Determination of oxidative stress levels and some antioxidant enzyme activities in prostate cancer

In this study, the antioxidant enzyme activities such as (SOD, GSH, and CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, were determined from the serum samples taken from patients diagnosed with prostate cancer Van Yuzuncu Y?l University Medical Faculty of Educational Research and Training Hospital and ?stanbul Bagcilar Education Research Hospital. The SOD, GSH, and CAT activity of patient groups was found significantly lower than the healthy control group in patients with prostate cancer (p?CAT have been decreased in control groups. Thus, we concluded that the cause of development of prostate cancer may be the result of an imbalance between the antioxidants and oxidative stress. As a result, SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of prostate cancer.     

VXIbus自动测试系统的研究

VXIbus(VMEbus Extcnsions for Instrumcntation)是继GPIB接口之后,在PC机广泛应用的基础上,融合了VMEbus(VERSA-bus Modular Europcan)和GPIB而产生的新一代仪器总线。本文讨论了怎样在GPIB环境下采用VXIbus标准组建新型的自动测试系统,并结合VXIB1数据采集实验系统的设计实践,探讨了选用VXIbus标准需要解决的有关技术问题。     

中药复方对脂质过氧化物及抗氧化酶活性的影响

本课题研究了黄芪、丹参、枸杞等十味中药组成的复方制剂及在该复方制剂中加V_E和微量元素(Zn、Se)对小白鼠血液过氧化氢酶(CAT)、肝组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHP_X)、脑组织单胺氧化酶(MAO—B)和心脏过氧化脂质(LPO)的影响。结果表明,两组复方制剂均能不同程度地提高CAT和GSHP_X活性,降低LPO的含量和抑制单胺氧化酶的活性。证明该复方具有抗氧化作用,能抵御自由基对机体造成的损伤。而且V_E及微量元素(Zn、Se)与中药合用有协同增效作用。     

Markets with endogenous uncertainty theory and policy

Classic formulations of markets regard uncertainty as originating from acts of nature. I extend this to a formulation of markets which face risks induced by the economy itself, such as the environmental risks of atmospheric and climate change induced by CFC and CO₂ emissions.I formulate and prove the existence of a general competitive equilibrium where the state space and the probabilities of events are endogenously determined as part of the equilibrium. Traders take optimal positions with respect to the uncertainty which their own actions induce. The equilibrium allocations are efficient in a restricted sense. I show that scientific uncertainty can be fully hedged. However uncertainty induced by the unknown level of output at an equilibrium cannot be hedged fully. I discuss applications for CAT Futures, recently introduced on the Chicago Board of Trade, and to international environmental strategies.Dedicated to Tjalling C. Koopmans     

Improving Catastrophe Modeling for Business Interruption Insurance Needs

While catastrophe (CAT) modeling of property damage is well developed, modeling of business interruption (BI) lags far behind. One reason is the crude nature of functional relationships in CAT models that translate property damage into BI. Another is that estimating BI losses is more complicated because it depends greatly on public and private decisions during recovery with respect to resilience tactics that dampen losses by using remaining resources more efficiently to maintain business function and to recover more quickly. This article proposes a framework for improving hazard loss estimation for BI insurance needs. Improved data collection that allows for analysis at the level of individual facilities within a company can improve matching the facilities with the effectiveness of individual forms of resilience, such as accessing inventories, relocating operations, and accelerating repair, and can therefore improve estimation accuracy. We then illustrate the difference this can make in a case study example of losses from a hurricane.     

基于四六级机考对学生语言能力培养的思考

如何全面培养学生的语言综合应用能力以适应新形式下的考核能力要求,已成为广大高校大学英语教师的关注重点。面对这一问题,作者分析了机考新题型对考生语言能力考核的要求,并以一线教师的身份试从三个方面来克服课堂教学与应用能力和课程考核脱节的问题．即语料选用时尽量避免英语学习材料与实际使用脱节,帮助学生延伸视听触角;课堂教学活动设计注重听说读写综合培养和拓展;树立英语整体教学观。     

Market‐Implied Spread for Earthquake CAT Bonds: Financial Implications of Engineering Decisions

In the event of natural and man‐made disasters, owners of large‐scale infrastructure facilities (assets) need contingency plans to effectively restore the operations within the acceptable timescales. Traditionally, the insurance sector provides the coverage against potential losses. However, there are many problems associated with this traditional approach to risk transfer including counterparty risk and litigation. Recently, a number of innovative risk mitigation methods, termed alternative risk transfer (ART) methods, have been introduced to address these problems. One of the most important ART methods is catastrophe (CAT) bonds. The objective of this article is to develop an integrative model that links engineering design parameters with financial indicators including spread and bond rating. The developed framework is based on a four‐step structural loss model and transformed survival model to determine expected excess returns. We illustrate the framework for a seismically designed bridge using two unique CAT bond contracts. The results show a nonlinear relationship between engineering design parameters and market‐implied spread.     

雏鸡感染沙门氏杆菌后体内CAT活性和LPO含量的变化

二日龄雏鸡人工感染鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌 ,于大量出现病变时剖杀 ,并分别测定心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、法氏囊中过氧化氢酶 (CAT)活性和脂质过氧化物 (LPO)含量。结果表明 :攻毒组与对照组相比 ,各组织中CAT活性显著下降 (P <0 .0 5) ,LPO值极显著地升高 (P <0 .0 1)。     

Optimal Whitening and Decorrelation

Whitening, or sphering, is a common preprocessing step in statistical analysis to transform random variables to orthogonality. However, due to rotational freedom there are infinitely many possible whitening procedures. Consequently, there is a diverse range of sphering methods in use, for example, based on principal component analysis (PCA), Cholesky matrix decomposition, and zero-phase component analysis (ZCA), among others. Here, we provide an overview of the underlying theory and discuss five natural whitening procedures. Subsequently, we demonstrate that investigating the cross-covariance and the cross-correlation matrix between sphered and original variables allows to break the rotational invariance and to identify optimal whitening transformations. As a result we recommend two particular approaches: ZCA-cor whitening to produce sphered variables that are maximally similar to the original variables, and PCA-cor whitening to obtain sphered variables that maximally compress the original variables.     

基于语料库及计算机辅助翻译软件的翻译教学实证研究

在传统的大学翻译教学课堂中,重文学翻译、轻实用翻译的现象长期存在。其结果导致毕业生的翻译能力无法满足市场的要求,无法应对专业翻译的挑战。本文将语料库及计算机辅助翻译工具的使用引入课堂教学,改进翻译课堂教学和翻译学习。研究表明这种新的教学模式有助于训练学生的翻译技巧、提高学生的翻译意识、增进学生翻译能力。