大型系统集成的设计与实现

根据行业间系统集成项目在通信、协议、事务、安全方面的特点，和国税多元化信息服务平台建设的背景，提出了系统建设的目标在于通过税务和银行、国库、电信、邮政等行业的互联和系统集成，为纳税人提供多种纳税申报言式，保证税款及时征收和入库。该平台由电话／传真／银行网点／网络／邮政报税、税／银／邮／电联网、ＣＡ安全认证、数据传输、业务处理、中心管理等功能模块组成；采用多种技术和产品进行实现；并从技术角度提出需关注的问题。     

How Autonomous are Public Corporations in Hong Kong? The Case of the Airport Authority

This article examines the degree of autonomy of Hong Kong’s Airport Authority (AA). Traditionally, airport management in Hong Kong was the responsibility of the government’s Civil Aviation Department. The AA was established in 1995 to manage the new international airport at Chek Lap Kok which opened in 1998. It was expected to run as a commercial enterprise but, because of its strategic importance, there was concern that it should not become an independent empire detached from government control. As a hybrid type of organization, the AA has moved steadily towards full commercialization. The government has also put its privatization on the agenda. Its transformation may have some implications for the redefinition of the future autonomy boundaries of public corporations in Hong Kong.

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Institutionalizing public relations in China: A sociological analysis of the Chinese Premier's Press Conference

Unlike previous studies that focus on the problems of public relations management, this study tackles the institutionalization of PR in China from a sociological perspective. Through the process of social construction, public relations is institutionalized according to changes in the larger environment, making use of different sources of legitimation. Focusing on the evolution of the Chinese Premier's Press Conference (CPPC), this study finds that the institutionalization of PR in China, especially in the realm of governmental practices, has varied in its structure, settings and contents, which are mixed with informal features within the Chinese social–political context. The CPPC has become a venue for top-down publicity for the powers that be. Because the organizational structure of the CPPC is more centralized than that of other governmental institutions, the form and content of its PR communications are mostly predictable. However, it is the process of the institutionalization of the CPPC that is revealing of how the Chinese government rationalizes its authority and legitimacy.     

The impact of learning opportunities and decision authority on occupational health

In an investigation of 418 employees in the Norwegian Postal Service, employees with high learning opportunities and high decision authority were found to be better off on psychological functioning, health and organizational outcome variables than employees with low scores on these variables. Decision authority and learning opportunities had specific and independent impact on subjective health, psychological functioning, coping style and organizational outcome variables. There were, however, also interaction effects between demands, learning opportunities, and decision authority on subjective health. Learning opportunities and decision authority were operationalized with a questionnaire, supplemented with questions on the opportunities to learn skills beyond the present job situation. It is suggested that this is a particularly important dimension for coping with the present day rapid changes in working life, where the objective for many workers will be to broaden their repertoire and competence to increase their flexibility in the labour market.     

中西网络政府及其行政权力运行之比较

建立网络政府、倡导网络政治是当代社会发展的一股潮流，西方发达国家已经先行一步。中国政府也在积极探索建立网络政府，推进行政权力网上公开透明运行的必由之路，并且取得了一系列重要成果。比较中西在网络政府建设中的不同举措，总结各自的经验教训对于我国网络政府的建设以及达成“权力在阳光下运行”的目标或许有所启迪。     

Exploring Knowledge through Peer Tutoring in a Transitional Learning Community: An Alternative Way of Teaching Counseling Skills to Students in Social Work Education

This article is a critical review of Crossing Bridges, a Department of Health training pack for those working with 'mentally ill' parents and their children. The author argues, on the basis of both personal and professional experience, that although the pack pays lip-service to the significance of structural factors, the training resources are primarily rooted in an individual and family-focused pathology model of mental illness. Three arguments are put forward for the necessity of a wider framework: the significance of shame and stigma to those experiencing mental distress and their families; the predominance of understandings of mental illness that translate social phenomena into individualised problems, notably genetic explanations and attributions of risk and dangerousness; and the contribution of motherhood to the experiencing of mental distress in women. Initiatives within the mental health survivor movement are highlighted as examples promoting positive images of mental distress, and the implications of the issues raised for social work education are considered. The article concludes that efforts to help the children of 'mentally ill' parents, not to mention the parents themselves, must incorporate wider strategies to promote openness, respect, acceptance and ultimately, social inclusion, of those who experience mental distress.     

抽象行政行为的法律规制

抽象行政行为作为一种法律行为,应建立在法治的基础上。为了保证对抽象行政行为的有效监督和法律约束,必须加强对抽象行政行为的法律规制,确立对抽象行政行为的司法审查权。     

村庄公共权力:村治研究的切入视角及其解说模式

村治研究的重心从民主问题转向治理问题引发了学术界的激烈争论,研究村庄公共权力则是搭建学术对话平台、消解学术分歧的重要突破口。以村庄公共权力为村治研究的切入视角,不仅有着特定的村治研究意义,而且具有明显的现实价值取向。国家与社会关系框架作为村庄公共权力研究的传统解说模式,因其解释空间的有限,难以将村治研究继续推向深入。借鉴并运用治理理论解说模式,是深化村庄公共权力研究的理想选择。     

政府权威与社会公共利益

政府权威是社会公共利益的需要。在我国由计划经济向现代市场经济转变的过程中,社会利益的多元性和复杂性以及人们生存需求的多样化,都在更为深入的层面上对政府的社会秩序供给提出了新的要求,对传统的政府权威形成挑战。适应新的社会历史条件,强化政府权威,需要完善制度法规,限定权力,制衡权力,监督权力,推进民主化进程,增强社会凝聚力。     

The impact of learning opportunities and decision authority on occupational health

In an investigation of 418 employees in the Norwegian Postal Service, employees with high learning opportunities and high decision authority were found to be better off on psychological functioning, health and organizational outcome variables than employees with low scores on these variables. Decision authority and learning opportunities had specific and independent impact on subjective health, psychological functioning, coping style and organizational outcome variables. There were, however, also interaction effects between demands, learning opportunities, and decision authority on subjective health. Learning opportunities and decision authority were operationalized with a questionnaire, supplemented with questions on the opportunities to learn skills beyond the present job situation. It is suggested that this is a particularly important dimension for coping with the present day rapid changes in working life, where the objective for many workers will be to broaden their repertoire and competence to increase their flexibility in the labour market.