Medicine on the line? Computer‐mediated social support and advice for people with diabetes

The advent of thousands of Usenet groups on the Internet, covering a vast range of medical and welfare issues and ostensibly devoted to the mutual social support of participating members, has raised the potential for the development of new forms of 'virtual' health care. This article critically analyses the use by people with diabetes of one such Usenet group. It seeks to establish, first, the extent to which such a site provides some demonstrable measure of social support to its participants. This is approached by undertaking a structural analysis of the site to identify the extent of usage, and the nature of supporting interventions using a fivefold classification (instrumental, informational, esteem and social companionship and other). Second, the article attempts to identify any disparity between the lay health-knowledge in evidence and biomedical opinions proffered by the use of a panel of consultant diabetiologists. The results of the analysis suggest that the diabetes newsgroup provides an example of an active forum for largely well-informed participants who routinely use the media as an aid to the reflexive management of their medical condition. It also raises the prospect of a renegotiated relationship between medical knowledge and lay experience based upon shared learning     

论我国人民的陪审制度

陪审制度是我国审判制度组成 ,也是当前司法改革的一项重要内容。鉴于陪审制度的目前现状 ,理论界存在着存废之争。英美法系的陪审制度和大陆法系的参审制度都有其不同的特征 ;我国陪审制与大陆法系国家的参审制极为相似 ,但存在着许多问题和认识上的分歧 ,其观点缺乏实践与理论的依据。在我国现阶段 ,陪审制度对于遏制司法界存在的腐败现象 ,具有积极的作用 ,但尚需完善。     

Was Cicourel’s critique in Methods and Measurement in Sociology too radical?

This article is a contribution to a mini symposium on the 50th anniversary of the publication of A V Cicourel’s Method and Measurement in Sociology (1964). The central theme of the book is reviewed – the problem of the relationship between everyday language and cultural meanings, and the language of measurement in social research – and the lack of an adequate ontology of social actors is identified as being the cause of the problem. The solution offered by Alfred Schütz – that social scientific language should be derived from everyday language – is discussed and it is argued that this was probably too radical at the time the book was published, and is still generally neglected in the social sciences.     

比较法视野下的人民陪审员制度改革

新一轮司法体制改革在强化职业化主审法官主导地位的同时，提出了完善人民陪审员制度、拓宽人民群众有序参与司法渠道的改革目标。比较日本、韩国的民众参与司法裁判的新制度，可知中、日、韩三国的制度改革虽然目标相近，但制度背景、制度内容及其取得的效果却有较大差异。如何平衡好司法专业性与民众参与之间的关系并确保专业性优先，是当前中国司法改革需要考虑的首要问题。参与审判并非普通民众参与司法活动的唯一形式，应当拓宽人民群众参与司法的形式和渠道，加强顶层设计，重视发挥人民陪审员提供专业知识和参与纠纷调解的作用。在今后的人民陪审制改革中要转换视角，弱化政治意义而强化司法功能，细化相应的程序实体规则，注意考虑司法审判相关主体与参与司法裁判民众之间的关系。     

The Use of Lay Assessors

This paper reports on some findings from a research study conductedby the authors for the Commission for Social Care Inspection.It examines the reasons for the involvement of lay assessorsand perceptions of the effectiveness of lay assessors in specificregulatory functions.     

略论孔子与孟子的人生哲学及启示

以孔子和孟子为杰出代表的中国儒家思想中 ,包括着“仁者爱人”、“民贵君轻”的人本精神 ,“杀身成仁”、“舍生取义”的人生价值追求和人格理想 ,“己所不欲 ,勿施于人”的处世哲学等 ,对于中华民族的思想境界、行为规范、民族精神都有着深厚的影响。挖掘并发现其积极的思想因子 ,汲取其精神养份 ,将给我们以有益的启示     

明中后期的居士佛教初探

从明代万历初期始,居士佛学兴盛。明中后期士林佛学的表现形式有两种:一种是遁入空门又不甘寂寞的上层僧人与信佛的官僚在都市的结合;另一种是厌世的文化人和劳苦大众同中下层僧侣在山林的结合,而居主导地位的是前者,正是这种结合推动了明后期佛教的复兴。明后期的居士们或念佛参禅,或诵经并潜研佛理,禅净合一的修行法门乃是最常见的修行方法。当时的居士大多当初受过良好的儒学教育,后来由信仰孔孟儒学转而信奉王氏心学,再而皈依了佛教,所以在哲学思想上反映出了禅理与心学相杂,又处处倡言儒释融通的特点。     

士大夫居士张九成的佛禅观

南宋初期的士大夫张九成是著名禅师大慧宗杲的居士弟子,他本人的佛禅知见,契合于大乘经论与诸禅师的论道,卓然深刻,受到宗果的称赞和肯定.可见张九成在佛法修证上下了一番工夫,佛法在他心中具有相当的地位和影响.     

太虚大师的居士佛教思想

居士佛教在近代佛教的变革与发展中有重要作用,甚至对出家人的地位提出了挑战。太虚大师作为近代佛教改革的领袖人物,他是怎么看待居士佛教的呢?本文将分析太虚大师对居士佛教的护法、弘法作用的认识,以及他对居士佛教的指导、改造,如太虚对佛化家庭、佛化青年的重视,对居士佛教弊端的批评。他对居士佛教的指导与改造都体现在他的正信会组织理念中。此外,太虚对近代僧俗争端的看法是他居士佛教思想中最具特色的部分。     

引导大学生进行英语成功阅读的方法探索

为落实教育部颁布的《高校英语专业教学大纲》的要求,提高英语语言学习性阅读或语言应用性阅读的能力,就必须有效地引导学生成功阅读。要进行成功阅读,就要打好基础,坚持循序渐进、量的原则,要讲究阅读的方法;要在教学中特别注意研究语义单位关系,借以提高阅读的效率。