New Policy Spaces: The Impact of Devolution on Third Sector Policy in the UK

The development of third sector policy in the UK since 1997 has seen changes which have been of significance both for analysts and practitioners. This period has seen government engagement with and support for the sector extend far beyond the levels found throughout much of the last century. This has led to a growth in the size and scale of the sector and a closer involvement of sector representatives in political debate and policy planning. These changes have taken place at the same time as third sector policy has been devolved to the new administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. This article explores the impact of devolution on these policy developments and assesses the extent to which political devolution has led to policy divergence across the four countries in the UK. The conclusion is reached that policy devolution has created important new space for policy development for the third sector across the UK, but that the direction of travel in all four regimes has remained remarkably similar.     

试论西部大开发中少数民族传统文化重构的特点

本文通过对西部大开发过程中少数民族文化重构的必然性、多元性、个体自愿性、长期性等特点的分析,论证并指出:西部开发过程中少数民族传统文化的变迁、重构是必然趋势,并且这个重构是长期的发展过程。在此过程中,应以个体自愿的原则为基础,让各种文化的主人从多元的社会文化取向中自主选择取舍,以达到“中和位育”的最终结果,在西部民族地区形成“各美其美”、“美美与共”、“和而不同”的多元文化混一的文化环境。与此同时,笔者对学术界中值得商榷的提法也进行了必要的修正。     

Making Sense of Organizational Change: Voices of Older Volunteers

The role of voluntary and community sector organizations in the delivery of public services is increasing and these changes bring new responsibilities and benefits to organizations that have the capacity to participate. There are concerns within the sector about the implications for citizenship and participation. The sector is highly dependent on volunteers yet little is known about how organizational change in response to new relationships with the statutory sector impact upon the commitment and well-being of people who volunteer. This paper addresses that gap in knowledge for older volunteers. Drawing upon collaborative research with a voluntary organization in the north of England, the authors explore the meanings and aspirations of volunteering for older people, and explain how and why changes associated with closer engagement with public service delivery and less grant dependency can be disempowering for them.

需求取向社区贫困家庭志愿服务的探索

贫困救助是我国社会服务的永恒主题,城市最低生活保障制度和农村五保制度为解决贫困问题提供了制度保障。但是,贫困是一个复杂的持续性的社会问题,社会保障政策的公共性与弹性要求以及社会的不断变迁,使得贫困救助需求的差异性和变化性难以得到有效满足。社区志愿服务以其贴近居民生活的服务特点,可以有效地填补社会救助政策的漏洞。本文描述了社区贫困家庭的现状及其特点,揭示了当前社区服务和社会政策存在的缝隙;立足社区贫困家庭的需要,提出了社区贫困家庭志愿服务应该提供的主要服务内容,寄望建设一个符合中国社会文化情境和具体家庭需求的社区贫困家庭志愿服务。     

Unequal Partners? Local Government Reorganization and the Voluntary Sector

British local government has recently undergone its most far-reaching reorganization for twenty-five years. The impact of this reorganization was considerable within local authorities but it also substantially affected other organizations with which they worked at a local level. This paper explores the perspectives of voluntary sector organizations involved in social care: a set of actors which, prior to reorganization, had been encouraged by central and local government, through notions of partnership and through community care legislation, to undertake more direct roles in service delivery, consultation and strategic planning. During the consultative period prior to reorganization, many voluntary organizations reported that they had been marginal to the process. Reflecting on the process of reorganization itself, many voluntary organization respondents commented that it had been disruptive and provoked considerable anxiety. Post-reorganization, voluntary organizations felt that rebuilding of relationships was necessary and that the promise of partnership had meant little in practice at a time of potential crisis for local.     

两岸大学生志愿服务动机与激励机制比较研究

20世纪70年代以来,志愿者组织在全球范围兴起并得到发展,逐渐成为现代社会发展的一支活跃力量,在全球掀起了开展志愿服务的热潮。大学生志愿者作为我国志愿服务的重要参与主体,在志愿服务中起到了举足轻重的作用。在两岸和平发展新时期,两岸出现了大交流、大合作、大发展的新局面。作为志愿服务的主力军,两岸大学生志愿服务动机和激励机制的比较,有利于促进两岸大学生志愿服务合作机制的建立。     

也谈简体字

在政治更迭、文化变迁的大叙事中，小小的文字变化最能体现大时代的风貌。古有始皇帝威权下的“书同文”，今有上世纪五十年代初旨在“汉字拉丁化”的“文字简化运动”。简化字与繁体字争议的背后，是政治激进主义与文化保守主义的思想交锋，或者说是中华历史文化断裂与传承的别一选择。周清泉先生关于“汉字简化方案”实施中的管见，因于当时话语权被肆意剥夺而无处表达，本刊编发该文，一是提供关于汉字简化的反思与总结，二是彰显学人发表独立见解的历史进步。     

Complaining Our Way to Quality: Complaints, Contracts and the Voluntary Sector

The research on which this paper is based is part of a wider study of quality assurance and the voluntary sector. The focus of this paper is on complaints procedures, as part of quality assurance mechanisms, where voluntary agencies are the contracted service providers. The authors argue that, with the introduction of contracting and particularly with its further development, the way in which complaints mechanisms currently operate will need to be revised if they are to be an effective part of the quality assurance process.     

安乐死的分类——一个讨论的进路

安乐死问题上聚讼纷纭的不同声音，交织了道德的纷争与政策上的考量。因而适度的区分道德与法律问题是必要的，这其中安乐死的分类成为讨论安乐死问题的一种策略和分析路径。尽管各种分类的道德差异尚不清晰，但其中的一些基础分类已为国外的法律和司法判决所支持，成为探讨安乐死的正当性并逐步获取道德共识的进路，也为法律和公共政策谨慎处理安乐死事案提供了可行的策略。