Perception and control of occupational injury risks in fishery--a pilot study

The frequency of occupational accidents in fishery is high in most fishery nations. Implementation of safety measures has, however, been limited. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to explore Swedish fishermen's attitudes towards occupational risks and accident control. Information was acquired through a questionnaire distributed to a convenience sample of 92 fishermen. Indices were built, containing variables relevant to perceived risk levels in connection with work, perceived manageability of risks, activity in safety work, technical knowledge and individual attitudes towards risks. The results did not support earlier findings of low risk awareness and risk acceptance among fishermen. Perceived manageability of risks but not perceived risk level, accident experience or risk acceptance, were significantly associated with activity in safety work. The results suggest that safety work might benefit from efforts to develop fishermen's understanding of how the development of hazardous situations can be prevented or managed. The results do not support strategies for accident control in fishery based solely on increasing risk awareness.     

The Burden of Risk: Who Dies Because of Cars?

This article argues that those interested in social policy should by definition be interested in issues of transport policy. It analyses data on road traffic fatalities and suggests, in the light of this evidence, that those who benefit least from the motor vehicle seem disproportionately likely, given their relative exposure to the risk, to die in road traffic accidents.     

Blood on the tracks: Critically re‐reading a government occupational health and safety inquiry

This paper brings to light forms of interpretive closure embedded in a Government inquiry into rail industry occupational safety and heath. The paper shows how particular interpretive moves by the Inquiry had the effect of obscuring a critical analysis of economic and political relations. The analysis uses publicly available documentary data and is undertaken using interpretive and political economic forms of analysis in a multiple framework approach.     

战后初期中国的对日政策与战犯审判

194 5年日本战败投降后 ,国民政府从长远的对日关系考虑 ,制定了“以德报怨”的对日政策。在这一政策的指导下 ,国民政府对日本战犯进行了公开审判。国民政府在战时和战后对日本违反国际法所犯罪行进行了大量的调查 ,在审判前制定了相应的法律法规 ,并在审判过程中加以完善 ,审判是严肃、公正的。由于实行“以德报怨”、“宽大迅速”的审判方针 ,仅有极少数日本战犯受到处罚。国民政府的宽大政策带来了两方面的结果 :一是战后大多数日本国民感激中国 ,对中日关系的恢复和发展起到了重要作用。另一方面 ,由于审判过于宽泛 ,使大批日本战犯逃脱了正义的惩罚     

流动人口参加工伤保险影响因素的定量分析——以北京、绍兴、东莞为例

工伤保险是流动人口社会保障的重要组成部分,相关领域的定量实证研究相对缺乏。本文基于北京、绍兴和东莞三城市1516名就业流动人口的调查数据,对流动人口工伤保险参与情况及影响因素进行分析,以定量的方式确定不同因素对流动人口参加工伤保险的影响作用。结果发现,工作情况(工作角色、工作性质及工作稳定性)是影响流动人口参加工伤保险的最重要因素。从政府角度,应对现有政策进行调整,制定适用于流动人口工作生活特点的,以流动人口为参保主体的可携带易衔接的工伤保险制度,加大企业对流动人口用工规范性监管;从流动人口角度,应培养流动人口的权益意识,提高社会保险参保主动性。     

A cross-validation of a structural equation model of accidents: organizational and psychological variables as predictors of work safety

A study to establish a structural equation model of accidents is presented. The eight variables included in the model were those associated with accidents in previous research. The reliability of questionnaires to measure those variables and a structural equation model relating them are provided. The model explaining the occurrence of accidents was cross-validated through three Spanish samples (n=123; 182; 124).The model presented a good fit to data in two samples, while a third had unclear fit indices. Therefore, most relationships among variables did not vary among these three samples. The role of the safety variables in the model is discussed. The discussion is also focused on risk measurement difficulties commonly reported in the literature. Finally, some suggestions for future safety research with structural equation modelling techniques are provided.     

From Hospital to Home with NDIS Funded Support: Examining Participant Pathway Timeframes Against Discharge Expectations

ABSTRACT

For patients with disability who require funded supports to leave hospital, the introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) represents opportunity and challenges. At a time of major reform, timely and supported discharge is reliant on overcoming interface complexities. The purpose of this study was to examine the NDIS participant pathway timeframes against discharge expectations for hospitalised adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) or acquired brain injury (ABI) and interrogate delays for the two groups. Administrative data on 54 participants (ABI?=?18 and SCI?=?36) were analysed. Both groups experienced delays to discharge and significant variability in timeframes between NDIS pathway processes and extent of delays. Group differences were identified regarding inefficiencies across the continuum, with type of support a factor to investigate further. This study has uncovered critical points in the NDIS pathway that could impact discharge of participants and where collaboration and adaptive strategies could be targeted to improve processes.

IMPLICATIONS

• Ensuring the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) pathway operates effectively in the hospital setting is critical to the timely discharge of people with complex needs who require funded supports.

• Monitoring implementation of the NDIS in the health setting is important to avert interface problems that impede timely discharge and access.

     

英美侵权法神经损害之诉及其合理借鉴

神经损害之诉是英美侵权法中的一项颇具特色的制度,其对严格保护自然人生命健康权有着积极意义,但客观上该制度也蕴含着难以合理控制责任范围的问题.故此我国立法合理借鉴该制度的正确做法应该是:在我国既有的生命健康权保护的框架内,对后果严重的神经损害受害人予以救济,从而既能对确需救济的神经损害受害人予以合理保护,同时也能防止诉讼泛滥所带来的种种弊端.     

养老机构伤害事故对策研究

频繁发生的养老机构伤害事故,已引起全社会的高度关注。本文在阐述养老机构伤害事故的含义和特点的基础上,结合我国养老服务现状提出了加快养老服务立法、建立赔偿社会化机制、加强养老行业监管、强化伤害事故预防、建立事故处理良性机制等对策措施,以期最大程度地减少和避免养老机构伤害事故的发生,确保我国养老事业的健康发展。     

Working with parents of spinal cord injured adolescents: A family systems perspective

Concepts from family systems theory are used to facilitate understanding of the needs of families coping with the spinal cord injury of an adolescent. Five assumptions derived from systemic principles are discussed as related to assessment and family functioning. Related suggestions are given for assisting parents in dealing with this non-normative stressor and its long-range effects on the adolescent and family.