Determination of oxidative stress levels and some antioxidant enzyme activities in prostate cancer

In this study, the antioxidant enzyme activities such as (SOD, GSH, and CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, were determined from the serum samples taken from patients diagnosed with prostate cancer Van Yuzuncu Y?l University Medical Faculty of Educational Research and Training Hospital and ?stanbul Bagcilar Education Research Hospital. The SOD, GSH, and CAT activity of patient groups was found significantly lower than the healthy control group in patients with prostate cancer (p?cancer disorder. Whereas, firstly antioxidant enzymes activity of SOD, GSH and CAT have been decreased in control groups. Thus, we concluded that the cause of development of prostate cancer may be the result of an imbalance between the antioxidants and oxidative stress. As a result, SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of prostate cancer.     

个体身份与生命意义：肺癌网络社区的疾病叙事

文章通过对国内"医享网"癌症社区"肺癌圈"中33篇精华帖的叙事分析,探究其中生命故事的主体对自我身份的建构路径及其对生命价值的意义探寻,并尝试性地提出一些反思。研究发现,在自述和他述生命故事中,叙事者在信息寻求过程中改善自我印象,并运用"写作疗法""阅读疗法"和叙事隐喻理解疾病,帮助患者重塑自身角色。通过社群互动,患者形塑了对自身的身份认同,并形成了集体层面的生命价值观。从本研究的结论看,疾病叙事是癌症网络社区患者建构个体身份、形成身份认同的重要途径,叙事或可成为未来增进社会对癌症乃至其他疾病的理解、推进治疗与康复的可行之路。     

肺癌患者血清同型半胱氨酸变化的临床意义

目的：探讨血清同型半胱氨酸在肺癌患者中的变化及临床意义。方法检测82例住院治疗肺癌患者和79例健康体检者空腹血清同型半胱氨酸水平。结果分析得出肺癌组的血清Hcy含量显著高于健康对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。Ⅰ～Ⅳ期肺癌的患者血清Hcy含量均显著高于健康组（P＜0.01）。结论血清Hcy可做为肺癌的病情诊断、疗效预后的辅助指标。     

Modeling the Adenoma and Serrated Pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA)

Several colorectal cancer (CRC) screening models have been developed describing the progression of adenomas to CRC. Currently, there is increasing evidence that serrated lesions can also develop into CRC. It is not clear whether screening tests have the same test characteristics for serrated lesions as for adenomas, but lower sensitivities have been suggested. Models that ignore this type of colorectal lesions may provide overly optimistic predictions of the screen‐induced reduction in CRC incidence. To address this issue, we have developed the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA) model that includes the adenoma‐carcinoma pathway and the serrated pathway to CRC as well as characteristics of colorectal lesions. The model structure and the calibration procedure are described in detail. Calibration resulted in 19 parameter sets for the adenoma‐carcinoma pathway and 13 for the serrated pathway that match the age‐ and sex‐specific adenoma and serrated lesion prevalence in the COlonoscopy versus COlonography Screening (COCOS) trial, Dutch CRC incidence and mortality rates, and a number of other intermediate outcomes concerning characteristics of colorectal lesions. As an example, we simulated outcomes for a biennial fecal immunochemical test screening program and a hypothetical one‐time colonoscopy screening program. Inclusion of the serrated pathway influenced the predicted effectiveness of screening when serrated lesions are associated with lower screening test sensitivity or when they are not removed. To our knowledge, this is the first model that explicitly includes the serrated pathway and characteristics of colorectal lesions. It is suitable for the evaluation of the (cost)effectiveness of potential screening strategies for CRC.     

食管癌患者健康相关生命质量研究

目的:探讨食管癌患者的健康相关生命质量现状及影响因素?方法:采用一般资料问卷?欧洲五维度健康评定量表(EQ-5D量表),对209例食管癌患者进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析和多因素分析探讨食管癌患者健康相关生命质量的影响因素? 结果:食管癌患者行动?自我照顾?日常活动?疼痛/不适?焦虑/抑郁五个维度存在问题的比例分别为18.2%?12.0%?22.0%?38.3%?25.4%;自评健康得分(VAS评分)为(75.20 ± 11.00)分;综合健康指数得分(Index得分)为(0.84 ± 0.22)分?患者的性别?家庭年收入?文化程度是VAS评分的主要影响因素;患者的年龄?治疗方式?肿瘤分期?医保类型是Index得分的主要影响因素?结论:实施心理干预?早诊早治?大病医疗保险有助于提高食管癌患者健康相关生命质量?     

