Do Stepparents Experience More Parental Antagonism Than Biological Parents? A Test of Evolutionary and Socialization Perspectives

Research regarding the affective experiences of stepparents is sparse. This study investigated the relationship between parental type (step or biological) and parental socioemotional investment, resentment, and jealousy. The study explored whether evolutionary or socialization accounts of parenting were able to explain the differential treatment of step and biological children. The pattern of findings—that stepparents generally exhibit lower parental socioemotional investment and higher parental resentment and parental jealousy than biological parents—suggests that stepparental antagonism might be due to differences in innate motivations of step and biological parents. Implications for research, theory, and practice are discussed.     

社会心理学嫉妒研究评析

为了探究社会心理学关于嫉妒的研究,应用文献分析等方法,评析社会心理学嫉妒研究现状。结果表明,社会心理学嫉妒理论认为,社会文化对人类嫉妒的产生起着主导作用。该理论将嫉妒分为怀疑性嫉妒和反应性嫉妒,但这种分类未能清晰划分出嫉妒的类型。西方社会心理学常将嫉妒和不公平感笼统地放在一起讨论。在人际关系嫉妒研究中,西方的研究较少涉及社会人际关系嫉妒的讨论。     

Sibling Jealousy in a Triadic Context with Mothers and Fathers

The current study focused on jealousy between toddler and preschool siblings. Sixty-two families participated in triadic interaction sessions, in which mothers and then fathers were instructed to focus on one child (older sibling or toddler) while encouraging the other child to play with other toys in the room. Results indicated that child jealousy reactions differed between mothers and fathers, and parents behaved differently with older and younger siblings. Although older and younger siblings showed jealousy, older children were better than their toddler-age siblings at regulating jealousy responses and engaging in focused play. Further, younger siblings showed differences in jealous behavior when interacting with each parent, whereas older siblings showed somewhat greater behavioral consistency across parents, indicating internalization of emotion regulation style. Mothers expressed more happiness than fathers, and parents responded differently to older versus younger siblings' behaviors. Findings underscore the importance of examining emotion regulation processes within salient family relationships and of considering sibling interaction as a socialization context in which young children learn to negotiate emotional challenges.     

"文人相轻"新论

"文人相轻"的实质并非"各以所长,相轻所短",而是文人之间的相互嫉妒.所谓"贵古贱今"、"贱同思古",也是"文人相轻"的表现,实质上也是文人的嫉妒心理的反映."文人相轻"作为文人嫉妒心理的表现形式,与竞争心理相联系,既有消极作用,也有积极作用.作为社会主义时代的文人,应该抛弃"文人相轻"的陋习,提倡"文人相亲"的新风,互相学习,共同提高.     

Being Affected: Spinoza and the Psychology of Emotion

This paper describes the relevance of Spinoza's Ethics for contemporary thought on the psychology of emotion. Spinoza's account of the passions completely inverts the Cartesian primacy given to mind. For Spinoza the critical task is to formulate an ethics of knowing, which begins with an understanding that body and mind are two attributes of the same substance. Increasing the capacity of the body to both be affected and affect others is the means by which the knowing subject progresses. The article sketches out the key concepts involved in this system and shows how they sensitize us to a post-cognitive understanding of emotion in Proust's Swann's Way.     

大学生嫉妒现状调查分析

大学生普遍存在嫉妒，嫉妒水平影响大学生的心理健康。采用布伦格尔自我报告嫉妒量表对756名大学生进行问卷调查。结果显示，在性别、来源、是否独生子女等方面，大学生嫉妒水平差异显著，不同专业大学生之间嫉妒不存在差异。通过了解大学生嫉妒的一般状况及影响因素，为高校学生心理辅导与干预提供科学依据。     

女子“难养”与救赎之“礼”——兼论宗周文化的历史转型

在线性思维与进化史观的影响下,宗周文化中的巫术成分往往被遮蔽,从而导致对相关问题之探讨变成无的放矢。《论语》"唯女子与小人为难养也"之研究几成聚讼,原因亦在于此;重构宗周哲学语境成为解决问题之关键。宗周文化史当划分为两个阶段:周公制礼作乐,道德与巫术并存,人神关系与人人关系并重,此为第一阶段。孔子反思巫术,以"仁"求"礼"探究人情,专注人人关系,此为第二阶段。《诗小序》建构了"妇德无厌,志不可满,凡有情欲,莫不妬忌"的必然世界,此与上博简《孔子诗论》"民性固然"可构成互文关系。女子与小人难养,当指嫉妒而言。周公时代"巫医"不分,孔子则将疗妬之方法,从巫术思维转移到道德自修与制度约束之上;"礼缘人情",化宗教情感于日常伦理;借此孔子完成了对周公制作的文化救赎。     

Children's Observed Interactions With Best Friends: Associations With Friendship Jealousy and Satisfaction

This study examined the role of friendship jealousy and satisfaction in nine‐year‐old children's observed interactions with their best friends. One hundred five dyads (51 female, 54 male) participated in a 30‐min closed‐field observational setting and reported their jealousy and satisfaction within the friendship. The Actor–Partner Interdependence Model was used to estimate the effects of friendship jealousy and satisfaction on children's own and their friends' behavior. Friends were highly similar in observed behavior and friendship characteristics. Many observed dyadic behaviors were associated with overall levels of jealousy within the friendship, but differences in friendship satisfaction were only predictive of conflict resolution in boys. Children's reports of their friendship jealousy were strongly related to their own behavior in the dyad and the behavior of their best friends. Gender differences were discussed. The results further illustrate the importance of a dyadic perspective on friendship interaction.     

Unequal Treatment by Mothers and Fathers Matters Differently for Daughters and Sons

Research in attachment has yet to examine the differential effects of unequal treatment by mothers versus unequal treatment by fathers and how unequal treatment affects daughters and sons differently. Moreover, research examining the link between differential treatment and relationship outcomes such as jealousy in romantic relationship has suggested that romantic attachment may mediate this process but has not effectively examined this association. In the current study, researchers found that for daughters, unequal control (but not affection) by mothers (but not fathers) predicted jealousy. For sons, unequal affection (but not control) by mothers (but not fathers) predicted jealousy. For sons, attachment mediated the relationship between differential maternal affection and jealousy in romantic relationships.