CELEBRATING HETEROGENEITY?: A survey of female ICT professionals in England

This paper introduces key findings from a large-scale, online survey of women in the ICT industry across England undertaken between October 2004 and October 2005. Placed in a theoretical framework which draws on critical perspectives from within information systems (IS), and the sociology of gender and of technology, the authors examine some of the issues faced by female ICT professionals. The context for this paper is the ongoing under-representation of women in the ICT industry in England, and the difficulties that the industry is having retaining women, particularly at senior levels. Data are presented on the demographic composition of women in the ICT industry in England. In addition the authors focus on their management of domestic and caring responsibilities, including changes in working practices they have experienced as a result of these responsibilities. These data are particularly pertinent given current government and industry debates regarding the 'work-life balance' and 'flexible working' in the ICT industry, partially as a response to the need for a more diverse ICT workforce. Alongside information on the career histories of female ICT professionals, the authors review their perceptions of pay and reward packages, working environments, the skills they hold, and the recognition they may or may not receive in their current posts. They present reports of a 'long-hours' and 'presenteeism' culture in the ICT industry, and the existence of gendered informal networks in ICT. They also examine female ICT professionals' perceptions of the current and future-possible image of the industry. The findings highlight the continued masculinization of ICT work, and some of the difficulties faced by women working in what remain statistically and symbolically male-dominated environments.     

职场孤独感对员工帮助行为的影响 ——基于资源保存理论视角

基于资源保存理论视角,构建了一个有调节的中介模型,实证研究了职场孤独感对员工帮助行为的影响。结果显示：职场孤独感对员工帮助行为具有负向影响,关系认同在职场孤独感与员工帮助行为之间起中介作用,自我控制资源损耗负向调节了关系认同与员工帮助行为之间的关系,自我控制资源损耗调节了关系认同在职场孤独感和员工帮助行为之间发挥的中介作用。基于此,企业应重视员工的职场孤独感并加强管理,采取相应激励措施鼓励员工提高关系认同感,补充自我控制资源,从而降低职场孤独感对企业组织的不利影响。     

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的"口袋化"纠偏

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪之所以独立成罪,是因为旨在有效抑制日益严重的网络犯罪,而将具有类型性地侵害法益抽象危险性的网络犯罪帮助行为,配置独立的构成要件与法定刑,以摆脱对下游犯罪成罪与否（如罪量）及刑罚轻重的依赖。但立法定位不准、行为类型认定混乱、界限竞合处理随意及中立帮助行为认定不清,造成该罪的“口袋化”。实际上,争论该罪是“帮助行为正犯化”还是“帮助犯的量刑规则”,并无实际意义;该罪也并非所谓中立帮助行为的正犯化;企图从是否存在“通谋”“充分的意思联络”、是否专门为他人“量身定制”、是否情节严重等方面区分该罪与诈骗等罪的共犯,有违共犯原理、责任主义及罪刑均衡原则,而不可取。只要客观上与他人实施的网络犯罪行为及其结果之间具有因果性,主观上对此存在认识,而且行为本身违反相关禁止性规定,原则上都不能否认诈骗等罪共犯的成立。     

Penny for Your Thoughts: Beggars and the Exercise of Morality in Daily Life1

Urban sociology has tended to study interactions between passersby and “street persons” with an emphasis on the ways street persons become bothersome, harassing, or dangerous. This article moves away from the focus on the ways interactions in public go awry and focuses on how individuals account for the mundane, everyday exchanges they have with strangers who seek their help. Based on interview data (N = 31) and qualitative analysis of data from an Internet survey (N = 110), this article suggests that the presence of beggars does not inherently symbolize urban decay to passersby and does not necessarily elicit anxiety, but instead provides a valuable texture of urban life. Further, the article argues that individuals, when justifying their responses to requests for help from needy persons (beggars) in urban spaces, use a variety of cultural strategies to maintain their perception of themselves as moral persons, both when they choose to help and when they refuse. Drawing from these findings, the article suggests that urban sociology and the sociology of risk would benefit from sensitizing their studies of public interactions to the diverse meanings individuals assign to them, rather than presupposing annoyance, anxiety, or fear as their predominant characteristic.     

