“He Survives Everything”: A Latency-Aged Child with Play Disruption in the Face of Trauma and Early Object Loss

It is hypothesized that trauma and early object loss result in the arrest of the normal and healthy progression of a child's development and also disrupts a child's capacity to engage in symbolic play. In therapy, over time, with a constant object, a latency-aged child was able to re-enact early trauma and loss, make substantial gains in development, and begin to play in a symbolic and expressive way.     

Estimating the Prevalence of Illegal Drug Use

A generic globally applicable integral equation allows the estimation of hidden drug use. Formulas for estimating the prevalence of drug use are provided for both the assumed and known latency period. Estimates of prevalence of opiate use in Ireland ranging from 7,955 [5,789, 10,122] to 11,986 [8,792, 15,181] with prevalence rates ranging from 2.7 [2.0, 3.5] per 1,000 to 4.1 [3.0, 5.2] were obtained. The model can be implemented by service providers and planners if numbers of first treatments for drug use and the latency period are known or assumed.     

Effects of Disease Type and Latency on the Value of Mortality Risk

We evaluate the effects of disease type and latency on willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce environmental risks of chronic, degenerative disease. Using contingent-valuation data collected from approximately 1,200 respondents in Taiwan, we find that WTP declines with latency between exposure to environmental contaminants and manifestation of any resulting disease, at a 1.5 percent annual rate for a 20 year latency period. WTP to reduce the risk of cancer is estimated to be about one-third larger than WTP to reduce risk of a similar chronic, degenerative disease. The value of risk reduction also depends on the affected organ, environmental pathway, or payment mechanism: estimated WTP to reduce the risk of lung disease due to industrial air pollution is twice as large as WTP to reduce the risk of liver disease due to contaminated drinking water.     

网络负载生成器的研究与设计

介绍了产生模拟负载时面临的问题,给出了网络负载生成器的设计方法,分析了三种事件驱动方式select、poll和epoll实现的负载生成器性能。通过比较得出结论,即采用epoll方式实现的负载生成器在3种方式中具有更好的性能。     

建立在De Bruijn图架构上的三维片上网络设计

提出一种基于De Bruijn图的新型三维片上网络架构方式,利用De Bruijn图直径短、路由简单及容错等特性,实现三维片上网络水平面网络和虚平面网络相结合的分层架构与容错路由算法。利用仿真,在均匀流量和热点流量模型下将该架构与传统架构进行仿真与性能比较,结果表明,与传统的3D_Mesh、XNoTs等架构相比,基于De Bruijn图的三维片上网络架构方式具有较小的网络平均延时与良好的可扩展性。     

A simple in-host model for Mycobacterium tuberculosis that captures all infection outcomes

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis infection can result in clearance, latent infection, or active disease, with slow or fast progression. A four-dimensional model of in-host tuberculosis infection includes macrophages, T lymphocytes, tuberculosis bacteria, and their interactions. Changes in the infection rate, cell-mediated immunity rate, macrophage loss rate, and bacteria killing rate most affect disease outcomes. Simulations show that a periodic solution can occur. When the infected macrophage killing rate is constant, a backward bifurcation exists and the system is globally stable.     

试论汪曾祺审美理想与创作实践的关系——兼对一种批评方法的思考

作家的理论主张与作品实际往往不一致。在批评方法上 ,如果仅仅以作家的理论主张阐释其作品 ,或在作品中寻找一些例证印证作者的理论 ,势必造成某些误读 ,忽略了创作主体与创作过程之间的复杂性。汪曾祺对小说创作的审美主张是“真实”与“和谐” ,实际上其作品在大量“真实”的背后 ,还有长期被掩盖的“失真” ,在被认为“和谐”的旋律中 ,还有不和谐的音符     

19与20世纪中国文学思潮比较论

:2 0世纪中国文坛思潮迭起 ,呈现出夸张的显泛化的态势 ,而 1 9世纪中国文学思潮则体现着潜隐性特征 ,原因是 2 0世纪中国经过了规模浩大的反传统运动 ,在普遍反传统的文化语境中 ,在西方现代思潮的强烈冲击和导引下 ,极容易形成思潮的泛滥 ,而 1 9世纪中国文人虽然也思维活跃 ,酝酿着各种思潮 ,但大多囿于传统的规范 ,甚至碍于自己的身份 ,往往使运作中的或酝酿中的思潮呈潜隐状态。由于这两个世纪基本上都面临内忧外患的严峻局势 ,中国文坛都涌动着现实主义文学主潮 ,不过 1 9世纪流行的是以古典文化为价值依托的古典现实主义 ,而 2 0世纪是以西方文化为参照的宽泛的现实主义     

内隐刻板印象的研究及动向

刻板印象是社会心理学界一直关注的研究热点之一,随着20世纪后期认知心理学的高速发展,其研究成果不断丰富。本文主要论述了内隐刻板印象的类型,测量方法及近期的研究动向,并提出了在该领域以后的研究中值得进一步探讨的问题。     

Is Eradication of the Pinewood Nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) Likely? An Evaluation of Current Contingency Plans

The pinewood nematode (PWN) is one of the worst tree‐killing exotic pests in East‐Asian countries. The first European record of establishment in Portugal in 1999 triggered extensive surveys and contingency plans for eradication in European countries, including immediate removal of large areas of conifer host trees. Using Norway as an example, we applied a simulation model to evaluate the chance of successful eradication of a hypothetical introduction by the current contingency plan in a northern area where wilting symptoms are not expected to occur. Despite a highly variable spread of nematode infestations in space and time, the probability of successful eradication in 20 years was consistently low (mean 0.035, SE 0.02). The low success did not change significantly by varying the biological parameters in sensitivity analyses (SA), probably due to the late detection of infestations by the survey (mean 14.3 years). SA revealed a strong influence of management parameters. However, a high probability of eradication required unrealistic measures: achieving an eradication probability of 0.99 in 20 years required 10,000 survey samples per year and a host tree removal radius of 8,000 m around each detection point.