“互联网+”时代公共图书馆馆藏资源共享的路径探索

面向用户需要、满足用户需求是公共图书馆馆藏资源共享服务的根本导向。在“互联网+”时代,开展针对性、增值性服务是公共图书馆功能和价值实现的重要体现。“互联网+”时代公共图书馆馆藏资源共享具有多元、服务、共赢的特征,在推动馆藏资源共享的实践中,公共图书馆要借助信息技术建设信息数据和信息共享平台的统一标准,打造用户一体化体验模式,并积极引入社会力量助力资源共享建设,以期实现跨越式发展。     

Entropy as a measure of centrality in networks characterized by path-transfer flow

Recently, Borgatti [Borgatti, S.P., 2005. Centrality and network flow. Social Networks 27, 55–71] proposed a taxonomy of centrality measures based on the way that traffic flows through the network—whether over path, geodesic, trail, or walk, and whether by means of transfer, serial duplication, or parallel duplication. Most of the extant centrality measures assume that traffic propagates via parallel duplication or, alternatively, that it travels over geodesics. Few of the other flow possibilities have centrality measures associated with them. This article proposes an entropy-based measure of centrality appropriate for traffic that propagates by transfer and flows along paths. The proposed measure can be applied to most network types, whether binary or weighted, directed or undirected, connected or disconnected. The measure is illustrated on the gang alliance network of Kennedy et al. [Kennedy, D.M., Braga, A. A., Piehl, A.M., 1998. The (un)known universe: mapping gangs and gang violence in Boston. Crime Prevention Studies 8, 219–262].     

提高我国人口平均预期寿命的路径分析

利用"三普"、"四普"、"五普"资料,在对我国平均预期寿命纵、横向对比分析的基础上,采用因子分析法,对我国人口平均预期寿命水平的影响因素进行定量分析,以探求"十二五"期间"人均预期寿命提高1岁"的有效路径。经分析可知:我国平均预期寿命目前已高于中高收入国家,其绝对增速逐渐放慢,相对增速加快。而提高居民消费水平与文化素质、改善医疗卫生条件与自然环境、缩小家庭规模、加快城市化步伐等是实现平均预期寿命提高1岁目标的有效路径。     

Lattice path counting and the theory of queues

In this paper we will show how recent advances in the combinatorics of lattice paths can be applied to solve interesting and nontrivial problems in the theory of queues. The problems we discuss range from classical ones like M^a/M^b/1$M^a/M^b/1$ systems to open tandem systems with and without global blocking and to queueing models that are related to random walks in a quarter plane like the Flatto–Hahn model or systems with preemptive priorities.     

汉语动量词的产生

汉语中大多数动量词产生于＂动＋数＂式,少数动量词产生于＂数＋动＂式;能够进入前一种格式并发展成为动量词的词,在语义上必须与需要计量的动词紧密相关：包括近义关系、概括动作过程或表示动作行为结果等;后一种格式中的动词发展成为动量词的必要条件是：它与另一动词同时受一个数词修饰（即＂数＋V1V2＂）,且该句义主要由动词V2承担。汉语动量词产生的动因是受名量表示法的影响。文章最后还对动量词为什么首先产生于＂动＋数＂式,且为什么大多数动量词都产生于这一表示法等相关问题提出了一些思考。     

公共服务均等化:制度障碍与发展理路

当前,公共服务非均等不但存在于城乡之间和地区之间,更存在于社会不同群体之间,导致多样化的社会矛盾和不稳定.公共服务非均等有其深刻的制度根源与路径依赖性.推进公共服务均等化的思路应以民主政治制度变革创造有效的制度环境,以硬约束性法治制度安排为保障,以均等化体系建设为重点,以公共财政制度安排调整为支点,借助社会力量和市场力量,实现城乡之间、地区之间、不同社会群体之间均等地享有应有的公共服务.公共服务均等化体系建设需要系统规划和注重制度间的协调匹配性,形成制度合力,才能有效实现公共服务均等化战略.     

Nurses' representations of the perceived causes of work-related stress: A network drawing approach

This paper reports a study, involving a network drawing approach, that examined how nurses perceive the interrelationship between causes of workplace stress. Network analysis originated in sociology as a method of examining the relationship between people, objects or events. It has recently been adapted to examine participants' perceptions of the relationships between causes of a phenomenon, either by asking participants to complete a grid rating the strength of all the possible links between causes or by getting them to draw a diagram of the links that they think are important. The network drawing technique, in which participants are asked to draw a diagram indicating perceived causal links between nominated causes of stress and also to indicate the strength of these links, was employed in this study. The causes of stress were taken from a previous study in which nurses kept a diary for one week detailing stressful events and their causes. There were 48 participants in the present study and the main results confirmed the importance of staffing levels and inadequate support as perceived direct causes of stress. The study also revealed the importance of indirect links between staffing levels and other causes of stress. The networks illustrate how direct and mediating causes of stress are connected and lie largely outside nurses' control. The results are discussed in relation to other recent work on the causes and experience of stress by nursing staff.     

We Find Our Way About: Everyday Media Use and ‘Inhabitant Knowledge’

Abstract

In this article, the author proposes that media uses in everyday living can helpfully be understood as practices of wayfaring. Whereas meaningful relations between media and their audiences or users have typically been conceptualised as matters of representation and interpretation, he focuses on matters of movement and dwelling or of orientation and habitation, opening up the possibility of a non-representational approach for media studies. His starting point is a passing remark in Scannell’s phenomenology of radio and television, and a discussion of that remark leads him to a sympathetic yet critical engagement with Ingold’s work on wayfaring and inhabitant knowledge. Along the way, consideration is given to Tuan’s notes on paths and place-making, and to Merleau-Ponty’s writing on incarnate subjectivity and the acquisition of habit.     

学术期刊面对市场化呼声的路径选择

在近十多年以来,学界和相关管理部门公开发表的许多文章及讲话,认为我国学术期刊要“做大做强”,只能向欧美发达国家学习,要实行全面的市场化及国际化。但是仔细分析期刊市场与结构,可以发现这些呼声与建议所依据的论据并不充分,论证并不严密,不同类型的期刊,其实应选择不同的发展路径。多数的人文社科期刊和部分科技期刊,其实并不适宜走完全的市场化路径,采取一定措施保障其生存发展更为适宜。部分学术期刊,可以根据自身条件,调整办刊模式,与绝大多数的大众期刊一样,勇敢尝试走向“市场化”道路。     

我国转型期爱国主义教育的缺失及其重建路径——以南京大屠杀教育为例

南京大屠杀是日本军国主义对我国犯下的滔天罪行,也是反人类的种族大屠杀事件。反屠杀教育是爱国主义教育的一个重要方面,其意义在于教育人们以史为鉴,不忘国耻。但我国转型期对南京大屠杀事件的爱国主义教育方式和途径都存在诸多问题。因此,在新的时代背景下重建爱国主义教育路径就显得更为重要。