Estimation of location extremes within general families of scale mixtures

In this paper, we study the estimation of the minimum and maximum location parameters, respectively, representing the minimum guaranteed lifetime of series and parallel systems of components, within a general class of scale mixtures. The conditional or underlying distribution has only the primary restriction of being a location-scale family with positive support. The mixing distribution is also quite general in that we only assume that it has positive support and finite second moment. For demonstrative purposes several special cases are highlighted such as the gamma, inverse-Gaussian, and discrete mixture. Various estimators, including bootstrap bias corrected estimators, are compared with respect to both mean-squared-error and Pitman's measure of closeness.     

科技英语词汇的特色

论述了科技英语词汇的三大组成部分——普通词汇、次技术词汇及技术词汇以及三大组成部分词汇的构成与使用特色,从而为理解科技英语词汇及破译新词汇提供了有效的解决方法。     

共同语和标准语——对普通话定义的思考

本文从普通话的定义出发 ,从“共同语”和“标准语”两个方面对普通话加以论述 ,并指出普通话不同的语域功能。     

缩小差距、城乡融合与共同富裕

站在全面建成小康社会的新的历史起点,为主动适应社会主要矛盾的变化,中央不断强调推动共同富裕,旨在实现均衡而充分的高质量发展。关于共同富裕的探讨围绕以下两方面展开:其一,推动共同富裕必须有雄厚的物质基础,解决好以绝对收入标准衡量的贫困问题就是实现“富裕”的最基本要求。今后农村的相对贫困是全国绝大多数省份都将面临的共性问题和挑战,农民增收问题必须置于城乡融合的框架中解决。其二,缩小收入差距是共同富裕的本质要求之一,将收入差距缩小在一定水平上,实现发展与共享的统一、效率与公平的和谐,这也是“共同”的要义所在。当前我国城乡收入绝对差距仍然较大,与实现共同富裕的要求有较大差距,也会影响经济增长,妨碍新发展格局的构建。因此,牢牢把握住城乡融合发展的主线,强化统筹谋划和顶层设计,破除城乡二元分割的体制弊端,对于当前我国推动共同富裕而言应是重要的战略侧重点。     

推进乡村振兴促进共同富裕的科学指南——学习领会习近平总书记关于共同富裕的重要论述

实现共同富裕是马克思主义的一个基本目标,也是中国共产党使命和初心的重要体现。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记坚持继承和发展中国共产党人的共同富裕观,并结合中国传统文化理念,针对共同富裕提出了一系列具有创新性的重要论述。这些论述阐述了新时代共同富裕的战略定位,丰富并拓展了共同富裕的理论内涵,开辟了新时代共同富裕的实现路径,积极回应中国特色社会主义新时代面临的重要理论和实践议题,不断推进马克思主义共同富裕理论的中国化、时代化。当前,“推动共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展”成为国家发展的主要议程,学习习近平总书记关于共同富裕的重要论述,能够为进一步巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、全面推进乡村振兴提供目标和方向,为扎实推进共同富裕、实现中华民族伟大复兴提供强大的精神动力和科学实践指引。     

Practical procedures to deal with common support problems in matching estimation

This paper assesses the performance of common estimators adjusting for differences in covariates, such as matching and regression, when faced with the so-called common support problems. It also shows how different procedures suggested in the literature affect the properties of such estimators. Based on an empirical Monte Carlo simulation design, a lack of common support is found to increase the root-mean-squared error of all investigated parametric and semiparametric estimators. Dropping observations that are off support usually improves their performance, although the magnitude of the improvement depends on the particular method used.     

The Common Assessment Framework form 9 years on: a creative process

Legislation within England states that local authorities should provide services for all those families in need. However, research has identified that regardless of the introduction of strategies to identify need and enhance family support, ongoing barriers to services adhere. Taking a social constructionist approach, this study explored professionals' experiences of the use of the Common Assessment Framework form. Data were collected in four different local authorities in two phases. Forty‐one professionals from a variety of agencies took part in semi‐structured interviews. Data were analyzed thematically. Findings demonstrate that the professionals experienced difficulties in working through the Common Assessment Framework process, for example, in completing the form and engaging families. This situation led to the more experienced and knowledgeable professionals utilising creative ways to successfully navigate the ‘referral process’. Such creative working practices included the terminology used to complete the form and how the process was ‘sold’ to parents, so that they could be in a better position to engage parents and complete the Common Assessment Framework form. Because of this, more experienced professionals seem to be able to accelerate the referral process in order to access much needed support services for children and young people.     

华岗“政治大课”简论

为了贯彻《共同纲领》的文教政策，使山东大学顺利实现向新民主主义大学的转变，在建国初期山东大学思想政治教育中，校长华岗为全校师生所授政治大课，采取理论联系实际和以理服人的方针，系统地给山大师生讲授了党的政策和马克思主义基本原理，提高了山大师生的觉悟，为20世纪50年代山大的辉煌奠定了基础。     

论回汉民族关系亲密的四大共因

本文重点对人们司空见惯而又习焉不察的回汉亲密的民族关系的共因作论述和分析。全文依次从回汉血缘关系的共同性,回汉同仇敌忾、反侵略、反压迫的共同性,回汉价值取向和性格的共同性,回汉两族语言使用的共同性四个方面有理有据地证明回汉民族从相互接触到相互学习再到相互认同的过程,正是整个中华民族由分散走向团结再走向和谐凝聚的一个生动缩影。这对了解中华民族多元一体的整合过程,对当今构建和谐社会的和谐民族关系有重要的现实意义。