Gender differences in willingness to compete: The role of public observability

A recent literature emphasizes that gender differences in the labor market may in part be driven by a gender gap in willingness to compete. However, whereas experiments in this literature typically investigate willingness to compete in private environments, real world competitions often have a more public nature, which introduces potential social image concerns. If such image concerns are important, and men and women differ in the degree to which they want to be seen as competitive, making tournament entry decisions publicly observable may further exacerbate the gender gap. We test this prediction using a laboratory experiment (N = 784) that varies the degree to which the decision to compete, and its outcome, is publicly observable. We find that public observability does not alter the magnitude of the gender gap in willingness to compete in an economically or statistically significant way.     

Coalition for a Healthier Community: Lessons learned and implications for future work

The Coalition for a Healthier Community (CHC) initiative was implemented to improve the health and well-being of women and girls. Underpinning CHC is a gender-based focus that uses a network of community partners working collaboratively to generate relevant behavior change and improved health outcomes. Ten programs are trying to determine whether gender-focused system approaches are cost-effective ways to address health disparities in women and girls. Programs implemented through coalitions made up of academic institutions, public health departments, community-based organizations, and local, regional, and national organizations, are addressing health issues such as domestic violence, cardiovascular disease prevention, physical activity, and healthy eating. Although these programs are ongoing, they have made significant progress. Key factors contributing to their early success include a comprehensive needs assessment, robust coalitions, the diversity of populations targeted, programs based on findings of the needs assessments, evaluations taking into consideration the effect of gender, and strong academic–community partnerships. A noteworthy impact of these programs has been their ability to shape and impact public, social, and health policies at the state and local levels. However, there have been challenges associated with the implementation of such a complex program. Lessons learned are discussed in this paper.     

浅析新时期我国人口较少民族的扶贫开发对策

改革开放以来,我国人口较少民族在各方面得到了巨大的发展,然而,由于粗放式发展、自然环境、历史等方面的原因,我国人口较少民族少数地区仍至今存在着不同程度的贫困问题,影响了小康社会的全面实现。本文即围绕我国人口较少民族的部分特殊性,以科学发展观为指导,探讨在新的历史时期我国人口较少民族的扶贫开发对策。     

论英语词汇搭配的特征

论文就一些有关搭配的概念和特征的理论作了综述 ,并在此基础上提出搭配呈现下列渐次性特征或特性 :(1)语义模糊与语义显明 ;(2 )有理据与无理据 ;(3)结构形式的石化与可变性 ;(4)词汇层的石化与可变性 ;(5 )可接受性与适宜性 ;(6)搭配范围或幅度的差异。     

模糊技术在高校教学评估中的研究

研究了高校教学评估中知识的模糊关系及权重问题,讨论在有关模糊隶属函数计算方法的基础上,将模糊技术应用在教学评估中,为教学评估的研究提供一条新的途径。     

一个竞争优势的概念框架及应用

本文借用经济学中经济租的概念定义了战略管理中的竞争优势,认为竞争优势就是企业拥有的稀有要素所赚取的经济租,得出了一个有关竞争优势的概念框架。最后利用这一概念框架对战略管理理论的两大理论体系有关竞争优势的区别进行了解说。     

科学心理学研究方法论的比较与整合

科学心理学形成以来 ,西方主要流派的研究方法论在心理科学的发展中有其贡献和局限。通过客观、发展的观点对心理学研究方法论的演化过程进行比较和分析 ,发现建构一个全面的、系统的、综合的心理学研究方法论是极其必要的 ,而且更具有现实可能性     

以学生为中心:英语教学的新尝试──兼评浙江大学编《新编大学英语》

通过对《新编大学英语》特点的评述，论述了“以学生为中心”的教学思想和教学模式，不仅便于提高学生综合运用语言的能力，而且可以最大限度地调动教与学双方的积极性。     

对清教妇道观的有力抨击--评《喧哗与骚动》中女主人公的悲剧形象

威廉·福克纳的代表作品《喧哗与骚动》中的女主人公凯蒂 ,美丽善良 ,富有爱心 ,但却不为深受清教传统思想影响的社会和家庭所接受、所爱护 ,她渴望美好幸福的生活 ,却又没有树立起良好的价值观同传统妇道观相抗争 ,最终沦落为妓女。作者通过对女主人公悲剧形象的塑造 ,有力地抨击了南方传统道德标准及清教主义的妇道思想 ,揭露了它们对人性的压制和摧残。     

中共三代领导集体国防教育思想的历史探索

研究表明，中国共产党的三代领导集体对国防教育都很重 视，特别是在和平建设年代，中共领导人能随着国际国内形势的变化而适时调整其国防教育 思想的主要内容，从而使党的国防教育思想更趋成熟，向科学化、系统化、制度化迈进。