals (such as cost containment) were much more crucial. The article will end with an overall assessment of the evolution of freedom of choice in the Italian welfare state setting.     

论道德建设的实践性原则

《公民道德建设实施纲要》突出强调了当前我国公民道德建设的实践性原则。坚持道德建设的实践性原则是道德教育自身规律性的体现,更是我国现阶段公民道德教育的现实要求。应从我国人民的社会生活实际出发,开展多种形式、行之有效的道德教育实践活动,提高全民道德教育的水平。     

Death-qualified jurors and the assumption of innocence: A cognitive dissonance perspective on conviction-prone verdicts

The conviction-prone behavior of death-qualified juries is a phenomenon that has been widely observed, but is not fully understood. This work presents a cognitive dissonance perspective as a possible mechanism that may be contributing to the high rate of conviction in death-qualified juries. This review contends that the selection procedures for death qualification may create juries with attitudes that are contrary to the fundamental assumption of innocence presupposed by the court. As a result of this conflict between juror attitudes and the assumption of innocence, dissonance will occur. One path to dissonance resolution may be the act of conviction. The empirical findings from juror studies support this dissonance interpretation of the conviction-prone status of death-qualified juries. This work also reviews the legal history of the death qualification process in Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968) and Hovey v. Superior Court (1980) and summarizes the social psychological criticism that process has received.     

Citizenship and Consumerism in Health Care: A Critique of Citizens' Juries

This paper examines the strengths and weaknesses of citizens' juries as a model for public involvement in health care. It does so through observation of two citizens' juries run by the same Health Authority, during the summer of 1996. The framework used to evaluate the juries is that provided by IPPR in their 1997 Report, namely focusing on the themes of information, time, scrutiny, deliberation, independence and authority. Citizens' juries are compared and contrasted with other models for public involvement and linked with the broader debate on citizenship theory and practice.     

高校课外体育活动中运动损伤的调查与分析

高校课外体育活动是大学生素质教育和终身体育培养的重要内容和途径,预防、减少和避免大学生在课外体育活动中发生运动损伤,不仅有利于大学生的身体健康,而且还直接关系到大学生参加体育活动的热情和效益.通过问卷调查、病历分析,研究高校学生课外体育活动中发生的急性运动损伤、专项损伤和损伤分类的特点,分析大学生课外体育活动损伤的原因,提出高校课外体育活动中预防和减少运动损伤的对策和建议.     

加强公民社会公德建设简论

社会公德是全体社会成员在公共生活和社会交往中应遵循的基本行为准则 ,它调整着人与人、人与社会、人与自然之间的关系 ,也是公民个人道德修养和社会文明进步的重要标志。加强社会公德建设必须以人为本 ,以马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论为指导 ,大力加强宣传教育 ,以行政规范和法律措施维护     

The Habits of Normal,Innocent People,as Construed by the North American Juror

Deliberating juries draw on commonsense notions of what counts as “normal” behavior in distinguishing facts which are inculpatory from those that lend themselves to more innocent interpretation. Though this is a commonplace observation, prior research has shed little light on the underlying model(s) of normalcy. Taking a generative approach to inculpatory statements made by two real‐life juries deliberating the same case, I first enumerate the distinct assertions made, by implication, about normal, innocent people (NIPs), and then reduce these to a smaller number of rules revolving around the general themes of rationality, emotions, language, and relationships.