Exploring the nonverbal facet of ethnic discrimination: a field experiment on anti-Roma racism in the Paris métro

A field experiment on the discrimination of Roma migrants from Eastern Europe was conducted in two stations of the Paris metro to explore the behaviors that may communicate misrecognition in everyday encounters. An actress asked for help to randomly chosen passengers on a metro platform, wearing a glaringly Romani skirt in the treatment condition but an unconspicuous middle-class style in the control condition. In interaction with the actress wearing the Romani skirt, passengers were found to enact the so-called “visual dominance pattern”, and male passengers in particular were found to keep greater distances. Reverse discrimination also occurred as women kept shorter distances from the actress bearing the ethnic stigma. Last, passengers helped less the stigmatized actress, but only in one of the two metro stations where trials were conducted.     

The business of writing: literature as a commodity in Claudia Piñeiro’s Betibú

This article presents considerations about the status of literature as a commodity and writers as professionals in the twenty-first century. These considerations are based on an analysis of Argentine writer Claudia Piñeiro’s Betibú (2011), which follows the story of an Argentine crime novel writer who becomes a ghostwriter after her latest novel receives harsh reviews for being considered commercial rather than literary. I argue that the novel in question points out misconceptions about the influence of the book industry on the aesthetic quality of literary writing, highlighting the need for literary criticism to look into everyday relations between readers, authors, and editors.     

我国死刑程序运作状况的实证分析

就我国死刑案件审判特殊程序运作状况,对法院、检察院工作人员,警察,律师,普通社会公众,服刑人员等进行了抽样问卷调查。调查内容包括三个方面：所有调查对象对死刑案件第二审程序规定运作状况的认识;法律职业群体对死刑案件审判程序运作状况的认识;服刑人员和普通公民对死刑案件审判中当事人权利保障问题的认识。根据对问卷的统计、分析得出：由于当前中国社会经济、文化的发展和犯罪态势的影响,我国刑事诉讼法有修改的必要。为了进一步保证死刑案件诉讼程序的规定得到更好地执行和遵守,提出了如下改革建议：扩大律师在刑事诉讼中的权利;扩大人民监督员和特约检察员对刑事案件审理过程的程序性监督;引入沉默权制度;在审判委员会中,应坚持少数服从多数的原则。     

物质的追求能否带来快乐与幸福--物质主义价值观及其影响研究

物质主义通常指一种强调物质拥有和社会声望重要性的个体价值观。高物质主义者在对外部目标的追求与基本心理需要的满足之间形成了一个不断循环的怪圈。这个循环体系维系了物质主义的生活方式,却也带来更低的自我评价、更高的不满意感和更负面的情绪反应。文章概括了物质主义价值观对幸福感的影响以及社会比较和自尊在其中的中介作用;物质主义价值观对人际信任与助人意愿的影响,也为指导大众树立正确的消费观念,开启健康的生活模式提供了建议和引导。     

高职专业英语教学的现状及对策探讨

随着经济全球化的不断深入,对于多数具有国际贸易背景的用人单位来说,它们的用人标准已经不再仅仅关注丰富的专业知识,而是更为重视具备一定专业英语基础的技术技能型人才。这个人才标准的变化,带来了对高职院校专业英语教学的反思。通过对高职院校专业英语教学现状进行分析,并结合自身教学实践提出提升专业英语教学效果的策略。     

Power play: the use of space to control and signify power in the workplace

ABSTRACT

The findings of this article emerge from an eight-month study examining career identity practices amongst a select group of fitness professionals in the U.K. We examine how the inter-relationship between physical and social space can denote how power is acquired, displayed, and used by individuals interacting in a shared space. The findings show that power is signified through spatial practices as individuals negotiate through triadic space, creating an identity of space and place for both trainer and client that identifies power, and signifies who has power. Fitness professionals with high levels of symbolic power are able to subvert organizational spatial norms to better serve themselves and their clients, while those with lower levels of symbolic power are forced to, or choose to, negotiate or abdicate space to others. These findings are relevant to a wide range of occupations where self-employment and contract workers interact in shared space.