Caring for families experiencing stillbirth: Evidence-based guidance for maternity care providers

BackgroundEvidence-based guidance is needed to inform care provided to mothers and families who experience stillbirth. This paper focuses upon how meaningful and culturally appropriate care can be provided to mothers and families from when they are informed that their baby will be stillborn to many years after the experience. Avoidable suffering may be occurring in the clinical setting.AimsTo promote and inform meaningful and culturally appropriate evidence-informed practice amongst maternity care providers caring for mothers and families who experience stillbirth.MethodsA comprehensive systematic review was conducted which primarily synthesised relevant qualitative research studies. An expert advisory group comprised of stillbirth researchers, clinicians, and parents who have experienced stillbirth provided guidance for the review and the development of implications for practice.FindingsGrieving parents want staff to demonstrate sensitivity and empathy, validate their emotions, provide clear, information, and be aware that the timing of information may be distressing. Parents want support and guidance when making decisions about seeing and holding their baby. Sensitivity, respect, collaboration, and information are essential throughout the experience of stillbirth. Culturally appropriate care is important and may require staff to accommodate different cultural practices.ConclusionThe findings of the review and expert consensus inform the provision of meaningful and culturally appropriate care for mothers and families that have experienced stillbirth. Evidence informed implications for practice are provided to guide the actions, communication, and behaviours of maternity care providers.     

Using concept mapping as a planning tool: Child welfare citizen review panels

Citizen Review Panels (CRPs) are groups of citizen volunteers authorized by U.S. federal law to examine state child welfare agencies. These groups inspect policies and practices related to child protection responsibilities and are tasked with making recommendations for systemic improvement. Despite the federal mandate for each state to develop a CRP and the potential of these groups to positively impact child welfare practices, there is a dearth in the literature related to CRPs. Consequently, planning and evaluation processes of these groups vary widely. This study reports on the use of concept mapping (CM) to outline a framework for planning and subsequently evaluating the CRP in one southeastern state. CM is a mixed-method research approach that uses multi-dimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses to explore an area of study. Through these analyses, the method creates visual depictions of conceptual relationships between ideas. Data yielded a seven cluster concept map that CRP members (N = 36) utilized for planning processes, and subsequently for developing an internal evaluation tool. Results from this study offer a unifying framework by which CRPs, and similar groups in other areas can utilize for planning and evaluation purposes. After a review of pertinent literature on CRPs, this article explicates CM processes utilized in this study, describes results, discusses lessons learned, and outlines apposite areas for future CRP research.     

高效液相色谱—核磁共振联用技术

本文简要地综述了高效液相色谱与核磁共振联用技术,并列举了该技术在药物、天然产物以及异构体研究中的应用。     

The State, Institutional Transition and the Creation of New Urban Poverty in China

Since the 1990s, the introduction of a market economy and the process of rapid urbanization have been accompanied by a new urban poverty related to lay‐offs and unemployment as well as by large‐scale rural–urban migration, which is different from the traditional urban poverty of the ‘Three Nos’ (no relatives or dependants, no working capacity and no source of income). This article focuses on new urban poverty in China under market transition and discusses the causes of poverty creation. Instead of considering Chinese new urban poverty only as a result of market mechanisms, it argues that the state as the manipulator of institutions and policies does matter in the creation of new urban poverty, and that the cleavages between the old and new institutions further intensify it. Specifically, the following aspects of the creation of new urban poverty are examined in detail: the adjustment of industrial policy, the reform of state‐owned enterprises, evolution of the household registration system, and the transformation of the welfare state.     

《学衡》论学者精神与责任

《学衡》杂志以“论究学术 ,阐求真理 ,昌明国故 ,融化新知”为宗旨 ,对 2 0世纪初期的学术弊端提出了严厉批评 ,并在此基础上呼唤对真正的学术精神的追求 ,即自信、自得、贞操、求真、审慎、创造、社会关怀和追求文德之精神 ,同时提出了学者对于前人、今人和世界的责任。     

网络密度、高管注意力配置与企业绿色创新:制度压力的调节作用

本文整合社会网络理论、注意力基础观和新制度主义理论等,通过对282家制造企业的问卷调查,采用多元回归分析方法,探讨了网络密度和高管注意力配置的交互匹配对企业绿色创新的影响机制,以及制度压力在其中的调节作用。研究发现,在高密度网络中,高管采用注意力聚集策略对绿色创新有显著正向影响;而在低密度网络中,高管采用注意力分散策略对绿色创新有显著正向影响。规制压力和模仿压力均正向调节网络密度和高管注意力配置的交互作用对绿色创新的影响,但模仿压力的调节作用更强。通过构建不同制度压力情景下网络密度与高管注意力的交互作用对绿色创新影响的理论框架,本文推动社会网络理论、注意力基础观等成熟的理论成果从一般创新向绿色创新研究领域繁衍,为企业绿色创新加入与主流理论的对话做了努力,为企业在绿色创新过程中根据不同的制度压力,以及所嵌入的组织间网络密度情况,选择合适的注意力配置策略提供理论参考。     

《南开管理评论》1998年-2002年引文分析研究

本文采用引文分析方法对《南开管理评论》1998年-2002年所发表的论文的引文进行了统计分析,从引文量、引文语种、引文类型、引文年代、引文期刊、引文著者等几个方面做了综合评价,其目的是从文献引证的角度来透视该刊的学术水平和期刊质量,并从中寻求一些带有规律性的结论,为期刊的编辑出版提供一些参考。     

多重制度逻辑与产业扶贫项目的异化 ——组织场域的视角

作为扶贫开发的重要途径,产业扶贫在实践过程中常常出现瞄不准或瞄准了但效果不突出的情形,组织场域为揭示其中的奥秘提供了有益视角。Y村的案例表明,在产业扶贫的组织场域内,地方政府与烟草公司在各自领域制度环境的制约下对自身参与产业扶贫的行为作出适应性的调整,改变了产业扶贫场域内的资讯交换渠道与资源传递方式,进而形成了组织行为主体参与产业扶贫的隐形运行逻辑。循此逻辑,非正式权力与利益的勾连固化了组织行为主体的权力关系与场域位置,扶贫资源经由村委会与合作社的承接更多流向村干部及种植大户等村庄精英群体,贫困农户则处于边缘位置。组织场域内中心--边缘关系结构的形成最终导致产业扶贫实践中制度表达与项目实践的背离。     

The Representation of the Family’s Voice in Serious Case Review Reports of Child Maltreatment

Australia and the United Kingdom have mandatory systems of case reviews, which are conducted whenever a child known to welfare or health services has died or been seriously harmed due to maltreatment. In the United Kingdom those conducting case reviews are required to involve family members in their deliberations. This study employed discourse analysis to examine the representation of family voices in 41 Overview Reports of Serious Case Reviews undertaken in England and published during 2014. The findings revealed that the contributions of family members were generally relegated or their legitimacy undercut by the positivist framing of most overview reports. However, the research also identified how the framing of family contributions within an interpretivist paradigm could engender highly complex understanding of deficiencies in child protection systems and lead to crucial new learning for professionals.