历史制度主义视角下再思民族区域自治制度的形成

在民族区域自冶制度已经走过60多个年头的今天,用一个新的视角再思民族区域自治制度具有重要的现实意义。文章利用历史制度主义关于制度形成的基本理论对我国民族区域自治制度的形成进行了新的视角的剖析,认为我党在建国初期最终选择民族区域自治制度是各种影响因素结构化作用的结果。     

Nationalist Idealisation and the State

Walker Connor has argued that the conflation of nation and state leads to muddled thinking about both concepts. While his advisory is well-taken, the decoupling of nation and state can be taken too far, for nation and state are intimately conjoined in the modern era. There are important ideational constructs embedded in the practices and principles of modern state governance that condition the ideology of state-oriented nationalists. This idealisation of community is less marked among nationalist activists whose concerns are primarily cultural rather than political. The differences are illustrated through the words and actions of individuals and organisations involved in the nationalist movements of Quebec and Brittany.     

Reputation Work in Selling Film and Television: Life in the Hollywood Talent Industry

Reputation is an important feature in the interactional contexts of work in “culture industries” such as film and television production. But few accounts have examined how reputations are produced in the everyday worlds in which cultural producers live and work. This paper introduces the concept of “reputation work” to describe the front stage and back stage interactional processes through which cultural producers continuously strive to produce their reputations. Drawing on participant observation data gathered at a Hollywood talent management company and a business school course on the talent industry, this paper shows how Hollywood agents and managers perform four types of reputation work. These include how Hollywood talent representatives work to adhere to institutionalized conventions for reputable physical settings, group contexts, giftgiving practices, and selfhoods. Such reputation work performances are done for the sake of “impression management,” but show how this strategic interaction is governed by industry-wide institutions that govern legitimacy.

Institutional Conditions of Economic Globalization: Effects of Antitrust and Merger Laws on the Global Integration of the Acquisition Market1

A central insight from institutional theory about markets is that they cannot operate without governing rules to guide interactions among actors. Because most of these rules are made and enforced within national borders, international economic transactions are said to suffer from an “institutional abyss,” the lack of institutional arrangements for economic exchanges. Scholars have found that the abyss can be filled by two factors: network connectedness, such as inter-governmental organizations, and intercountry economic agreements, such as the World Trade Organization or free trade. This article proposes a third factor: the global diffusion of governmental regulations. When countries adopt highly standardized regulations on a particular transaction, it provides legal familiarity for foreigners and reduces procedural uncertainty surrounding how the transaction should be executed. Using fixed-effects models on longitudinal data, I show that the adoption of antitrust and merger laws increases the volume of cross-border mergers—the transaction the laws are meant to regulate. This result stands in direct opposition to financial scholars’ predictions that antitrust and merger laws will reduce cross-border mergers because the laws are meant to restrain, not liberate, the transaction. This article theorizes how the diffusion of regulations, not the elimination of regulations, can facilitate global market integration.     

新制度主义对国家治理制度化的启悟

国家治理是一项非常纷繁复杂的过程,而真正有效的治理最终必然要体现在制度化层面,即以制度的形式固化下来。通过客观、可操作的制度来使整个国家的治理和谐、有序。新制度主义中的制度创新、制度完善、制度绩效衡量及制度绩效差异等方面的研究,从理论和实践的角度均对国家治理制度化提供了可资借鉴的成分。     

新制度主义政治学在中国：一个研究综述

兴起于20世纪80年代的新制度主义政治学,日益成为西方政治学界的主流话语和研究范式,并被国内的众多学者所关注和探讨。纵观相关研究发现,国内学术界对新制度主义政治学的研究主要涉及三个层面多个维度。三个层面是指：对西方相关研究成果的翻译介绍、对新制度主义政治学的理论分析和将新制度主义政治学应用于中国的实践探讨。多个维度包括：新制度主义政治学的兴起背景、基本议题、流派分析、应用研究和价值前景等。对此加以梳理将有助于更深入认识新制度主义政治学。     

WHEN 'VIRTUAL' MEETS VALUES: INSIGHTS FROM THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR

Electronic networking can support strategic re-positioning within organizations seeking to respond effectively to deep shifts in the social, economic and political regimes in which they operate today. Evidence, though, from our large-scale survey of core UK voluntary organizations suggests that voluntary organizations do not always seek to exploit this capability. Instead, our survey indicates that voluntary organizations are exploiting information and communication technologies (ICTs) in conventional ways to enhance administrative and operational efficiency and effectiveness. There is little evidence of more strategic applications supporting reconfiguration of the organization internally, redefinition of relationships across organizational networks or the extension of business scope. Further research based upon in-depth case studies demonstrated that social conditions are active in shaping the uptake and application of information and communication technologies within voluntary organizations. Within volunteer-intensive settings in particular,founding philosophies and the deeply rooted values that accompany these can have a profound effect. Ultimately,the technologically supported transformations, which occur within the organizations that we examine here, emerge from the inter-play between historically institutionalized values, strategic objectives and technological capability.     

网络化组织形式中的信任构建——新制度主义视角

本文针对网络化组织的特征,分析了组织间合作的障碍以及由此产生的管理问题,探讨了关系型治理机制中信任对降低合作的复杂性以及规范合作者行为的促进作用,并在此基础上,考虑网络化组织间合作不同阶段的特点,提出了基于合作周期的三阶段信任建设模型.     

我国民族理论研究范式的竞存与创新

中国民族理论研究是马克思主义民族理论研究范式、民族主义研究范式、族群理论研究范式及中华民族研究范式的相互竞争,相互作用,共同推进下的结果。囿于特定的话语、价值体系和思维框架之中,只能使研究思路和视野陷入偏狭的境地,我国民族理论新研究范式的选择意义深远。从政治科学的传统中生发出来,吸收了民族学和政治学研究的成果的历史制度主义是一种可选的方法论之一。     

制度变迁中的成本分析

新制度经济学提出的＂成本-交易＂模型已成为制度变迁研究的流行分析框架。基于对制度成本内涵及其论争的整理,本文将对经济范畴中的讨论扩展到政治和社会领域,对制度变迁的成本类型、分摊及其理论限度进行剖析,并指出改革成本是否及如何被分摊和化解,将决定着制度转型是否能成功。