Unaddressed problems and research perspectives in scheduling blood collection from donors

Many optimisation problems arise in managing the Blood Donation (BD) supply chain. Most of them have been addressed in the literature, while other problems, e.g. donation scheduling, have not been sufficiently addressed so far. However, blood collection from donors may have a disruptive impact on the entire BD supply chain if not properly managed. For example, scheduling donation appointments based on some system metrics may improve the flow of blood units through the BD supply chain and increase the quality of service perceived by donors. In this short communication, we present the donation scheduling problem and highlight the lack of work in the literature that deals with this problem. Then, we analyse the impact of an unbalanced flow of blood units on the BD system and the benefits that may derive from a suitable appointment scheduling. Finally, we propose suggestions for future research in BD collection scheduling that may improve the BD process.     

论苏珊·洛莉·帕克斯戏剧《在血泊中》的困境主题

苏珊·洛莉·帕克斯是美国新生代剧作家.她的剧作主要揭示了黑人的生存状态和命运.戏剧《在血泊中》中的主人公身陷物质、情感和家园三重困境,其根源在于美国的社会现实以及剧作家的自身因素,它映射了美国的历史文化对于黑人生存的影响.对待困境,剧中人物有着迥异的态度和不同的突围方式,而对于黑人女性而言,结局又总是悲惨与凄凉的.     

Seclusion,decision-making power,and gender disparities in adult health: Examining hypertension in India

Research on the social determinants of health in developing countries is increasingly focusing on the importance of gender. Cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension are a growing concern in developing countries, where they are now the leading cause of death. Researchers have documented differences in hypertension between men and women, but the importance of gendered practices in shaping these differences has been left unexamined. Using national data from the India Human Development Survey 2005 (N = 101,593), this study assesses the moderating role of two salient and widespread gendered practices—women’s seclusion and decision-making power—on hypertension disparities between women and men. Both seclusion and low decision-making power are associated with increased odds of hypertension for women, but in the case of seclusion reduced hypertension for men. Results also show the gender gap in hypertension is exacerbated with women’s seclusion and low decision-making power.     

詹姆斯·韦尔奇《血中冬季》中恶作剧者形象解读

恶作剧者是美国印第安创世神话中的一个鲜明又奇特的形象。詹姆斯·韦尔奇的《血中冬季》是清晰地建立在部族传统的恶作剧者原型之上的小说。从恶作剧者的放荡不羁形象、动物变形者和印第安长者三个方面，分析了恶作剧者在小说人物刻画中的作用。     

Nutrient intake in day workers and shift workers

Abstract

The 24-h dietary intake, nutritional status parameters and psychosomatic factors of two-shift, three-shift and day workers were compared. Estimations of the dietary intake (across a work cycle) were made by use of a nutrient database. No significant differences were found between the groups for a large number of nutritional variables: intake of energy; intake and percentage of energy from protein, fat, total carbohydrates and sucrose; intake of coffee; and intake and density of vitamins and minerals. Only minor differences were found between the groups with regard to the quantitative intake of alcohol and calcium, and with regard to the quality of the diet (percentage of energy from alcohol, density of calcium). The groups differed significantly with respect to attitude towards work hours (three-shift workers being most negative in their attitude) and sleep disturbances (shift workers being most negative). The three-shift workers were more evening-oriented and they had higher concentrations of glucose in their blood. It was concluded that work hours not related to nutritional intake—at least not when total amounts across time are considered. It was also concluded that work hours were not related to Body Mass Index or blood lipids: triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol.     

血亲情理还是理性主义--中西方德性与知识研究视角透视

知性在西方的哲学中是一个认识论的概念,是理性在意识中的思辨反思,是感觉知觉的综合而形成的概念能力向度。但一旦当知性所欲求的知识与力的冲动相联系而具有伦理精神,其德性的形成即具有理性主义的特征,或者说,知识与德性之间也形或了概念话语的某种关系的张力,在西方,倾向于德性的理性主义,在东方则是知识的德性主义,或说知性德性、而在中国古代,没有知性的概念,和古希腊一样是以知和智实现向德性的转换。但是由于传统心性儒家赋予知或智以道德情感,心性相融本身已经祛魅知识在德性形成中的作用,甚至其知行合一预示了对道德行为的漠视。而萄予与心性儒宋不同,心无德蕴涵了对知识的渴求和转知成德的期望,其复反其初的知性思维把知识与德性的关系嵌入行为的践援之中,而其现实主义品格、实践理性的精神又隐分了对德性的尊重并且把知识与伪相结合赋予知性分的特埂及其追求义利和谐、德得相通的和一特征。     

婚礼中的"避煞"民俗探析--兼论处女红禁忌始源

汉代婚礼用阳燧避煞,但不说煞究竟是什么.后代继续用镜,又衍化出许多避煞载体.唐代笼统说"三煞",宋代具体说是青牛、青羊、乌鸡.扑朔迷离,难知的实.避煞是针对新娘而言,即煞为新娘本身具有,本源于原始的处女红禁忌.     

西昌黄联关镇客话的亲属称谓

本文运用田野调查的方法,系统收集整理了四川省西昌市黄联客家方言岛的亲属称谓词。试从血亲、姻亲和其他关系三个方面来对黄联客家话亲属称谓词做一个系统的描写分析,并对其中部分称谓做了语音上的分析或传统文化含义的阐释。     

Blood drones: using utopia as method to imagine future vital mobilities

ABSTRACT

How might we undertake life-saving vital mobilities, like moving blood, in future? Specifically, how might blood transfusion and drone technology – both war dividends – intersect? We explore four scenarios based on eclectic influences including cross-pollination between co-authors, a futures design workshop and exposure to science fiction. The scenarios are ‘ethnographic fragments’ from fictional futures, or conversely, imaginative time travel to possible futures. These are informed by and loosely correlate with established future-building scenario on the theme of carbon constraint: low-carbon society, digital lives, magic bullet technology and resource fights. Through the scenarios – Blood Bikes, HemoIkea, O Magic and Bloody Battles – we experiment with mobilizing utopia and dystopia as method to theorize vital mobilities. This experimental approach raises questions about possible and preferable futures of societal blood circulation and provokes a wider cultural imaginary surrounding blood and drone mobilities specifically, and vital mobilities generally.