陕北方言的疑问句

陕北方言的疑问句和普通话的疑问句不同 ,只有是非问句、特指问句和选择问句三种 ,且结构格式也不一样。是非问句通常用类似于正反问的“体标记 否定词”格式表示 ;选择问句是在选择项之间嵌入“是”字 ,并于选项末缀体标记 ;特指问句则表现为一系列不同于普通话的特殊疑问代词的使用。同时三种问句格式在语义、语用方面也和普通话的相应形式有一些差别     

New methods for fitting multiple sinusoids from irregularly sampled data

A novel framework is proposed for the estimation of multiple sinusoids from irregularly sampled time series. This spectral analysis problem is addressed as an under-determined inverse problem, where the spectrum is discretized on an arbitrarily thin frequency grid. As we focus on line spectra estimation, the solution must be sparse, i.e. the amplitude of the spectrum must be zero almost everywhere. Such prior information is taken into account within the Bayesian framework. Two models are used to account for the prior sparseness of the solution, namely a Laplace prior and a Bernoulli–Gaussian prior, associated to optimization and stochastic sampling algorithms, respectively. Such approaches are efficient alternatives to usual sequential prewhitening methods, especially in case of strong sampling aliases perturbating the Fourier spectrum. Both methods should be intensively tested on real data sets by physicists.     

国内外阅读障碍研究对比分析与国内研究前景展望

阅读障碍亦称诵读障碍或拼写障碍,是一种与脑部相关的学习障碍。阅读障碍研究集心理语言学、心理学、认知科学、医学等诸多学科于一体,是近年来国内外学术界的研究热点之一。梳理国内外阅读障碍的研究团队发展状况,分析国内外阅读障碍研究在诊断、表征、成因以及干预四个方面的异同,探讨国内阅读障碍研究的发展前景,对促进本领域的深入研究大有裨益。     

现金股利政策与股价崩盘风险——基于股利“替代”模型和“结果”模型之辨析

股价的崩盘严重干扰着我国资本市场的健康有序发展,也损害着投资者利益和公司价值.因此,探寻防范股价崩盘风险的机制具有重要的现实意义.以2007-2013年A股上市公司作为观测样本,实证考察了上市公司现金股利政策对股价崩盘风险的影响.研究发现,现金股利分配倾向与分配水平均与股价崩盘风险显著负相关;以会计稳健性水平作为信息披露质量的替代变量进一步研究后发现,信息披露质量的提升显著增强了现金股利分配与股价崩盘风险之间的敏感性.经验研究结果表明,我国上市公司的现金股利分配是公司治理改善的结果,从而支持了股利的“结果”模型,而非“替代”模型;同时也为现金股利政策与股市风险的相关性研究提供了增量的理论成果和经验证据,研究结论对于完善上市公司的现金股利政策和防范股市风险提供了一定的借鉴意义.     

目标导向层次分析方法

对含有抽象属性的多属性层次结构而言,层次分析法即AHP（包括DIS-AHP、ABS-AHP、IDE-AHP和SUP-AHP四种具体方法）会因比率比较基准缺失、权重内涵模糊不清或方案评价不保序而缺乏科学理性。为发展AHP,基于摆幅置权（SW）判断模式和多属性决策属性价值公度方法,首先给出了能为层次结构抽象属性上的SW判断提供支持的规约性多属性决策属性价值公度方法,然后由此并结合多属性价值理论给出了能够克服现有层次分析法内在缺陷的目标导向层次分析方法即ToAHP。相对于AHP,ToAHP在判断模式与权重内涵、方法建构的理论基础和相关假设检验、方案评价保序与其内在数理依据上具有明显的相对科学合理性。应用分析表明：在输入信息可比的条件下,ToAHP明显优于AHP的四种分析方法之中最具可信性的SUP-AHP方法。     

Interwoven migration narratives: identity and social representations in the Lusophone world

This article provides an exploratory analysis of the life narratives of migrants in the Portuguese-speaking world. By interweaving the life experiences of eight participants in three thematic clusters – ‘shared past’, language and sense of community – we propose a critique of the deep-seated idea of the Lusophone space as a community constructed by the harmonious conviviality of different countries and people. Drawing on contributions from cultural studies, social psychology, anthropology and sociology, we first aim to give voice to the human subjects who embark on migrations and then to understand how the engendered process of identity construction is framed by their social world, simultaneously reframing it. Thus, we aim at shedding light on the ways in which aspects of the political discourses on Lusophony are used (and are instrumental) to the migrants’ identity narrative (re)construction.     

Communication and representation of risk in health crises: the influence of framing and group identity / Comunicación en crisis sanitarias y representación del riesgo. La influencia del framing y la identidad grupal

Based on the Social Representations Theory (SRT) applied to the social construction of risk and the role played by group identities, this study examines the construction of risk created by the mass media in health epidemics. An experimental design with split-ballot questionnaire and 319 participants was used in which message framing (human interest vs. attribution of responsibility) and proximity (high vs. low) were manipulated for a high invulnerability identity (youth) vs. a low invulnerability identity (elderly) population. Results showed that the human interest framing increased the perception of risk, especially when the proximity of the epidemic was high; this effect was explained by people’s emotional response. Furthermore, youth projected the risk towards ‘the other’ in order to protect their invulnerability identity. Finally, we stress the importance of the SRT on a theoretical and applied level for risk communication in health crises.     

东亚三国近代文化选择与成因考述

对东西文化关系问题上的不同立场而形成的近代东亚文化选择模式,在中国表现为“中体西用”;在朝鲜与日本分别表现为“东道西器”和“和魂洋才”。东亚三国近代文化虽说在形式上存在着诸多相似之处,但因三国社会历史条件等诸多因素上的差异,使三国近代文化在对传统的反思及西学分量等内容上呈现出很多不同的特点。