国外女性人类学的发展过程

结构语言学催生了施特劳斯的结构人类学。随后,在女性主义和结构人类学的推动下,以妇女人类学为基础的女性人类学便作为一门新的分支学科产生和发展起来。它先后经历了结构主义和后结构主义这样两个发展阶段。从９０年代起,后结构主义所面临的一些理论难题又使后结构女性人类学开始进行新的反思,这预示着女性人类学将步入新的发展阶段。     

An argument for love in intercultural education for teacher education

This paper proposes rethinking intercultural education in teacher education, arguing that any discussion of student teachers’ intercultural education should be connected more explicitly to a theoretical conceptualisation of love. The first part of the paper focuses on identifying discursive boundaries in engaging with intercultural education in teacher education. It is argued that if we are to develop intercultural education, we need to consciously move away from some discourses in teacher education, namely instrumentalism, performance orientation, emotionlessness and seeing the relationship between teacher and learner as static. The second half of the paper develops a theoretical alternative by engaging with the concept of love as a basis for intercultural education in pursuing an alternative to the instrumentalist, performance-based, non-emotional fixed-relationship ethos of intercultural education in teacher education.     

The origins, early development and status of Bourdieu's concept of 'cultural capital'

The paper examines the context of the first introduction of the concept of 'cultural capital' in the sociology of education analyses undertaken in the early 1960s and published by Bourdieu in collaboration with Jean-Claude Passeron in 'Les etudiants et leurs etudes' (1964a) and Les Heritiers (1964b). It first considers the cultural contexts within which Bourdieu's thinking about culture originated--both in relation to his social origins and in relation to his intellectual training. It then examines the extent to which Bourdieu's early anthropological research in Algeria was influenced by his knowledge of American acculturation theory. It concludes that Bourdieu sought to use acculturation theory in a distinctive way--one which he articulated more confidently as he explored the relationship between agency and structural explanation in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The specific educational researches which stimulated the articulation of the concept of 'linguistic' or 'cultural' capital belonged to the period in which Bourdieu was only just beginning to refine his post-structuralist philosophy of social scientific explanation. To use these concepts now involves deploying them reflexively in accordance with Bourdieu's later thinking rather than at face value as they were first developed during the period in which he and Passeron were 'apprentice' researchers.     

"后结构主义"思维框架下的企业生命有机体理论研究

“企业生命有机体”应走德里达的后结构主义道路,建立具有混沌吸引子的创新性信息空间,通过“解构”破坏传统主义的自足圆满结构。在后结构主义思维框架下,企业生命有机体理论的主要研究领域为企业生命周期、环境适应与信息熵。现代企业应在后结构主义的思维框架下走出企业婴儿夭折、壮年陨落的周期怪圈;企业需要遵循天人合一的“都江堰法则”;企业信息系统应以信息熵为唯一的衡量标准,从而确定混沌吸引子所处的稳定与不稳定之间的相变状态,实现企业的适应性自组织与突变性创新。     

中国农民话语权的解构与重构

文章梳理了结构主义和后结构主义的范式和方法论。利用后结构主义范式与话语分析法,解构了现实农民利益被非法侵占的案例,发现中国社会霸权话语的建构是真正导致农民失语的最重要原因之一。这与农民素质无关,因为当今的农民素质足以表达他们自己的诉求和言语。问题是霸权的话语剥夺了农民的言语场域和他们应有的空间。归还农民话语权的有效方式可通过中央政府联合其他力量和农民一起打破原有社会话语结构,重构农民的话语场域,使农民获得应有的平等空间。     

西方后结构主义文本理论与中国后现代小说批评——以陈晓明先锋小说批评为中心

西方后结构主义文本理论对中国90年代以来的后现代小说批评产生了决定性影响。借用西方后结构主义"差延"、"补充"、"空缺"和"重复"这四个关键词,以陈晓明为代表的中国后现代小说批评得以走出传统意识形态分析,进而走向价值中立、平面性的文本解析游戏,从而为20世纪中国小说批评提供了一套全然不同的话语形态和术语系统。     

Taking time between g-string changes to educate ourselves: Sinéad O’Connor,Miley Cyrus,and celebrity feminism

This article examines the feminist response to a 2013 online “feud” between singers Miley Cyrus and Sinéad O’Connor that began when Cyrus connected the video for her single “Wrecking Ball” to O’Connor’s video for “Nothing Compares 2 U.” O’Connor’s response criticised Cyrus’ sexualised image, and the exchanges that followed sparked debate among feminists over the limits of sexual “agency,” and the sexual politics of feminism. This took place within a wider media context that has seen an apparent increase in female celebrities explicitly identifying themselves as feminist. Critics of this “celebrity feminism” argue that the sexualised star systems of its proponents are at odds with the aims of feminist politics. This article draws on post-structuralist feminist theory to question the positioning of celebrity feminism as exterior to an imagined “feminist movement.” Using the Cyrus/O’Connor feud, I argue that such a binary potentially reaffirms the structures of power that feminism seeks to oppose, and ignores the ways celebrity culture and contemporary media practice might combine to produce new understandings of the field of feminism.     

希利斯·米勒"文学终结论"的本义考辨

希利斯·米勒提出了"文学的终结在即"的著名论题.它在美国本土并未引起多大的反响,却在中国引起了人们激烈的反对.为什么?文章指出米勒"文学终结论"的"文学"不是指一种学科门类或一种不以人的主观意志为转移的客观实体,而是指一种出现在特定的历史条件下具有特殊的历史内涵的文化话语.国内的理论家和学者们不是在后一种意义上理解米勒的文学的,而是在前一种意义上理论米勒的文学的,因而对该命题产生了普遍的误解.国内的理论家和学者们对米勒"文学终结论"的反诘和批判在很大程度上是无的放矢的.     

福柯的身体理论对女性主义的影响及其局限

福柯身体理论的主要论点是权力关系在社会领域内通过身体进行运作,女性主义由此得出结论,从生物差异角度建构的性别不平等理论对维持社会等级关系起到重要作用。尽管身体理论影响巨大,但在一些关键方面有很大的局限性,如缺乏对身体性别特点的关注,更严重的局限性在于对权力单向度的分析,把个体降级为驯服的身体,因此无法解释妇女在当代社会的丰富体验。女性主义者通过对女性经验和历史的再发现和重估揭示了女性不再是被动牺牲品。福柯对个体作为被动身体的诠释在无意识中又将妇女推向被动的沉默地位。     

后结构主义语言文化观与对外汉语文化教学策略

语言与文化不可分割,在作为第二语言教学的对外汉语教学中如何有效地实施文化教学,提高对外汉语教学效果,是发展、完善对外汉语教学事业的重要课题,近年来一直是专家们争论的热点。近年来在西方发展兴盛的后结构主义语言文化观对西方语言教学产生了深远影响,它为我们展示了一种新思维,笔者借鉴后结构主义语言文化观的主要观点,重新审视并探讨了对外汉语文化教学策略,提出了重视语言本身的文化内涵、设置文化情境提高文化适应力、通过文化比较加深文化理解、多元文化互动促进文化融合等强调学习过程的新方案。