Agency and fatalism in older Appalachian women’s information seeking about gynecological cancer

Researchers consider older women in rural Appalachia to have low levels of agency and high levels of fatalism regarding decision making about cancer treatment. Using the life course perspective, we examined older women’s agency with information seeking about gynecological cancer. Semistructured interviews with 20 White women living in central Appalachia revealed four trajectories: Surrendering Control, Accepting Death, Self-Care, and Advocacy, each with its own forms of agency. Some women experienced personal transformation, increased self-efficacy, and a passion for community empowerment. Fatalism was not understood apart from placing trust in medical expertise. We implore researchers to further explore rural expressions of agency.     

Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of prostate cancer

In Europe, countries following the traditional Mediterranean Diet (MeDi), particularly Southern European countries, have lower prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality compared to other European regions. In the present study, we investigated the association between the MeDi and the relative risk of PCa and tumor aggressiveness in a Spanish population. Among individual score components, it has been found that subjects with PCa were less likely to consume olive oil as the main culinary fat, vegetables, fruits and fish than those without. However, these differences were not statistically significative. A high intake of fruit, vegetables and cooked tomato sauce Mediterranean style (sofrito) was related to less PCa aggressiveness. Results showed that there are no differences in the score of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary patterns between cases and controls, with mean values of 8.37?±?1.80 and 8.25?±?2.48, respectively. However, MeDi was associated with lower PCa agressiveness according to Gleason score. Hence, relations between Mediterranean dietary patterns and PCa are still inconclusive and merit further investigations. Further large-scale studies are required to clarify the effect of MeDi on prostate health, in order to establish the role of this diet in the prevention of PCa.     

4个单核苷酸多态性位点与前列腺癌的关联性研究

目的探索THADA基因(rs1465618,G/A),(rs2660753,A/G),LOC101929491基因(rs7679673,A/C)和PRNCR1基因(rs1016343,C/T)等4个单核苷酸多态性位点(SNPs)的常见变异与中国北方人群前列腺癌(PCa)的关联。方法采集来自北京医院的138名正常对照和125例PCa患者的血液样本和临床信息。提取样本DNA,用高分辨率熔解曲线分析技术(HRM)对4个SNP(rs1465618,rs2660753,rs7679673和rs101634343)进行基因分型。结果 rs1465618的GG基因型与AG和AA基因型在病例组与对照组间存在显著性差异(P=0.015,OR=1.985;95%CI=1.012~7.732),病例组与对照组间其余3个SNP位点rs2660753(P=0.545),rs7679673(P=0.634),rs1016343(P=0.705)的各个基因型分布没有统计学意义(P0.05)。病例组不同基因型间的表型和环境影响因素分析观察到,rs1465618与常食用蛋类有关(P=0.004),rs2660753与常食用豆制品有关(P=0.04),rs7679673与Gleason评分等级(P=0.034)、PSA浓度等级(P=0.035)及自觉营养状况(P=0.019)均有关,rs1016343与年龄有关(P=0.019)。数量性状分析表明,rs2660753与PCa患者的病程有关(P=0.023),rs1016343与PCa患者食用蛋类数量有关(P=0.002)。结论 rs1465618与中国北方人群的PCa患病显著关联,而rs2660753、rs7679673和rs1016343的常见变异与中国北方人群PCa患病表型和环境影响因素有明显关联。     

替吉奥与卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期胃癌效果对比分析

目的分析比较替吉奥联合奥沙利铂与卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂治疗术后复发转移性胃癌的效果。方法 2010年5月至2011年5月收治26例术后复发转移晚期胃癌患者,观察组12例予奥沙利铂30mg/m2,第1天,静脉滴注;替吉奥按体表面积选择40mg~60mg/次,2次/日,口服,第1~14天。对照组予奥沙利铂30mg/m2,第1天,静脉滴注;卡培他滨1500mg/次,2次/日,口服,第1~14天。以上均为21天为1周期,每2周期评价疗效,并随访病情进展。结果 26例病例均可评价;观察组和对照组的近期有效率(RR)分别为50%和42·8%,两组比较差异无显著性,但治疗组的不良反应及严重反应发生率均明显低于对照组。结论替吉奥治疗术后复发转移性胃癌的疗效较好,不良反应轻,值得临床进一步研究。