夫妻一方举债案件中的当事人确定和嗣后救济

“夫妻共同债务”与 “连带债务”在债务发生原因和债务履行上存在差别,对其进行诉讼时,诉讼形式应为固有的必要共同诉讼。当债权人仅起诉名义举债人一方时,可能构成诉讼被告不适格。借鉴德日诉讼要件理论,法院可以对当事人适格问题进行“职权调查”,但所采用的诉讼资料应遵循“辩论主义”。在此基础之上,应明确法院的释明权适用情形,即通过对已经参加诉讼的当事人进行释明来改变诉的不合法状态。若因法院在此审判阶段释明权适用不到位,而最终不合法的诉获得了无法顺利执行的实体判决,债权人想要获得圆满救济仅能依靠再审。     

我国商业信用的资源再配置效应与强制性特征——基于工业企业数据的实证检验

商业信用的资源再配置假说认为,商业信用可实现银行信贷资金的再配置,从而提高资源配置效率。以2004—2007年中国工业企业微观数据为基础,对我国商业信用的资源配置效应以及恶意拖欠基础上的强制性信用特征进行的检验结果表明,在我国,获取更多银行信贷的企业(包括国有企业)不仅未能提供更多商业信用,反而获取了更多商业信用,而市场势力的存在可能是导致这一配置结果的扭曲性因素;拥有更多应收账款的企业倾向于扩大应付账款规模,从而使企业间债务关系呈现出较强的"三角债"趋势。此外,与出口企业相比,产品内销企业在商业信用的供给中面临着更多的坏账损失风险。这说明我国商业信用的产生具有显著的恶意拖欠特征与违约风险。我国的商业信用不仅未能改善资源配置效率,反而增大了市场的交易费用和运行风险。     

释放国债风险的策略选择

改革开放以来 ,我国重新启动公债的发行。特别是 1 994年以来 ,政府债务收入迅速增长 ,成为政府可支配资源的重要组成部分。公债作为政府调控市场、应对经济周期的重要手段 ,起到了非常重要的作用。如何判断我国的政府债务收入 ,确定适度的国债规模和发债空间 ,释放国债风险 ,是一个不容忽视的问题     

“债转股”政策效果研究

“债转股”对盘活银行不良资产 ,降低国有企业债务负担起到了积极作用 ,但也容易产生一些负面效应。要使“债转股”趋利避害 ,取得最佳政策效果 ,关键在于将“债转股”与国有经济的“战略性退出”结合起来 ,对“债转股”之后的企业实施民营化     

Efficiency in the generation of social welfare in Mexico: A proposal in the presence of bad outputs

One of the main goals of any country is to secure the general welfare of society, entailing positive levels of education, health and income, coupled with low levels of social inequality. The following paper studies the efficient use of economic and social resources to generate social welfare in the presence of bad outputs in the states of Mexico during 2010. A two-level data envelopment analysis model was used to determine how efficient the 32 states of the Mexican Republic were, considering as model variables the socioeconomic indicators of the three dimensions of human development (education, health and income), and the data on poverty or inequity in the country. The analysis of the results reveals that only 5 of the 32 units studied were efficient in generating welfare and in reducing poverty, while the rest need to increase their welfare levels and especially reduce inequity in education and income using the economic and social resources they possess.     

A slacks-based inefficiency measure for a two-stage system with bad outputs

We model the performance of DMUs (decision-making units) using a two-stage network model. In the first stage of production DMUs use inputs to produce an intermediate output that becomes an input to a second stage where final outputs are produced. Previous black box DEA models allowed for non-radial scaling of outputs and inputs and accounted for slacks in the constraints that define the technology. We extend these models and build a performance measure that accounts for a network structure of production. We use our method to estimate the performance of Japanese banks, which use labor, physical capital, and financial equity capital in a first stage to produce an intermediate output of deposits. In the second stage, those deposits become an input in the production of loans and securities investments. The network estimates reveal greater bank inefficiency than do the estimates that treat the bank production process as a black box with all production taking place in a single stage.     

高校举债办学风险分析及防范措施

随着高校招生规模的扩大,在校学生人数不断增加,原有的设施已不能满足目前学校发展的需要,高校为了吸引更多的人才,纷纷向银行大量举债,建设新校区和基础设施,高校贷款资金在改善高校办学条件、满足学生基本需求的同时,随着学校还贷高峰的到来和还贷能力的约束,巨额本息的支付使高校面临严峻的财务风险。因此,现在阶段必需规范高校贷款行为,强化高校举债规模的评估与控制,合理有效的使用银行信贷资金,防范和化解出现的各种风险。     

说"美刺"--兼谈鲁、齐、韩、毛四家诗之异同

古代儒家成系统的诗论 ,出自对《诗经》的解读 ,较早的有鲁、齐、韩、毛四家。四家说诗互有异同 ,但无论是讲诗言志 ,或是以比兴言诗 ,还是谈风雅正变 ,都以“美刺”为一贯之宗旨。这成为汉代诗学思想体系最显著的特征 ,奠定了中国传统诗歌理论批评的政教纲领     

对我国债转股理论与政策的思考

本文在总结已有理论研究的基础上,对我国已实行的债转股政策作进一步分析。认为债转股的政策效应最终取决于参与债转股的国有企业与国有商业银行的治理机制的根本转变与改善以及相关配套改革措施的出台,政策的颁布实施应具有前瞻性。     

加强企业应收账款风险管理

由于商业信用的发展,企业间赊销赊购现象已非属偶然。而由赊销赊购带来的应收账款风险,一直困扰着企业,使企业不能有再生产所需的充足的资金。应认真总结其形成的原因,采取有效的措施,避免或减少应收账款风险,以加速资金的收回。