新零售时代零售商主导的双渠道供应链线上线下服务水平决策——基于Hotelling模型

随着以消费者体验为中心的新零售的深入发展,零售商更加关注客户在整个消费过程中的综合服务体验,迫切需要围绕消费者需求设计科学的服务水平策略。基于Hotelling模型,构建由制造商、线上零售商、线下零售商以及物流服务商组成的双渠道供应链,结合双渠道的特点,将线上、线下服务水平及物流服务价格等同时引入供应链,研究分散决策以及局部合作决策两种模式下的最优服务水平决策等。研究表明:两种决策模式下,单位距离成本对物流服务水平以及线下综合体验服务水平具有负向影响,因此,线下零售商应科学选址,缩短与消费者之间的时间距离;当消费者的线上线下价格敏感系数之差增大时,线上渠道的市场份额及利润水平下滑,而线下渠道恰恰相反。因此,不同渠道的决策主体应采取差异化的市场定位策略。分散决策时整个供应链的物流服务水平小于线下综合体验服务水平,而线上零售商的合作策略可进一步提高其市场份额及物流服务水平,但不影响整个供应链的线下综合体验服务水平。因此,线上零售商和物流服务商应采取合作策略。     

全渠道零售体验价值共创行为对顾客忠诚的影响——基于服务主导逻辑视角

移动网络技术和人工智能技术的发展日益推动着全渠道零售体验价值共创行为的变化,全渠道零售企业和顾客有效整合线上线下资源共创零售体验价值已成为实现顾客忠诚的重要来源。基于文献回顾和访谈研究,从服务主导逻辑视角构建了全渠道零售体验价值共创行为对顾客忠诚的影响模型。实证分析发现:共创服务产品对认知体验价值有积极影响,共创服务产品、共创体验环境和共创服务互动对情感体验价值有积极影响;共创服务产品、共创服务互动对顾客忠诚有积极的影响;认知体验价值、情感体验价值对顾客忠诚有积极影响;认知体验价值部分中介了共创服务产品对顾客忠诚的影响,情感体验价值部分中介了共创服务产品和共创服务互动对顾客忠诚的影响;技术化和适当的程序控制在全渠道零售体验价值共创行为与体验价值之间有一定程度的正向调节作用。因而,提升和优化线上线下融合的全渠道零售体验价值共创行为,强化顾客体验价值获取,促进技术化水平提升,以及提供适当的程序控制是促进全渠道零售顾客忠诚的关键。     

中国零售业发展的八大矛盾及解决思路

伴随着20世纪90年代中期我国开始的一场综合性零售革命,零售业在快速发展的同时,也出现了一些新的矛盾。这些矛盾集中表现在八个方面:鼓励零售业发展和合理规制、扩大零售业对外开放和经济安全、推动城市化和扩大农村市场、零供合作和盈利模式转换、百货商店联营和自营、快速开店和规范化发展、店铺零售和网络销售、零售理论匮乏和实践发展。这些矛盾制约着未来中国零售业的健康发展,因此,本文对这八大矛盾的表现、成因进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决思路。     

The Value of Weather Information for E‐Commerce Operations

To be efficient, logistics operations in e‐commerce require warehousing and transportation resources to be aligned with sales. Customer orders must be fulfilled with short lead times to ensure high customer satisfaction, and the costly under‐utilization of workers must be avoided. To approach this ideal, forecasting order quantities with high accuracy is essential. Many drivers of online sales, including seasonality, special promotions and public holidays, are well known, and they have been frequently incorporated into forecasting approaches. However, the impact of weather on e‐commerce operations has not been rigorously analyzed. In this study, we integrate weather data into the sales forecasting of the largest European online fashion retailer. We find that sunshine, temperature, and rain have a significant impact on daily sales, particularly in the summer, on weekends, and on days with extreme weather. Using weather forecasts, we have significantly improved sales forecast accuracy. We find that including weather data in the sales forecast model can lead to fewer sales forecast errors, reducing them by, on average, 8.6% to 12.2% and up to 50.6% on summer weekends. In turn, the improvement in sales forecast accuracy has a measurable impact on logistics and warehousing operations. We quantify the value of incorporating weather forecasts in the planning process for the order fulfillment center workforce and show how their incorporation can be leveraged to reduce costs and increase performance. With a perfect information planning scenario, excess costs can be reduced by 11.6% compared with the cost reduction attainable with a baseline model that ignores weather information in workforce planning.     

