大型系统集成的设计与实现

根据行业间系统集成项目在通信、协议、事务、安全方面的特点，和国税多元化信息服务平台建设的背景，提出了系统建设的目标在于通过税务和银行、国库、电信、邮政等行业的互联和系统集成，为纳税人提供多种纳税申报言式，保证税款及时征收和入库。该平台由电话／传真／银行网点／网络／邮政报税、税／银／邮／电联网、ＣＡ安全认证、数据传输、业务处理、中心管理等功能模块组成；采用多种技术和产品进行实现；并从技术角度提出需关注的问题。     

PKI技术与应用

PKI是基于公钥加密体制的提供公钥加密和数字签名服务的系统或平台,主要由认证中心(CA)、数字证书库、密钥备份及恢复系统、证书撤销处理系统和应用程序接口(API)组成。其中CA是PKI的核心环节,具有证书发放、更新、撤销和验证等功能。PKI技术已在很多领域得到了广泛的应用。     

Artifact in client satisfaction assessment: experience in community mental health settings

Artifact in client satisfaction assessment is discussed and the results of a study of three factors thought to mediate client satisfaction ratings; (a) general life satisfaction, (b) mode of administration, and (c) psychological symptomatology, are reported. A standard client satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ) was modified to yield parallel forms and was administered orally and in writing to 92 clients in two mental health day treatment programs. Satisfaction ratings obtained from these clients were quite similar to out-patient ratings obtained in previous studies conducted in this setting and using the same measures. Oral administration of the CSQ produced 10% higher satisfaction ratings than written administration (p less than .05) and less missing data (p less than .01). Satisfaction ratings were also obtained using a simple graphic instrument. Graphic ratings were comparable to CSQ ratings. Satisfaction with life in general and level of psychiatric symptoms together accounted for 25% of CSQ variance. The implication of these findings for future client satisfaction research is discussed.     

Chance in Guttman scaling

In their recent paper (1977, Social Science Research, 6, 188–196), Kenny and Rubin offer an interpretation of “chance” in Guttman scaling. Their approach is based on the matrix of probabilities p_ij, giving the chance that the ith respondent passes the jth item. It is shown that their interpretation of chance in fact corresponds to a stochastic model of a perfect unidimensional scale. An alternative condition for chance based on the matrix of p_ij's is proposed. This is then proved to be equivalent to the usual interpretation.     

Size and duration of empires: Systematics of size

Areas of the world's three largest empires or states at any given time are listed at 100- or 50-year intervals, from 3000 b.c. on. Area measurement definitions and techniques are described. Major empire size has tended to increase, approaching the world's dry earth area in an approximately logistic way. This pattern suggests that a world state is still many centuries away. Sudden increases in empire size have occurred around 2800 b.c. due to emergence of cities, around 600 b.c. due to a power delegation breakthrough, and around 1600 a.d. due to a communication speed revolution. A graph of the world's largest empire areas throughout times offers somewhat novel perspectives on world history, making one realize the Western bias of many “world history” texts. Areas of 20 largest states that ever existed are listed. Subsequent papers will deal with historical periods in more detail.     

Confession of prior knowledge about experimental procedures as a function of evaluation apprehension and commitment

Subjects' evaluation apprehension (anxiety about being judged by the experimenter) and commitment to (involvement in) the experiment were manipulated in an experimental study of subjects' honesty in postexperimental interviews. Previous studies have shown that subjects are typically dishonest in postexperimental interviews by refusing to admit prior knowledge of the experiment imparted to them by a confederate. It was found that both high apprehension and low commitment lead to greater subject honesty. Other features of the experimental design were successful in inducing subjects to be generally more honest than their counterparts in previous confederate tip-off studies.     

国外社会工作评估：理论架构探析

国外社会工作评估的理论架构不但为系统培训和实务工作的开展提供了可遵循的框架,而且为实务经验的累积和理论化提供了一个条理清晰的路径。文章在对社会工作评估作剖析的基础上,探讨了国外社会工作评估的TIE架构和CA/B架构。     

FMECA在遥控终端可靠性设计中的应用

概要论述了某型号遥控终端的故障模式、影响及危害性分析（ＦＭＥＣＡ），并指出如何根据ＦＭＥＣＡ的结果指导遥控终端可靠性设计