Accountability and academic freedom: The battle concerning research on cold fusion at Texas A&M university

abstract

The Massachusetts Task Force on Human Subject Research has so far been the only serious attempt to investigate radiation experiments on humans. No other federal, state or private agency has looked at a specific experiment in detail. The President's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (ACHRE) provided an overview of the entire nationwide research project, but without a thorough evaluation of any single experiment. The Massachusetts Task Force examined a group of experiments using institutionalized children at two state facilities, the Fernald and Wrentham schools, from 1943 to 1973. The experiments were performed under supervision by scientists at Harvard and MIT, and were funded by several federal agencies. The Task Force found that these experiments were conducted according to the ethical and protocol standard of their day. This did not prevent the Task Force from judging that the experiments violated human rights, and recommending apology and compensation to the victims.     

Proposed best practice for statisticians in the reporting and publication of pharmaceutical industry‐sponsored clinical trials

In this paper we set out what we consider to be a set of best practices for statisticians in the reporting of pharmaceutical industry‐sponsored clinical trials. We make eight recommendations covering: author responsibilities and recognition; publication timing; conflicts of interest; freedom to act; full author access to data; trial registration and independent review. These recommendations are made in the context of the prominent role played by statisticians in the design, conduct, analysis and reporting of pharmaceutical sponsored trials and the perception of the reporting of these trials in the wider community. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

网絡协議TCP/IP

网络协议TCP/IP,分别相当于ISO/OSI参考模式中的第四层和第三层,源于美国国防部ARPANET的协议标准.目前,在高档微机工程工作站中得到广泛的应用,并成为工业界的一个“公认”标准. 本文介绍TCP/IP协议,并结合对B-NET(运行于16位微机DUAL系统83和UNIX系统V)中的TCP/IP的提取和分析,着重说明它们的接口及其执行过程机理.     

综合业务CATV网络

本文提出了一种宽带分布式网络设计,该网络能在CATV电缆上同时进行数据、实时数字话音及模拟电视通信。本系统能支持大量用户间的通信。由于采用了宽带技术和总线网令牌与CSMA/CD的混合协议,从而解决了局域网所面临的距离和时延问题。本文最后对所提出网络的话音性能作了评估,所得结果与相关试验报导数据相符。     

可证明安全的群组匿名认证密钥协商协议

基于BDH困难问题,借鉴环签密方案的思想,提出了一种有效的群组匿名认证密钥协商方案。该方案首先在实现群组成员认证的前提下,协商出安全的会话密钥;对群组内外实现了不同程度的匿名,即群组之外的用户完全不能获悉参与协商的成员组成,群组内的成员了解参与协商的成员组成,但不能识别成员的身份信息;支持节点的动态群组密钥更新,实现了群组密钥的前向保密与后向保密;仅通过一轮交互确定会话密钥,降低了计算复杂性、减小了存储开销。     

英汉词汇空缺的处理过程研究

原语中有些词语、词组在翻译为目的语时极易引起词汇空缺,造成原语意义的不完全表达,从而影响跨文化交流的有效进行,因此,弥补这些词汇空缺在跨文化交际中发挥着重要的作用。运用心理学有声思维报告方法研究7名译者在翻译极易引起词汇空缺的词语、词组时的心理活动,真实再现译者对这些词语、词组的处理过程,能为翻译研究和翻译教学提供一些启示。     

Diagnosis of Pregnancy

Abstract

Contraceptive failure is a growing problem, especially on the college campus. Because of this, college health care providers are treating more and more college women not only for pregnancy-related problems, but women that present to the health center with other health complaints and are pregnant as well.

For these reasons, the diagnosis of pregnancy must always be entertained by all health care providers treating young women. Pregnancy must always be excluded before any tests or procedures are done that may be teratogenic. This is not only important for optimal health care, but also for medical-legal reasons.

This paper presents four unusual presentations of pregnancy and reviews the guidelines for diagnosis of pregnancy.     

新的Adhoc网络安全路由协议

针对目前Adhoc网络安全DSR协议的安全性难以保证的现状,提出并证明了能够抵御active-1-y(y≥1)攻击的安全DSR所必须满足的一个充要条件,同时设计了一种新的安全DSR协议——ESDSR,并证明该协议满足上述充要条件。分析结果表明,与现有各种安全DSR协议相比,ESDSR不仅达到了抵御active-1-y攻击的安全目标,而且具有最低的资源开销,适用于Adhoc网络环境。     

基于有声思维法的语用照应研究

语用照应作为一种语言现象，在言语交际中起着重要作用，然而人们的认知能力对理解语用照应则有很大影响。有声思维作为分析人类认知过程的一种方法，被运用于心理学、教育学和认知科学等多个领域中。以此将有声思维这一研究方法应用于语用照应研究，实验结果将作为实证研究的有力补充。     

Voices from the Valleys: Researching lone mothers talk

This paper focuses upon an interdisciplinary research project the authors are currently engaged in, specifically designed to address the inattention paid so far to lone mothers voices in the Rhondda Valleys in Mid Glamorgan, South Wales. This is an area characterised by high unemployment, community restructuring and fragmenting kinship patterns and, according to analysis of the 1991 Census data, Mid Glamorgan ranks ninth highest in the UK in terms of the incidence of lone parents as a percentage of total households with dependent children. Given the political sensitivity of the issue of lone parenting, and the attempts of dominant discourses to pathologise lone mothers in particular, this paper explores some of the issues involved in responsibly accessing situated accounts of lone mothers subjectivities. The particular representations of self and status that these women offer in their own accounts, and how they articulate those representations in different contexts, is bound up with complex political, ethical and methodological concerns. In addressing these concerns, this paper seeks to interrogate some of the tensions at play in research on marginalise? groups living in communities which have been defined as spatially isolated and economically deprived. The paper thus centres for discussion the problems and possibilities that inevitably surface when undertaking research of this kind. We conclude that research which reveals talk which manages, disrupts and reworks contested representations of otherness needs to be carefully and self-reflexively accessed, collected and disseminated, even and perhaps especially when such research is supposedly informed by critical feminist awareness.