中国零售业并购分析

零售业的并购近年来成为中国经济生活中的热点问题倍受人们关注。本文对2000年以来的中国零售业的并购问题进行分析。首先是描述中国零售业2000年以来的并购概况,对中国零售业并购的数量规模、区域分布和跨国并购等基本情况进行描述;从横向并购、举牌并购、强强联合兴起、跨国并购和国退民进等方面对中国零售业并购的特点进行分析;从融资难度、整合乏力、效益欠佳和外资强占市场等方面对中国零售业并购中存在的问题进行探讨;从微观和宏观两个层面提出了优化中国零售业的并购重组的思路和对策。     

Analyzing the Efficient Execution of In‐Store Logistics Processes in Grocery Retailing—The Case of Dairy Products

In this article, we examine in‐store logistics processes for handling dairy products, from the incoming dock to the shelves of supermarkets and hypermarkets. The efficient execution of the in‐store logistics related to such fast‐moving, sensitive, and essential items is challenging and crucial for grocery retailers' sales, profits, and image. In our empirical study, we survey in‐store logistics processes in 202 grocery supermarkets and hypermarkets belonging to a major retail chain in central Europe. Using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) and simulation, we facilitate process benchmarking. In particular, we identify ways of improving in‐store logistics processes by showing the performance impacts of different managerial strategies and tactics. The DEA results indicate different efficiency levels for different store formats; the hybrid store format of the small hypermarket exhibits a comparatively worse performance in the analyzed execution of in‐store logistics processes. The process simulation analysis reveals that the strategic and tactical design of in‐store logistics processes (such as store locations/layouts, capacity management, reorder time, order period, and safety stock factors) lead to substantial service performance improvements (such as higher on‐shelf availability combined with reduced inventory obsolescence costs). The results also show marginal improvements in the performance figures when delivery delays and damage to products are reduced.     

论社区零售订购业态

在短缺经济时代甚至直到19世纪,零售订购依然是人类重要的购物方式和销售方式。大工业资本主义的兴起几乎摧毁了零售订购业。在经济高速发展的今天,社区零售订购又恢复了他的生机,电话和电视订购也赋予了它新的涵义。B2C零售订购业将成为中国电子商务的E—SHOP零售营销大趋势。     

论电子商务应解决的问题

在全球经济一体化趋势中 ,电子商务改变了企业对消费者或市场的合作与竞争关系 ,为经营管理方式带来了变革。在电子商务模式之下 ,零售商和消费者都面临着新的问题和思考。零售商应如何利用信息和技术来经营管理 ,消费者又将选择何种方式来购买商品等诸多问题在文章中得到了系统地论述。在比较分析之后提出了电子商务应具备的条件及成功实施的策略     

迎接中国多渠道零售革命的风暴

近几年,随着信息技术的快速发展,我国涌出诸多新的零售渠道类型,导致多渠道零售革命的爆发。这场革命的原因是信息技术发展,内容是多渠道协同并存,主体是制造商、销售商、物流商、信息商和银行等共同参与。多渠道革命包括零售组合和整合的两种基本类型。其应对策略是根据零售业购物、娱乐和社交的三个本质特征,以及顾客关注和竞争优势,选择零售的定位,并通过营销组合以及多渠道协同实现确定的定位优势。     

外资进入对我国零售产业集聚的影响

基于零售产业性质及资源特征视角,分析了零售产业集聚的二维评价模型特征,利用赫芬达尔指数与基尼系数考察了外资进入下中国零售产业集聚的变动趋势,并把外资零售企业国际化行为放在中国零售产业集聚的二维空间下进行了相关性分析。研究发现,外资零售企业国际化行为是影响中国零售产业企业集聚趋高、区域集聚趋低的重要因素,影响的主要路径是店铺扩张与人力资源竞争。